Design of Substructure Abutment Pile ch.44+801km, 2x30m
Design of Substructure Abutment Pile ch.44+801km, 2x30m
Design of Substructure Abutment Pile ch.44+801km, 2x30m
ABUTMENT A1/A2
0.3
3.5 100.30 28
0.5
2.85
2.33
0.350 97.375
89.350 HFL
7.675
88.350
1.8
86.85
19 1.2 1.2
3.6 67.55
0.75 0.75
5.1
FRONT VIEW
1
Abutment-A1/A2 Local River at Ch-44.801km 2X30 M
1.0 Span = 28.000 m 35.0 Depth of slanting part of Return wall = 2.333
2.0 Formation Level = 100.300 m 36.0 Thickness of the Return Wall = 0.300
3.0 Thickness of Wearing Coat = 0.075 m 37.0 Length of the Bracket = 0.200
4.0 Deck Level = 100.225 m Depth of uniform part of bracket = 0.180
5.0 Thickness of Deck Slab = 0.250 m Depth of slanting part of bracket = 0.120 m
6.0 Depth of the Longitudinal Girder = 2.600 m Distance of C.G. of the LL from Formation Level = 1.20 m
7.0 Soffit level = 97.375 m 38.0 Grade of Concrete = M30
8.0 Height of the Pedestal with Bearing = 0.350 m (a) Permissible Direct Compressive Stress = 7.50 N/mm2
9.0 Top of the Abutment Cap = 97.025 m (b) Permissible bending Compressive Stress = 10.00 N/mm2
10.0 Thickness of Abutment cap = 1.000 m 39.0 © Permissible Tensile stress = 0.67 N/mm2
11.0 Top of the Abutment Shaft = 96.025 m 39.0 Grade of Steel = Fe500
12.0 Length of pile = 19.000 m 40.0 (a) Permissible Tensile stress = 240 N/mm2
13.0 H.F.L. = 89.350 m 41.0 (b) Permissible Direct Compressive Stress = 205 N/mm2
14.0 L.W.L. = 89.350 m 40.0 Modular Ratio = 10.0
15.0 L.B.L. = 88.350 m 41.0 Lever Arm Coefficient;n=1/[1+бst/m бcbc] = 0.294
16.0 Dia of the pile = 1.200 m j = 1-n/3 = 0.902
17.0 Length of Pile cap = 16.100 m Q =0.5n(1-n/3)бcbc = 1.326 N/mm2
18.0 width of Pile cap = 5.100 m Dead Load Reaction = 5000.0 KN
19.0 Thickness of the Pile cap = 1.800 m 42.0 SECTIONAL PROPERTIES :- ABUTMENT SHAFT
20.0 Sill Level (Bottom of the shaft) = 88.350 m 43.0 CROSS SECTIONAL AREA : 3.1 X 0.36 = 5.7 m2
21.0 Thickness of the shaft = 1.200 m 44.0 SECTION MODULUS-ZLL 3.14 0.05 = 0.848 m3
22.0 Maximum Scour Depth = 2.500 m 45.0 SECTION MODULUS-ZTT = 0.85 m3
23.0 Maximum scour level = 86.850 m 46.0 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete = 0.0000117
24.0 Bottom Level of the pile cap = 86.550 m Coefficient of shrinkage of Concrete = 0.0002
25.0 Dia of the Abutment shaft 5 no 1.2 dia pier shaft = 1.200 m Area of Bearing l = 500.0 mm
26.0 Height of the shaft = 7.675 m b = 400.0 mm
27.0 Bottom Level of the pile = 67.550 A = 0.200 m2
28.0 Projection of the L-girder from centre of the bearing = 0.980 m t = 96 mm
29.0 Width of Expansion joint = 0.040 m
30.0 Thickness of the Dirt wall = 0.400 m
31.0 Width of the Bearing = 0.600 m
32.0 Width of the Abutment cap = 1.700 m
33.0 Length of the Return Wall = 3.500 m
34.0 Depth of Uniform part of Return wall = 11.525 m
2
Basic Data-Abutment-A1
1.0 Span = 28.000 m
2.0 Formation Level = 100.300 m
3.0 H.F.L. = 89.350 m
4.0 L.W.L. = 89.350 m
5.0 L.B.L. = 88.350 m
6.0 Sill Level (Bottom of the shaft) = 88.350 m
7.0 Bottom Level of the pile cap = 86.550 m
8.0 Bottom Level of the pile = 67.550 m
3
Calculation of Dead Load
m SUPERSTRUCTURE :-
m a) DL Reaction from superstructure = 5000.0 KN
b)Projected Area of the superstructure 0.5 x 28.56 x 2.925 = 41.77 m2
4
7.0 PILE CAP
Volume of the Cap = 16.10 x 5.10 x 1.80 = 147.798 m3
Volume of the Cap below HFL = 16.10 x 5.10 x 1.800 = 147.798 m3
Volume of the Cap above HFL = 147.798 - 147.798 = 0 m3
5
LIVE LOAD ANALYSIS
1.0 MAXM. LIVE LOAD CONDITION :- CLASS:70-R LOADING
DIRECTION OF MOTION
170 170 170 170 120 120 80
Rabut = 170 X 28.98 + 170 X 27.61 + 170 X 24.56 + 170 X 23.19 + 120 X 21.06 + 120 X 19.5 + 80 X 15.58
28.0
Rabut = 852.01 KN
Rpier = 147.99 KN
CLASS:A- LOADING
DIRECTION OF MOTION
114 114 68 68 68 68 0 0
Rabut = 114 x 28.98 + 114 x 27.78 + 68 x 23.48 + 68 x 20.48 + 68 x 17.48 + 68 x 14.5 + 0 x 14.48
28.0 + 0 x 14.48
Rabut = 415.47
Rpier = 84.53
6
(a) MAXIMUM LIVE LOAD CASE
Due to Class 70-R Loading = 852.01 KN
Due to Class A Loading = 415.47 KN
Total 1267.48 KN
Braking Force :-
Due to Class 70-R Loading = 0.20 x 1000.00 = 200.00 KN
Due to Class A Loading = 0.05 x 500.00 = 25.00 KN
Total = 225.00 KN
Change in Reaction due to Braking Force = 225.00 x 4.125 / 28.0 = 33.15 KN
7
HORIZONTAL FORCE DUE TO TEMPERATURE VARIATION AND SHRINKAGE
Change in Length due to Temperature Variation = 0.0000117 x 34 x 28.56 = 0.0114 m
Change in Length due to Shrinkage = 0.0002 x 28.56 = 0.0057 m
Total = 0.0171 m
Total Horizontal Force at Bearing Level = Braking Force +Force due to change in Length =
/ 225.00
2 + 88.92 = 201.42 KN H1
friction µ = 0.05 and hence µ Rg = 0.05 x 6267.5 H2 = H2 > H1 313.4 KN H2
Component along Traffic Direction = 313.37 cos 0 = 313.37 KN
Component along Current Direction = 313.37 sin 0 = 0 KN
MOMENT DUE TO LIVE LOAD AND HORIZONTAL FORCES AT THE TOP OF PILE CAP
Maxm. Live Load Case :-
Moment about an axis parallel to the Current Direction = MLL = 313.37 x 9.025 + 1300.63 x 0.82 = 3894.7 KN.m
Moment about an axis parallel to the Traffic Direction = MTT = 0 x 9.025 + 1300.63 x 1.74 = 2263.1 KN.m
8
SEISMIC ANALYSIS
SEISMIC COEFFICIENT = 0.118
(A) At sill level :- LWL Case
Sl. Particulars Vertical Seismic Seismic along Traffic direction Seismic along current direction
No. Load(KN) Force(KN) Ecc (m) Moment(KN.m) Ecc (m) Moment(KN.m)
1.0 Superstructure 5000.0 589.61 9.03 5321.21 10.5 6183.51
2.0 Dirt wall 39.30 4.63 9.31 43.16 9.31 43.16
3.0 Return wall
(a) Uniform part 302.5313 35.67 6.19 220.74 6.19 220.74
(b)Triangular part 0 0.00 -1.1 0.00 -1.1 0.00
4.0 Bracket
(a) Uniform part 1.08 0.13 11.6 1.47 11.6 1.47
(b)Triangular part 0.36 0.04 11.4 0.48 11.4 0.48
5.0 Abutment cap 51 6.01 8.18 49.16 8.18 49.16
6.0 Abutment shaft-LWL 1082.782 127.68 3.84 489.98 3.84 489.98
Total without LL-LWL 763.78 6126.21 6988.51
Abutment shaft-HFL 1073.174 126.55 3.84 485.64 3.84 485.64
Total without LL-HFL 762.65 6121.86 6121.86
LL Case 1 650.31 76.69 13.15 1008.42
Total 840.47 6126.21 7996.93
LL CASE II 99.69 11.76 13.15 154.58
Total 775.54 6126.21 7143.09
9
Case-I WIND ANALYSIS AT SILL LEVEL wind velocity 47 m/s2
Sl. Particulars Projected H Wind Wind Moment
Ecc
No. Area (m) Pressure Force MTT
(m2) (KN/m2) (KN) (m) (KN.m)
1.0 Superstructure 41.77 10.4875 0.94 39.23 10.4875 411.41
2.0 Dirt wall 1.31 10.3125 0.94 1.23 10.3125 12.69
3.0 Return wall
(a) Uniform part 40.3375 6.188 0.94 37.88 6.1875 234.41
(b)Triangular part 0.000 -1.131 0.94 0.00 -1.13 0.00
4.0 Bracket
(a) Uniform part 0.036 11.560 0.94 0.03 11.56 0.39
(b)Triangular part 0.012 11.390 0.94 0.01 11.39 0.13
5.0 Abutment cap 1.31 8.175 0.94 1.23 8.175 10.06
6.0 Abutment shaft 9.21 3.838 0.94 8.65 3.8375 33.19
