7 Plant Kingdom: Solutions
7 Plant Kingdom: Solutions
7 Plant Kingdom: Solutions
Plant Kingdom
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
(Classification systems and Branches of Taxonomy)
1. Which of the following systems of classification involves usage of one or few morphological characters for
grouping of organisms?
(1) Artificial system (2) Natural system
(3) Phylogenetic system (4) Bentham and Hooker’s system
Sol. Answer (1)
Artificial system of classification involves usage of one or few morphological characters.
2. Classification of organisms on the basis of fossils record that play important role in elucidation of evolutionary
relationships is
(1) Earliest systems (2) Phylogenetic systems (3) Morphotaxonomy (4) Artificial system
Sol. Answer (2)
Phylogenetic system plays important role in elucidation of evolutionary relationships.
3. DNA sequence is the basis of grouping organisms in
(1) Karyotaxonomy (2) Cytotaxonomy (3) Phenetics (4) Chemotaxonomy
Sol. Answer (4)
Chemotaxonomy involves grouping of organisms on the basis of :
DNA sequence
RNA sequence
Chemical nature of protein etc.
(Algae)
4. Plants which are not differentiated into roots, stems and leaves are
(1) Algae (2) Gymnosperms (3) Pteridophytes (4) Angiosperms
Sol. Answer (1)
Algae are thallophytes.
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21. The development of young embryos of pteridophytes within the female gametophytes is a precursor to the
(1) Aquatic habit (2) Autotrophic habit (3) Seed habit (4) Parasitic habit
Sol. Answer (3)
Young embryos of pteridophytes within the female gametophyte – precursor to the seed habit.
22. Which of the following possess vascular tissues but lacks seeds?
(1) Mosses (2) Volvox (3) Ferns (4) Liverworts
Sol. Answer (3)
Pteridophytes possess vascular tissues but lacks seeds. e.g., Ferns
23. The main plant body is differentiated into true root, stem and leaves in
(1) Green algae (2) Bryophytes (3) Blue green algae (4) Pteridophytes
Sol. Answer (4)
The main plant body is corprophytes differentiated into true root, stem and leaves. They are pteridophytes,
gymnosperm and angiosperm.
24. Evolutionarily, the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues are
(1) Green algae (2) Pteridophytes (3) Brown algae (4) Bryophytes
Sol. Answer (2)
Pteridophytes, first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues.
25. In pteridophytes, fusion of gametes takes place in
(1) External medium (2) Antheridium (3) Sporangium (4) Archegonium
Sol. Answer (4)
In pteridophytes, fusion of gametes takes place in archegonium.
(Gymnosperms)
26. The first seeded plants are the
(1) Bryophytes (2) Gymnosperms (3) Algae (4) Pteridophytes
Sol. Answer (2)
Gymnosperms are first seeded plants.
27. Gymnosperms have
(1) Tap root system (2) Seeds enclosed within the fruit
(3) Rhizoids (4) Branched stems always
Sol. Answer (1)
Gymnosperms have tap root system.
28. Which of the following has both the male and female cones on same plant body?
(1) Cycas (2) Ginkgo (3) Eucalyptus (4) Pinus
Sol. Answer (4)
Pinus is monoecious.
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29. Which of the following plants possess naked seeds?
(1) Bryophytes (2) Gymnosperms (3) Pteridophytes (4) Angiosperms
Sol. Answer (2)
Gymnosperms (Naked seeds)
30. The megaspore mother cell is differentiated from one of the cells of the
(1) Nucellus (2) Pollen grain (3) Microsporangia (4) Both (2) & (3)
Sol. Answer (1)
Source of megaspore mother cell is nucellus