7.0 Railing 12.42 12.397 0.94 12.397
Case-II
Wind Force @450 Kg/m in the plane of the loaded chord of Deck slab = 450 x 14.28 = 64.26 KN
Moment at the bottom of the shaft = 64.26 x 10.49 = 673.93 KN.m
10
Case-III
Sl. Particulars Projected Wind Wind Moment
Ecc
No. Area Pressure Force MTT
(m2) (m) (Kg/m2) (KN) (KN.m)
1.0 Superstructure 41.77 10.4875 240.00 100.25 1051.33
2.0 Dirt wall 1.31 10.3125 240.00 3.14 32.42
3.0 Return wall
(a) Uniform part 40.3375 6.1875 240.00 96.81 599.01
(b)Triangular part 0.00 -1.13 240.00 0.00 0.00
4.0 Bracket
(a) Uniform part 0.036 11.56 240.00 0.09 1.00
(b)Triangular part 0.012 11.39 240.00 0.03 0.33
5.0 Abutment cap 1.31 8.175 240.00 3.14 25.70
6.0 Abutment shaft 9.21 3.84 240.00 22.10 84.82
7.0 Railing 12.42 12.397 240.00 29.82 369.64
Design Bending moment at the bottom of pile cap = 776.44 + 261.02 x 1.800 = 1246.28 KN.m
Component along Traffic Direction = 1246.28 sin0 = 0 KN.m
Component along current Direction = 1246.28 cos0 = 1246.28 KN.m
11
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Abutment shaft unfactored
(1) Normal Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars (F)Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.00 0 0 5000.00 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.30 -15.72 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.53 -710.9484 0 302.5 -710.9484 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.08 -0.76 0 1.1 -0.76 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.36 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.00 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 1073.17 0 0
12
(2) Wind Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 7777.7 3179.799 2263.089 7768.1 3179.80 2263.09
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 7777.7 3179.799 3039.532 7768.1 3179.799 3039.532
Pmax 8711.94 KN/m2 8710.24 KN/m2
Pmin -5959.753 KN/m2 -5961.453 KN/m2
Normal condition:LLcase-II 6676.4 2276.77 346.91 6666.8 2276.77 346.91
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 6676.4 2276.772 1123.354 6666.8 2276.772 1123.354
Pmax 5191.779 KN/m2 5190.079 KN/m2
Pmin -2829.278 KN/m2 -2830.978 KN/m2
13
SEISMIC CONDITION
Along Traffic Direction:- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition LLCase1 7777.68 3179.80 2263.09 7768.07 3179.80 2263.09
F Moment of Seismic Force 0.00 6126.21 0.00 0.00 6121.86 0.00
Total 7777.68 9306.01 2263.09 7768.07 9301.66 2263.09
14
Details of Loads and moments at the Top of Pile Cap unfactored
(1) Normal Case :- A = 82.11 m2 ZLL = 69.794 m3 ZTT = 220.33 m3
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.0 0 0 5000.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.3 -15.72 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.5 -710.9484 0 302.5 -710.9484 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.1 -0.76 0 1.1 -0.76 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.4 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.0 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 1082.78 0 0
Pile cap 0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Earth above Heel -1.2435 0 33.77 -41.99 0 33.77 -41.99 0
Earth above Toe 1.2435 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Earth Pressure 0 0 0
(a)Vertical component 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0
(b)Horizontal component 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total without LL 6510.82 -756.9016 0 6510.8 -756.9016 0
LL Case-I 1300.63 3894.71 2263.09 1300.63 3894.71 2263.09
Total with LL case-I 7811.44 3137.81 2263.09 7811.4 3137.81 2263.09
LL Case-I I 199.37 2991.69 346.91 199.37 2991.69 346.91
Total with LL case-I I 6710.19 2234.78 346.91 6710.19 2234.78 346.91
15
(2) Wind Case :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 7811.44 3137.81 2263.09 7811.44 3137.81 2263.09
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 7811.44 3137.81 3039.53 7811.44 3137.81 3039.53
Normal condition:LLcase-II 6710.19 2234.78 346.91 6710.19 2234.78 346.91
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 6710.19 2234.78 1123.35 6710.19 2234.78 1123.35
SEISMIC CONDITION
Along Traffic Direction:-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 7811.44 3137.81 2263.09 7811.4 3137.8 2263.1
Seismic Force 0.00 6126.21 0.00 0.00 6121.86 0.00
Total 7811.44 9264.023 2263.089 7811.4 9259.675 2263.089
16
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Pile cap Unfactored
(1) Normal Case :-
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars vert. MLL MTT vert. MLL MTT
ELL ETT
Load(KN)(KN.m) (KN.m) Load(KN) (KN.m) (KN.m)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.0 0 0 5000.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.3 -15.72 0
Return wall
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.5 -710.948 0 302.5 -710.948 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Bracket
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.1 -0.756 0 1.1 -0.756 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.4 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.0 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 1073.2 0 0
17
Seismic co-eff 0.039
(2) Seismic Case - Along Traffic Direction Along current Direction
LWL Case HFL Case LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vert. load Seismic Force Moment Vert. Seismic Moment Vert. load Seismic Moment Vert. Seismic Moment
Ecc (MLL) load Force Ecc (MLL) Force Ecc (MLL) load Force Ecc (MTT)
KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m
Superstructure 5000.0 196.535946 10.83 2127.502 5000.0 196.5359 10.83 2127.5 5000.0 196.536 12.29 2414.9 5000.0 196.54 12.29 2414.9
Dirt wall 39.3 1.54477254 11.11 17.16628 39.3 1.544773 11.11 17.166 39.3 1.54477 11.11 17.166 39.3 1.5448 11.11 17.166
Return wall
(a) Uniform part 302.5 11.8916531 7.99 94.98 302.5 11.89165 7.99 94.98 302.5 11.8917 7.99 94.98 302.5 11.892 7.99 94.98
(b)Triangular part 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00
Corbel 0.00 0.00
(a) Uniform part 1.1 0.04245176 13.36 0.57 1.1 0.042452 13.36 0.57 1.1 0.04245 13.36 0.57 1.1 0.0425 13.36 0.57
(b)Triangular part 0.4 0.01415059 13.19 0.19 0.4 0.014151 13.19 0.19 0.4 0.01415 13.19 0.19 0.4 0.0142 13.19 0.19
Abutment cap 51.0 2.00466665 9.98 19.99655 51.0 2.004667 9.98 19.997 51.0 2.00467 9.98 19.997 51.0 2.0047 9.98 19.997
Abutment shaft 1082.782 42.5611131 5.64 239.9383 1073.2 126.5503 5.64 713.43 1082.8 42.5611 5.64 239.94 1073.2 126.55 5.64 713.43
Pile cap 3325.455 130.714289 0.90 117.6429 2069.2 81.33334 0.90 73.2 3325.5 130.714 0.90 117.64 1267.5 49.821 0.90 44.839
Total without LL 385.309043 2617.984 419.9173 3047 385.309 2905.4 388.4 3306.1
Seismic+LL Along Traffic Direction Along Current Direction
LWL Case HFL Case LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment
Particulars
(MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT)
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m
Normal with LL case-I 11136.9 3267.27 2263.09 9868.6 3265.7 2263.1 11136.9 3267.3 2263.1 9868.6 3266 2263.1
Seismic without LL 0 2617.98397 0 0 3047.03 0 0 0 3017.19 0 0 3417.9
Total MAX. 11136.9 5885.3 2263.1 9868.6 6312.8 2263.1 11136.9 3267.3 5280.3 9868.6 3266 5681.0
Normal with LL case-II 10035.65 2364.24 346.91 8767.35 2362.7 346.91 10035.6 2364.24 346.91 8767.35 8767.3 346.91
Seismic without LL 0 2617.98397 0 0 3047.03 0 0 0 3017.19 0 0 3417.9
Total MAX. 10035.6 4982.2 346.9 8767.3 5409.7 346.9 10035.6 2364.2 3364.1 8767.3 8767.3 3764.8
18
Details of vertical loads and moment on outermost PILE-ULS COMBINATION
Depth of the pile = 19.0 m 0.75 3.6m 0.75
Dia of the pile = 1.2 m 1.8
submerged unit wt. of concrete = 15 KN/m3 0.85
Self wt. of each pile = 322.164 KN
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m 3.6
ILL = Σx2 = 32.4 m2
ITT = Σy2 = 129.6 m2
Normal condition - LWL Case
3.6
0.85
19
Normal condition: -
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 11136.9 3267.3 2263.1 1711.7 1160.044 9868.601 3265.72 2263.09 1584.7 1033.3
LL Case-I I 10035.6 2364.2 346.91 1471.5 1179.927 8767.35 2362.7 346.91 1344.6 1053.2
Wind Condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 11136.9 3267.3 3509.4 1763.6 1108.115 9868.6 3265.7 3509.37 1636.7 981.37
LL Case-I I 10035.6 2364.2 1593.19 1523.5 1127.999 8767.35 2362.7 1593.19 1396.5 1001.3
Seismic along Traffic Condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 11136.9 5885.3 2263.1 1857.1 1014.6 9868.6 6312.8 2263.1 1754 864.02
LL Case-I I 10035.6 4982.2 346.9 1617 1034.484 8767.3 5409.7 346.9 1513.9 883.9 Critical Case :-
Seismic along current Condition :- Normal Case:-
LWL Case HFL Case Pmax= 1711.7 < 2480.5
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm. Wind Case
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load Pmax= 1763.6 < 3224.7
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN Seismic Case
LL Case-I 11136.9 3267.3 5280.3 1837.4 1034.327 9868.6 3265.7 5680.97 1727.2 890.89 Pmax= 1857.1 < 3100.6
LL Case-I I 10035.6 2364.2 3364.10 1597.2 1054.211 8767.3 8767.35 3764.79 1842.8 554.96
20
Details of Horizontal Forces at the bottom of pile cap
(i)Normal condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
LL Case-I At Bearing Level 201.42 0 201.42 0
Earth pressure 144.69 0 139.98 0
Relief 0 0 0 0
Total at Pile cap 346.11 0.00 341.40 0.00
Resultant 346.11 341.40
Force on each pile 34.61 34.14
LL Case-II At Bearing Level 201.42 0 201.42 0
Earth pressure 144.69 0 139.98 0
Relief 0 0 0.00 0
Total at Pile cap 346.11 0.00 341.40 0.00
Resultant 346.11 341.40
21
(iii) Seismic Along traffic direction Condition :- `
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
Normal case with 0 LL 346.11 0 341.40 0
span loaded 346.11 0 341.40 0
Seismic Force with 0 LL 385.31 0.00 385.31 0.00
span loaded 0 0.00 0 0.00
LL load Case-I Total 731.42 0.00 726.71 0.00
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 731.42 726.71
Force on each pile 73.142 72.671
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 73.142 72.671
LL load Case-II Total 731.42 0.00 726.71 0.00
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 731.42 726.71
Force on each pile 73.142 72.671
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 73.142 72.671
(iv)Seismic along current direction Condition :- `
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
Normal case with 0 LL 346.11 0 341.40 0
span loaded 346.11 0 341.40 0
Seismic Force with 0 LL 0 0.00 0 0.00
span loaded 0 463.35 0 385.31
LL load Case-I Total 346.11 463.35 341.40 385.31
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 578.34 514.8
Force on each pile 57.834 51.4798013
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 57.834 51.4798013
LL load Case-II Total 346.11 397.27 341.40 385.31
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 526.89 514.80
Force on each pile 52.689 51.48
Water current force on pile 0 0.00
Total on each pile 52.689 51.48
22
CALCULATION OF FIXITY OF PILES (For Long piles i.e. Le > 4T)
Refer Appendix-C of IS:2911(Part-I;section-2)
EI
The Equivalent Length of Cantilever; T =5 K1
23
DETAILS OF LOADS AND MOMENTS AT CRITICAL SECTION OF PILES
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m
10 32.4 259.2
2
ILL = Σx = 32.4 m2
2
ITT = Σy = 129.60 m2
Normal Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
Seismic Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
24
NORMAL CASE :-
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 11136.9 3267.3 2263.1 34.61 1870.6 1319 113.14 9868.6 3265.7 2263.1 34.14 1743.7 1192.2 111.604
LL Case-II 10036 2364.2 346.91 34.61 1630.5 1338.9 113.14 8767.3 2362.7 346.9 34.14 1503.5 1212.1 111.604
WIND CASE
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 11136.9 3267.3 3509.4 35.86 1922.5 1267 117.235 9868.6 3265.7 3509.4 35.41 1795.6 1140.3 115.749
LL Case-II 10035.6 2364.2 1593.2 35.86 1682.4 1286.9 117.235 8767.3 2362.7 1593.2 35.41 1555.5 1160.2 115.749
25
SEISMIC CASE ALONG TRAFFIC DIRECTION :-
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 11136.9 5885.3 2263.1 73.14 2016 1173.5 239.102 9868.6 6312.8 2263.1 72.67 1913 1023 237.56
LL Case-II 10035.6 4982.2 346.9 73.14 1775.9 1193.4 239.102 8767.3 5409.7 346.9 72.67 1672.8 1042.8 237.56
26
CALCULATION OF AXIAL CAPACITY OF PILE (Refer IRC:78-2000;Appendix-5)
Depth of the pile = 19 m
Ultimate Load carrying Capacity of Pile Qu = Ru + Rf
where,
Ru = Ultimate Base Resistance = Ap(1/2 DγNγ +PdNq)+ApNcCp
Rf = Ultimate Shaft Resistance = ΣKPdi tanδ Asi +α C As
Dia of the Pile = 1.2 m
3nd Layer
DEPTH 5 M
Angle of Internal Friction of soil φ = 32 degrees
Angle of Wall Frictionbetween pile and soil ;δ = 32 degrees
Moisture Content of the soil w = 0.16
Dry Density of the soil γd = 19.2 KN/m3
Bulk Density of the soil = γd(1+w) γ = 22.272 KN/m3
Effective unit Wt. of the soil γe2 = 10 KN/m3
Bearing Capacity Factors Nc = 9
Nq = 24.44
Nγ = 32.65
Average Cohesion Cp = 0 KN/m2
Total Depth of 2nd Layer D2 = 5 m
27
4TH Layer DEPTH 8 M
Angle of Internal Friction of soil φ = 37 degrees
Angle of Wall Frictionbetween pile and soil ;δ = 37 degrees
Moisture Content of the soil w = 0.16
Dry Density of the soil γd = 19.2 KN/m3
Bulk Density of the soil = γd(1+w) γ = 22.272 KN/m3
Effective unit Wt. of the soil γe2 = 10 KN/m3
Bearing Capacity Factors Nc = 9
Nq = 45
Nγ = 72.56
Average Cohesion Cp = 0 KN/m2
Total Depth of 2nd Layer D2 = 8 m
28
FACTOR OF SAFETY
LOAD STRUCTURAL STRENGTH EQUILIBRIUM SERVICEABILITY
RARE COMBINATION FREQUENT QUASI PERMANENT
DEAD LOAD 1.35 1.05 1.00 1.00 1
SIDL 1.75 1.35 1.00 1.00 1
EARTH PREESURE 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00 1
LIVE LOAD (LEADING) 1.50 1.50 1.00 0.75
LIVE LOAD(ACCOMPANYING) 1.15 1.15 0.75 0.20
WIND LOAD 1.50 1.50 1.00 0.60
SEISMIC LOAD 1.50 1.50
HYDRAULIC LOAD 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
FACTORED LOAD = LOAD X FACTOR OF SAFETY, FACTORED MOMENT=MOMENT X FACTOR OF SAFETY
FACTOR OF SAFTEY EQUILIBRIUM (TABLE 3.1) PG 75 IRC 6 :2014
FACTOR OF SAFTEY STRUCTURAL STRENGTH (TABLE 3.2) PG 77 IRC 6 :2014
FACTOR OF SAFTEY SERVICEABILITY (TABLE 3.3) PG 78 IRC 6 :2014
29
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Abutment shaft ULS COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
Facto Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars r of (F)Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
Safet load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 1.35 0 0 6750.00 0 0 6750.00 0 0
Dirt wall 1.35 -0.4 0 53.1 -21.22 0 53.05 -21.22 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part 1.35 -2.35 0 408.42 -959.7804 0 408.4 -959.7804 0
(b)Triangular part 1.35 -1.77 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part 1.35 -0.7 0 1.46 -1.02 0 1.5 -1.02 0
(b)Triangular part 1.35 -0.67 0 0.49 -0.32 0 0.5 -0.32 0
Abutment cap 1.35 0.25 0 68.85 17.2125 0 68.9 17.21 0
Abutment shaft 1.35 0 0 1461.76 0 0 250.85 0 0
30
(2) Wind Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 10683.4 4876.935 3394.634 9472.5 4876.93 3394.63
Wind Force 1164.66 1164.66
Total 10683.4 4876.935 4559.298 9472.5 4876.935 4559.298
Pmax 13020.45 KN/m2 12806.21 KN/m2
Pmin -9240.067 KN/m2 -9454.311 KN/m2
Normal condition:LLcase-II 9054.7 3522.40 520.37 7843.8 3522.40 520.37
Wind Force 1164.66 1164.66
Total 9054.7 3522.395 1685.031 7843.8 3522.395 1685.031
Pmax 7744.313 KN/m2 7530.069 KN/m2
Pmin -4540.249 KN/m2 -4754.494 KN/m2
31
SEISMIC CONDITION
Along Traffic Direction:- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition LLCase1 9131.89 203.28 678.93 7920.98 203.28 678.93
F Moment of Seismic Force 0.00 9189.32 0.00 0.00 9182.80 0.00
Total 9131.89 9392.60 678.93 7920.98 9386.07 678.93 Moment due to dynamic increment
= 0.00 KNm
Pmax 13495.29 KN/m2 13273.35 KN/m2
Pmin -10263.91 KN/m2 -10470.46 KN/m2
Normal condition LLCaseII 8806.15 -67.63 104.07 7595.25 -67.63 104.07
Moment of Seismic Force 0.00 9189.32 0.00 0.00 9182.80 0.00
Total 8806.2 9121.69 104.07 7595.2 9115.17 104.07
Pmax 12440.06 KN/m2 12218.13 KN/m2
Pmin
32
As per Table 3.2 Partial Safety Factor for Verification of Structural Strength
Pmax 10683.4 KN
MLL 9392.6 KNm Design moment = 9987.2 KNm
MTT 3394.6 KNm
33
Details of Loads and moments at the Top of Pile Cap ULS BASIC COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :- A = 82.11 m2 ZLL = 69.794 m3 ZTT = 220.33 m3
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 0 0 6750.0 0 0 6750.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 53.1 -21.22 0 53.1 -21.22 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 408.4 -959.7804 0 408.4 -959.7804 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.5 -1.02 0 1.5 -1.02 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.5 -0.32 0 0.5 -0.32 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 68.9 17.2125 0 68.9 17.2125 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1461.76 0 0 263.09 0 0
Pile cap 0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Earth above Heel -1.24 0 45.58 -56.68 0 45.58 -56.68 0
Earth above Toe 1.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Earth Pressure 0 0 0
(a)Vertical component 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0
(b)Horizontal component 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total without LL 8789.60 -1021.817 0 7590.9 -1021.817 0
LL Case-I 1939.34 5842.07 3394.63 1939.34 5842.07 3394.63
Total with LL case-I 10728.94 4820.25 3394.63 9530.3 4820.25 3394.63
LL Case-I I 310.66 4487.53 520.37 310.66 4487.53 520.37
Total with LL case-I I 9100.27 3465.71 520.37 7901.60 3465.71 520.37
34
(2) Wind Case :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 10728.94 4820.25 3394.63 9530.27 4820.25 3394.63
Wind Force 1164.66 1164.66
Total 10728.94 4820.25 4559.30 9530.27 4820.25 4559.30
Normal condition:LLcase-II 9100.27 3465.71 520.37 7901.60 3465.71 520.37
Wind Force 1164.66 1164.66
Total 9100.27 3465.71 1685.03 7901.60 3465.71 1685.03
SEISMIC CONDITION
Along Traffic Direction:-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 9177.47 146.60 678.93 7978.8 146.6 678.9
Seismic Force 0.00 9189.32 0.00 0.00 9182.80 0.00
Total 9177.47 9335.914 678.9267 7978.8 9329.392 678.9267
35
As per Table 3.2 Partial Safety Factor for Verification of Structural Strength
Pmax 10728.9 KN
MLL 4820.3 KNm Design moment = 5895.6 KNm
MTT 3394.6 KNm
36
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Pile cap ULS COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :-
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars vert. MLL MTT vert. MLL MTT
ELL ETT
Load(KN)(KN.m) (KN.m) Load(KN) (KN.m) (KN.m)
Superstructure 0 0 6750.0 0 0 6750.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 53.1 -21.222 0 53.1 -21.222 0
Return wall
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 408.4 -959.78 0 408.4 -959.78 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Bracket
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.5 -1.0206 0 1.5 -1.0206 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.5 -0.324 0 0.5 -0.324 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 68.9 17.2125 0 68.9 17.2125 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1461.76 0 0 338.6 0 0
37
Secimic coeff h = 0.05896078 h 0.06
(2) Seismic Case - Along Traffic Direction Along current Direction
LWL Case HFL Case LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vert. load Seismic Force Moment Vert. Seismic Moment Vert. load Seismic Moment Vert. Seismic Moment
Ecc (MLL) load Force Ecc (MLL) Force Ecc (MLL) load Force Ecc (MTT)
KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m KN KN m KN.m
Superstructure 5000.0 294.80392 10.83 3191.252 5000.0 294.8039 10.83 3191.3 5000.0 294.804 12.29 3622.4 5000.0 294.8 12.29 3622.4
Dirt wall 39.3 2.317 11.11 25.7 39.3 2.32 11.11 25.749 39.3 2.3 11.11 25.749 39.3 2.3172 11.11 25.749
Return wall
(a) Uniform part 302.5 17.8374797 7.99 142.48 302.5 17.83748 7.99 142.48 302.5 17.8375 7.99 142.48 302.5 17.837 7.99 142.48
(b)Triangular part 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00 0.0 0 0.67 0.00
Corbel 0.00 0.00
(a) Uniform part 1.1 0.06 13.36 0.85 1.1 0.06 13.36 0.85 1.1 0.06368 13.36 0.85 1.1 0.0637 13.36 0.85
(b)Triangular part 0.4 0.02 13.19 0.28 0.4 0.021 13.19 0.28 0.4 0.02 13.19 0.28 0.4 0.1296 13.19 1.71
Abutment cap 51.0 3.00699998 9.98 29.99 51.0 3.0 9.98 29.995 51.0 3.01 9.98 29.995 51.0 3.007 9.98 29.995
Abutment shaft 1082.782 63.8416696 5.64 359.91 1448.8 29.58 5.64 166.76 1082.8 63.84 5.64 359.91 1448.8 29.58 5.64 166.76
Pile cap 3325.455 196.071434 0.90 176.5 2793.4 167.6 0.90 150.84 3325.5 196.07 0.90 176.46 1267.5 74.732 0.90 67.258
Total without LL 577.96 3927.0 515.23 3708.2 577.964 4358.1 422.47 4057.2
Seismic+LL Along Traffic Direction Along Current Direction
LWL Case HFL Case LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment Vert. load Moment Moment
Particulars
(MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT) (MLL) (MTT)
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m KN KN.m KN.m
Normal with LL case-I 15223.4 17735.04 3394.63 12400.7 17732.7 3394.6 15223.4 17735.0 3394.6 12400.7 17733 3394.6
Seismic without LL 0 5890.46 0 0 5562.31 0 0 0 6726.48 0 0 6275.1
Total MAX. 15223.4 23625.5 3394.6 12400.7 23295.0 3394.6 15223.4 17735.0 10121.1 12400.7 17733 9669.7
Normal with LL case-II 13594.70 16412.13 587.48 10771.99 16409.8 587.48 13594.7 16412.13 587.48 10771.99 10772.0 587.48
Seismic without LL 0 5890.46 0 0 5562.31 0 0 0 6726.48 0 0 6275.1
Total MAX. 13594.7 22302.6 587.5 10772.0 21972.1 587.5 13594.7 16412.1 7314.0 10772.0 10772.0 6862.6
38
Details of vertical loads and moment on outermost PILE-ULS COMBINATION
Depth of the pile = 19.0 m 0.75 3.6m 0.75
Dia of the pile = 1.2 m 1.8
submerged unit wt. of concrete = 15 KN/m3 0.85
Self wt. of each pile = 322.164 KN
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m 3.6
ILL = Σx2 = 32.4 m2
2
ITT = Σy = 129.6 m2
Normal condition - LWL Case
3.6
0.85
39
Normal condition: -
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 15223.4 17735.0 3394.6 2971.2 717.7782 12400.67 17732.7 3394.634 2688.8 435.64
LL Case-I I 13594.7 16412.1 587.48 2617.9 745.3705 10771.99 16409.8 587.48 2335.5 463.23
Wind Condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 15223.4 17735.0 5264.1 3049.1 639.8858 12400.7 17732.7 5264.05 2766.7 357.74
LL Case-I I 13594.7 16412.1 2456.90 2695.8 667.4782 10771.99 16409.8 2456.90 2413.4 385.34
Seismic along Traffic Condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 15223.4 23625.5 3394.6 3298.5 390.5302 12400.7 23295.0 3394.6 2997.8 126.62
LL Case-I I 13594.7 22302.6 587.5 2945.1 418.1225 10772.0 21972.1 587.5 2644.5 154.21 Critical Case :-
Seismic along current Condition :- Normal Case:-
LWL Case HFL Case Pmax= 2971.2 < 2480.5
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm. Wind Case
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load Pmax= 3049.1 < 3224.7
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN Seismic Case
LL Case-I 15223.4 17735.0 10121.1 3251.5 437.5084 12400.7 17732.7 9670 2950.3 174.17 Pmax= 3298.5 < 3100.6
LL Case-I I 13594.7 16412.1 7313.96 2898.2 465.1007 10772.0 10771.99 6863 2283.7 514.98
40
Details of Horizontal Forces at the bottom of pile cap
(i)Normal condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
LL Case-I At Bearing Level 423.05 0 423.05 0
Earth pressure 217.03 0 209.97 0
Relief 0 0 0 0
Total at Pile cap 640.09 0.00 633.02 0.00
Resultant 640.09 633.02
Force on each pile 64.01 63.30
LL Case-II At Bearing Level 423.05 0 423.05 0
Earth pressure 217.03 0 209.97 0
Relief 0 0 0.00 0
Total at Pile cap 640.09 0.00 633.02 0.00
Resultant 640.09 633.02
41
(iii) Seismic Along traffic direction Condition :- `
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
Normal case with 0 LL 567.74 0 563.03 0
span loaded 567.74 0 563.03 0
Seismic Force with 0 LL 866.95 0.00 866.95 0.00
span loaded 0 0.00 0 0.00
LL load Case-I Total 1434.69 0.00 1429.98 0.00
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 1434.7 1430
Force on each pile 143.47 143
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 143.47 143
LL load Case-II Total 1434.69 0.00 1429.98 0.00
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 1434.7 1430
Force on each pile 143.47 143
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 143.47 143
(iv)Seismic along current direction Condition :- `
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
Normal case with 0 LL 567.74 0 563.03 0
span loaded 567.74 0 563.03 0
Seismic Force with 0 LL 0 0.00 0 0.00
span loaded 0 983.31 0 866.95
LL load Case-I Total 567.74 983.31 563.03 866.95
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 1135.4 1033.7
Force on each pile 113.54 103.373076
Water current force on pile 0 0
Total on each pile 113.54 103.373076
LL load Case-II Total 567.74 885.59 563.03 866.95
Resultant at the pile cap bottom 1051.9 1033.73
Force on each pile 105.19 103.37
Water current force on pile 0 0.00
Total on each pile 105.19 103.37
42
CALCULATION OF FIXITY OF PILES (For Long piles i.e. Le > 4T)
Refer Appendix-C of IS:2911(Part-I;section-2)
EI
The Equivalent Length of Cantilever; T =5 K1
43
DETAILS OF LOADS AND MOMENTS AT CRITICAL SECTION OF PILES
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m
ILL = Σx2 = 32.4 m2
ITT = Σy2 = 129.6 m2
Normal Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
Seismic Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
NORMAL CASE :-
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 15223.4 17735.0 3394.6 64.01 3130.2 876.71 209.25 12400.7 17732.7 3394.6 63.30 2847.8 594.57 206.935
LL Case-II 13595 16412.1 587.48 64.01 2776.8 904.3 209.25 10772.0 16409.8 587.5 63.30 2494.4 622.16 206.935
WIND CASE
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 15223.4 17735.0 5264.1 65.54 3208.1 798.82 214.252 12400.7 17732.7 5264.1 64.85 2925.7 516.68 211.997
LL Case-II 13594.7 16412.1 2456.9 65.54 2854.7 826.41 214.252 10772.0 16409.8 2456.9 64.85 2572.3 544.27 211.997
44
SEISMIC CASE ALONG TRAFFIC DIRECTION :-
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 15223.4 23625.5 3394.6 143.47 3457.4 549.46 469.001 12400.7 23295.0 3394.6 143.00 3156.8 285.55 467.46
LL Case-II 13594.7 22302.6 587.5 143.47 3104.1 577.06 469.001 10772.0 21972.1 587.5 143.00 2803.4 313.15 467.46
45
CALCULATION OF FIXITY OF PILES (FOR SHORT PILES I.e. Le <4T )
4
L = 12 m E = 315000 Kg/cm2 I = 10182857 cm
Wt. of each pile = 481.1 KN
= Q x 9.5
Dflection of Pile Q x L3
=
12 EI
46
FACTOR OF SAFETY
LOAD SLS RARE COMBINATION EQUILIBRIUM SERVICEABILITY
RARE COMBINATION FREQUENT QUASI PERMANENT
DEAD LOAD 1.00 1.05 1.00 1.00 1
SIDL 1.00 1.35 1.00 1.00 1
EARTH PREESURE 1.00 1.50 1.00 1.00 1
LIVE LOAD (LEADING) 1.00 1.50 1.00 0.75
LIVE LOAD(ACCOMPANYING) 0.75 1.15 0.75 0.20
WIND LOAD 1.00 1.50 1.00 0.60
SEISMIC LOAD 0.00 1.50
HYDRAULIC LOAD 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
FACTORED LOAD = LOAD X FACTOR OF SAFETY, FACTORED MOMENT=MOMENT X FACTOR OF SAFETY
FACTOR OF SAFTEY EQUILIBRIUM (TABLE 3.1) PG 75 IRC 6 :2014
FACTOR OF SAFTEY STRUCTURAL STRENGTH (TABLE 3.2) PG 77 IRC 6 :2014
FACTOR OF SAFTEY SERVICEABILITY (TABLE 3.3) PG 78 IRC 6 :2014
47
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Abutment shaft SLS COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars (F)Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.00 0 0 5000.00 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.30 -15.72 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.53 -710.9484 0 302.5 -710.9484 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.08 -0.76 0 1.1 -0.76 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.36 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.00 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 250.85 0 0
48
(2) Wind Case :- A = 5.7 m2 ZLL = 0.848 m3 ZTT = 0.85 m3
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 7769.4 3179.799 2263.089 6937.5 3179.80 2263.09
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 7769.4 3179.799 3039.532 6937.5 3179.799 3039.532
Pmax 8710.473 KN/m2 8563.281 KN/m2
Pmin -5961.219 KN/m2 -6108.412 KN/m2
Normal condition:LLcase-II 6684.7 2276.77 346.91 5852.8 2276.77 346.91
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 6684.7 2276.772 1123.354 5852.8 2276.772 1123.354
Pmax 5193.245 KN/m2 5046.052 KN/m2
Pmin -2827.812 KN/m2 -2975.005 KN/m2
49
As per Table 3.2 Partial Safety Factor for Verification of Structural Strength
LOAD COMBINATION FOR ABUTMENT SHAFT DESIGN SLS LOAD RARE COMBINATION
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars (F)Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Pmax 7769.4 KN
MLL 3179.8 KNm Design Moment = 4398.85 RARE COMBINATION
MTT 3039.5 KNm
LOAD COMBINATION FOR ABUTMENT SHAFT DESIGN SLS LOAD QUASI COMBINATION
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars (F)Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Pmax 6477.1 KN
MLL -714.9 KNm Design Moment = 714.91 QUASI PERMANENT
MTT 0.0 KNm
50
Details of Loads and moments at the Top of Pile Cap ULS BASIC COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :- A = 82.11 m2 ZLL = 69.794 m3 ZTT = 220.33 m3
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical Horizontal MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
ELL ETT
load (KN) Load(KN) load (KN) Load(KN)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.0 0 0 5000.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.3 -15.72 0
Return wall 0
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.5 -710.9484 0 302.5 -710.9484 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0.00 0 0.0 0.00 0
Corbel 0
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.1 -0.76 0 1.1 -0.76 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.4 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.0 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 263.09 0 0
Pile cap 0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Earth above Heel -1.24 0 33.77 -41.99 0 33.77 -41.99 0
Earth above Toe 1.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Earth Pressure 0 0 0
(a)Vertical component 0.0 0 0.00 0.00 0
(b)Horizontal component 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total without LL 6510.82 -756.9016 0 5691.1 -756.9016 0
LL Case-I 1292.34 3894.71 2263.09 1292.34 3894.71 2263.09
Total with LL case-I 7803.16 3137.81 2263.09 6983.5 3137.81 2263.09
LL Case-I I 207.66 2991.69 346.91 207.66 2991.69 346.91
Total with LL case-I I 6718.48 2234.78 346.91 5898.79 2234.78 346.91
51
(2) Wind Case :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m Vertical MLL KN.m MTT KN.m
load (KN) load (KN)
Normal condition:LLcase-I 7803.16 3137.81 2263.09 6983.46 3137.81 2263.09
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 7803.16 3137.81 3039.53 6983.46 3137.81 3039.53
Normal condition:LLcase-II 6718.48 2234.78 346.91 5898.79 2234.78 346.91
Wind Force 776.44 776.44
Total 6718.48 2234.78 1123.35 5898.79 2234.78 1123.35
52
Details of Loads and moments at the bottom of Pile cap ULS COMBINATION
(1) Normal Case :-
Eccentricity LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars vert. MLL MTT vert. MLL MTT
ELL ETT
Load(KN)(KN.m) (KN.m) Load(KN) (KN.m) (KN.m)
Superstructure 0 0 5000.0 0 0 5000.0 0 0
Dirt wall -0.4 0 39.3 -15.72 0 39.3 -15.72 0
Return wall
(a) Uniform part -2.35 0 302.5 -710.948 0 302.5 -710.948 0
(b)Triangular part -1.77 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0
Bracket
(a) Uniform part -0.7 0 1.1 -0.756 0 1.1 -0.756 0
(b)Triangular part -0.67 0 0.4 -0.24 0 0.4 -0.24 0
Abutment cap 0.25 0 51.0 12.75 0 51.0 12.75 0
Abutment shaft 0 0 1082.78 0 0 250.8 0 0
53
Details of vertical loads and moment on outermost PILE-ULS COMBINATION
Depth of the pile = 19.0 m 0.75 3.6m 0.75
Dia of the pile = 1.2 m 1.8
submerged unit wt. of concrete = 15 KN/m3 0.85
Self wt. of each pile = 322.164 KN
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m 3.6
ILL = Σx2 = 32.4 m2
2
ITT = Σy = 129.6 m2
Normal condition - LWL Case
3.6
0.85
54
Normal condition: -
LWL Case HFL Case
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm.
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN
LL Case-I 11128.6 11751.9 2263.1 2182.2 687.8484 9037.989 11750.3 2263.09 1973.1 478.87
LL Case-I I 10043.9 10869.9 391.65 1946.8 706.3538 7953.31 10868.4 391.65 1737.6 497.38
Wind Condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case Critical Case :-
Vert. Maxm. Minm. Vert. Load Maxm. Minm. Normal Case:-
Particulars
Load MLL MTT Load Load MLL MTT Load Load Pmax= 2182.2 < 2480.5
KN KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m KN.m KN KN Wind Case
LL Case-I 11128.6 11751.9 3509.4 2234.1 635.9201 9038.0 11750.3 3509.37 2025 426.94 Pmax= 2234.1 < 3224.7
LL Case-I I 10043.9 10869.9 1637.93 1998.7 654.4255 7953.31 10868.4 1637.93 1789.5 445.45
55
Details of Horizontal Forces at the bottom of pile cap
(i)Normal condition :-
LWL Case HFL Case
Particulars
HLL(KN) HTT(KN) HLL(KN) HTT(KN)
LL Case-I At Bearing Level 313.37 0 313.37 0
Earth pressure 144.69 0 139.98 0
Relief 0 0 0 0
Total at Pile cap 458.06 0.00 453.35 0.00
Resultant 458.06 453.35
Force on each pile 45.81 45.34
LL Case-II At Bearing Level 313.37 0 313.37 0
Earth pressure 144.69 0 139.98 0
Relief 0 0 0.00 0
Total at Pile cap 458.06 0.00 453.35 0.00
Resultant 458.06 453.35
56
CALCULATION OF FIXITY OF PILES (For Long piles i.e. Le > 4T)
Refer Appendix-C of IS:2911(Part-I;section-2)
EI
The Equivalent Length of Cantilever; T =5 K1
57
DETAILS OF LOADS AND MOMENTS AT CRITICAL SECTION OF PILES
No. of piles = 10
Spacing of piles
Along Traffic direction = 3.6 m
Along current direction = 3.6 m
ILL = Σx2 = 32.4 m2
ITT = Σy2 = 129.60 m2
Normal Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
Seismic Case :-
Self wt. of the pile upto critical section = 191.14 KN
Moment in the pile upto critical section = 3.269 Q
NORMAL CASE :-
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 11128.6 11751.9 2263.1 45.81 2341.1 846.78 149.74 9038.0 11750.3 2263.1 45.34 2132 637.81 148.201
LL Case-II 10044 10869.9 391.65 45.81 2105.7 865.29 149.74 7953.3 10868.4 391.7 45.34 1896.5 656.31 148.201
QUASI PERMANENT
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 9836.3 -627.4 0.0 14.47 1429.9 1499.6 47.30 7745.7 -629.0 0.0 14.00 1220.7 1290.6 45.759
LL Case-II 9836.3 -627.4 0.0 14.47 1429.9 1499.6 47.30 7745.7 -629.0 0.0 14.00 1220.7 1290.6 45.759
WIND CASE
LWL Case Per Pile HFL Case Per Pile
Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in Vert. Horiz. Max. Min. Moment in
Particulars MLL MTT MLL MTT
Load Force Load Load Pile Load Force Load Load Pile
(KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m (KN) KN.m KN.m KN KN KN KN.m
LL Case-I 11128.6 11751.9 3509.4 46.76 2393.1 794.85 152.855 9038.0 11750.3 3509.4 46.30 2183.9 585.88 151.347
LL Case-II 10043.9 10869.9 1637.9 46.76 2157.6 813.36 152.855 7953.3 10868.4 1637.9 46.30 1948.5 604.38 151.347
58
CALCULATION OF ACTIVE & PASSIVE EARTH PRESSURE COEFFECIENTS
ka 0.297 kp 6.105
H 11.95 m
Earth Pressure Coefficient in Seismic Case
(1+av)*cos(f-l-a) 1 2
2 X
cosl*cos a*cos(d+a+l 1+ sin(f+d)*sin(f-i-l) 0.5
cos(a-i)*cos(d+a+l)
= 0.882 x 0.382
Ca = 0.337
59
Case-2 (By taking l = tan-1(ah/(1-av)) )
Active earth pressure coefficient,Ca =
(1-av)*cos(f-l-a) 1 2
2 X
cosl*cos a*cos(d+a+l 1+ sin(f+d)*sin(f-i-l) 0.5
cos(a-i)*cos(d+a+l)
= 0.832 x 0.383
Ca = 0.318
(1+av)*cos(f-l-a) 1 2
2 X
cosl*cos a*cos(d+a+l 1+ sin(f+d)*sin(f-i-l) 0.5
cos(a-i)*cos(d+a+l)
= 0.798 x 0.373
Ca = 0.297
60
Calculations for Seismic Coefficient:
Horizontal Seismic Forces:
Feq = Ah x (Dead Load + Appropriate Live Load)
Ah = Horizontal Seismic Coefficient
Ah =
I= Importance factor
I= 1.2
Z= Zone Factor as given in table 5 (Interim Specifications)
61
Moment of inertia in longitudinal direction
M.I of the section about its C.G = 0.17 m4
Grade of concrete = 30 grade
Young's modulus of elasticity of concrete E = 27386 N/mm2
Height of shaft above the foundation = 7.675 m
Distance of C.G. of superstructure to fixity point
= 9.03 x 1000 = 9025.00 mm
Deflection at the tip of Abutment/Pier F x L^3/(3E x M.I.) Longitudanat direction
F = = 19.31319 KN (For one mm deflection)
62
Pile design Circular
Size of the pile parallel to traffic = 1.200 m
Size of the pile perpendicular to traffic = 1.200 m
2 2
Area of Pile = 1.131 m 1130973 mm
Clear cover to the reinforcement = 50 mm
Design yield strength of reinforcement = 435 mpa
Grade of concrete = M30
Maximum axial compression force = 214 kN
Minimum reinforcement required = 0.1 NED/fyd or 0.002 Ac greater
(Clause 16.2.2 of IRC:112-2011)
2
0.1 NED/fyd = 49 mm
2
0.0024 Ac min = 2714 mm
2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2714 mm
No of 16 mm dia bars required = 14 No
No of 16 mm dia bars provided = 30 No
2
Reinforcement provided = 6032 mm Hence safe
% of Reinforcement provided = 0.533 % > 0.4% Min As as per IS 2911 code (%)
Spacing requirement Perimeter = 3454 mm
(Clause 16.2.2 of IRC:112-2011) spacing <200 mm = 115 200
OK
63
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT SHAFT BY ULS METHOD
Status of Section OK
64
Check for Shear
Ult. Applied Shear Force, Vult KN 2137
Overall dia, D m 1.200
Overall Dia, D m 1.200
v =0.6[1-(fck/310)] 0.542
Max Shear Check VEd <=0.5bw d v fcd KN 5229
OK
2
Area of Section m 1.131
Horizontal Force KN 640
Cg of steel m 0.083
Comp. Stress due to Horizontal force, scp Mpa 0.566
VRd.c = r1.fck)0.33+0.15s
[0.12K(80r scp]bw.d
Overall Width, bw m 1.200
z = (D - Yord) m 1.117
1.00
K = 1+ 200/d <= 2.0 1.42
r1 0.005
3/2 1/2
vmin = 0.031 K fck Mpa 0.288
VRd.c = KN 616
vRd.c min =(vmin + 0.15scp)bw.d KN 500
Govering VRdc= KN 616
Design Shear Capacity, Vc KN 616
Provision of Shear Reinforcement (Cl. 10.3.3.2 of IRC 112-2011)
Ultimate Applied Shear, Vuapplied kN 2137
av mm 1117
b = av/2d 0.50
Vu kN 1068
Design Shear Capacity, Vc kN 616
Reqirement of shear reinforcement YES
Vu-Vc (in KN) KN 0.000
acw 1.019
n1 0.600
Shear Reinforcement
i) Aswmax / S = 0.5*bw*acw*n1*fcd/(fywd) mm2/m 22.007
2
ii) 0.072 x (SQRT(fck))/fyk mm /m 23.640
2
Governing Shear reinforcement mm /m 23.640
Shear RF Due to ultimate loads, Asv/Sv = (Vu-
mm2/m 0.000
Vc)/(z*fywd)
Design Shear Reinforcement mm2/m 11.820
65
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT SHAFT BY SLS METHOD
Check for Stresses
Concrete Grade = M30
Clear cover to r/f = 75mm Bottom Slab
Steel Grade = Fe500
Elasticity modulus of Concrete 31000 Mpa
sst = 30600 300.000 Mpa
sck = 1468.8 14 Mpa
m = 6.48
k = 0.237
j = 0.921
Q = 1.573 t/m2
BM - Long
DESCRIPTION Units
Direction
Design "+" Moments tm 88.0
Overall width provided mm 1200
Overall depth provided mm 1200
Modulur ratio, m mm 6.48
Check for Flexure
Steel percentage (p) mm 3.02
Depth of neutral axis, kd mm 263
Neutral Axis factor, k 0.237
Lever arm, z mm 1021
Lever arm factor, j 0.921
Moment of resistance factor, Q MPa 1.573
Effective cover provided mm 91
Effective depth provided, d mm 1109
2
MR from concrete =Q*b*d Nmm 2.32E+09
Provided Ast for "+" BM mm2 40212
MR of steel =0.80*fy*As*z= Nmm 1.23E+10
Moment of Resistance of Section tm 232.2
Status of Section OK
2
Stress in concrete N/mm 5.5
2
Stress in reinforcement N/mm 21.4
Status of Section OK
66
Check for Crack width
Design Moments tm 14
2
Area of reinforcement mm 40212
Lever arm mm 1021
Depth of Neutral Axis mm 263
2
Stress in concrete N/mm 0.9
2
Stress in reinforcement N/mm 3.5
Average Strain at the level, em 1.74E-05
Diameter check (As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011) OK
Spacing check (As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011) OK
Crackwidth at mid point between two bars
Crackwidth Wk = Sr,max*(εsm - εcm)
Provided spacing of tensile reinforcement mm 26
Φeq mm 16
hc,eff mm 227.5
ρp,eff 0.1473 As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011
Sr,max mm 328
kt 0.5 As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011
fct,eff Mpa 2.5
αe 6.45E+00
Es Mpa 2.00E+05
σsc Mpa 3.5
εsm - εcm = (σsc - (kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff)*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es 0.0000
W k = Sr,max*(εsm - εcm) mm 0.003
Allowable crack width mm 0.3
Status of sections OK
67
DESIGN OF PILE
Status of Section OK
68
Check for Shear
Ult. Applied Shear Force, Vult KN 595
Overall dia, D m 1.200
Overall Dia, D m 1.200
v =0.6[1-(fck/310)] 0.532
Max Shear Check VEd <=0.5bw d v fcd KN 5991
OK
2
Area of Section m 1.131
Horizontal Force KN 143
Cg of steel m 0.083
Comp. Stress due to Horizontal force, scp Mpa 0.126
VRd.c = r1.fck)0.33+0.15s
[0.12K(80r scp]bw.d
Overall Width, bw m 1.200
z = (D - Yord) m 1.117
1.00
K = 1+ 200/d <= 2.0 1.42
r1 0.004
3/2 1/2
vmin = 0.031 K fck Mpa 0.311
VRd.c = KN 529
vRd.c min =(vmin + 0.15scp)bw.d KN 443
Govering VRdc= KN 529
Design Shear Capacity, Vc KN 529
Provision of Shear Reinforcement (Cl. 10.3.3.2 of IRC 112-201
Ultimate Applied Shear, Vuapplied kN 595
av mm 1117
b = av/2d 0.50
Vu kN 297
Design Shear Capacity, Vc kN 529
Reqirement of shear reinforcement NO
Vu-Vc (in KN) KN 65.324
acw 1.004
n1 0.600
Shear Reinforcement
i) Aswmax / S = 0.5*bw*acw*n1*fcd/(fywd) 2
mm /m 25.291
2
ii) 0.072 x (SQRT(fck))/fyk mm /m 25.534
2
Governing Shear reinforcement mm /m 25.534
Shear RF Due to ultimate loads, A sv/Sv = 2
mm /m 116.964
(Vu-Vc)/(z*fywd)
Design Shear Reinforcement mm2/m 58.482
69
DESIGN OF PILE BY SLS
Check for Stresses
Concrete Grade = M35
Clear cover to r/f = 75mm Bottom Slab
Steel Grade = Fe500
Elasticity modulus of Concrete 32000 Mpa
sst = 30600 300.000 Mpa
sck = 1713.6 17 Mpa
m = 5.56
k = 0.237
j = 0.921
Q = 1.836 t/m2
BM - Long
DESCRIPTION Units
Direction
Design "+" Moments tm 15.1
Overall width provided mm 1200
Overall depth provided mm 1200
Modulur ratio, m mm 5.56
Check for Flexure
Steel percentage (p) mm 3.02
Depth of neutral axis, kd mm 263
Neutral Axis factor, k 0.237
Lever arm, z mm 1021
Lever arm factor, j 0.921
Moment of resistance factor, Q MPa 1.836
Effective cover provided mm 91
Effective depth provided, d mm 1109
2
MR from concrete =Q*b*d Nmm 2.71E+09
Provided Ast for "+" BM mm2 40212
MR of steel =0.80*fy*As*z= Nmm 1.23E+10
Moment of Resistance of Section tm 270.9
Status of Section OK
2
Stress in concrete N/mm 0.9
2
Stress in reinforcement N/mm 3.7
Status of Section OK
70
Check for Crack width
Design Moments tm 5
2
Area of reinforcement mm 40212
Lever arm mm 1021
Depth of Neutral Axis mm 263
2
Stress in concrete N/mm 0.3
2
Stress in reinforcement N/mm 1.1
Average Strain at the level, em 5.57E-06
Diameter check (As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011) OK
Spacing check (As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011) OK
Crackwidth at mid point between two bars
Crackwidth Wk = Sr,max*(εsm - εcm)
Provided spacing of tensile reinforcement mm 26
Φeq mm 16
hc,eff mm 227.5
ρp,eff 0.1473 As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011
Sr,max mm 328
kt 0.5 As per cl.12.3.6 IRC:112-2011
fct,eff Mpa 2.8
αe 6.25E+00
Es Mpa 2.00E+05
σsc Mpa 1.1
εsm - εcm = (σsc - (kt*fct,eff/ρp,eff)*(1+αe*ρp,eff))/Es 0.0000
W k = Sr,max*(εsm - εcm) mm 0.001
Allowable crack width mm 0.3
Status of sections OK
71
Pile design Circular
Size of the pile parallel to traffic = 1.200 m
Size of the pile perpendicular to traffic = 1.200 m
2 2
Area of Pile = 1.131 m 1130973 mm
Clear cover to the reinforcement = 50 mm
Design yield strength of reinforcement = 435 mpa
Grade of concrete = M35
Maximum axial compression force = 2926 kN
Minimum reinforcement required = 0.1 NED/fyd or 0.002 Ac greater
(Clause 16.2.2 of IRC:112-2011)
2
0.1 NED/fyd = 673 mm
0.0024 Ac min = 2714 mm2
2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2714 mm
No of 16 mm dia bars required = 14 No
No of 16 mm dia bars provided = 26 No
2
Reinforcement provided = 5228 mm Hence safe
% of Reinforcement provided = 0.462 % > 0.4% Min As as per IS 2911 code (%)
Spacing requirement Perimeter = 3454 mm
(Clause 16.2.2 of IRC:112-2011) spacing <200 mm = 133 200
OK
72
DESIGN OF ABUTMENT CAP
Thickness of cap = = 1m
Width of Cap = = 1.2 m
As per clause 710.8.7 of IRC :78-2014 Reinforcement in Pier and Abutment caps,where
the bearing satisfies the square root formula stated in clause 307.1 of IRC :21, the
cap shall be reinforced with a total minimum of 1% steel, assuming a cap thickness
of 225mm. The total steel shall be distributed equally and provided both at top and
bottom in two directions.The reinforcement in the direction of the length of the cap
shall extend from end to end of the cap while the reinforcement at right angle shall
extend for the full width of the cap and be in the form of stirrups.
1000 mm
1200 mm
73
Design of Dirt wall
1 Height of the Dirt wall = 3.275 m
2 Length of the Dirt wall = 16.0 m
3 Thickness of the Dirt wall = 0.4 m
4 Equivalent Live Load Surcharge = 1.2 m
5 Grade of concrete = M 30
6 Grade of Steel = Fe 500
7 Dia of main bar = 16 mm
8 Dia of distribution bar = 10 mm
9 Clear cover = 40.00 mm
10 Properties of back fill soil c = 0.00 N/mm2
11 φ = 30o
12 Bulk density = 18.00 KN/m2
13 Contact width of the vehicle = 2.79 m
74
DESIGN OF DIRT WALL
Kah = 0.273
Kav = 0.0992
Kav / kah = 0.36397
Intensity of active earth pressure due to surcharge p1= Kah.γ.h p1
p2
= 5.889 KN/m2
Intensity of active earth pressure due to back fill p2= Kah.γ.h
300 mm
= 16.072 KN/m2
Earth Eccentricity Moment
Pressure from the base about the
of dirt wall base of dirt wall
(KN /m) (m) (KN-m/m)
LL Effect
Let us assume that maxm. Axle load of 200 KN is just above the dirt wall and
the brake is applied.
Distribution width of LL = 2.79 + 2x 3.275 = 9.34 m
Total width of Dirt wall = 12.00 m
Hence effective width of the dirt wall = 9.34 m
B.F. per m length= ( 0.2 x 200.00 ) / 9.3 = 4.283 KN/m
Moment due to B.F. = 4.28 x 3.275 = 14.03 KN-m
75
Design for Flexure
Muls kN 122.7
deff.req. mm 177
D mm 400
C.Co mm 50
dia. (i) mm 16
(ii) mm
S (i) mm 150
(ii) mm 150
deff.av mm 342
Check O.K.
Ast,req. mm2 1031
2
Ast,min. mm 498
Ast,prov. 2
mm 1340
Check O.K.
Distribution reinforcement
M kN 31
C.Co mm 50
dia. mm 12
deff.av mm 328
Ast,req. 2
mm 262
Ast,min. 2
mm 478
Sreq. mm 237
Sprv. mm 150
Check O.K
Shear Check
Dirt Wall
Detail unit Discont.
Support (H)
N Ed kN 0
bw mm 1000
d mm 342
σ cp MPa 0.0000
A st 2
mm 1340
ρ1 - 0.0039
K - 1.76
v min MPa 0.43
V Rd.c.min kN 147
V Rd.c kN 160
v 0.53
Ved KN 108
Criteria : Vrdc ≥ Ved ok
Shear reinf. Reqd. Not reqd.
76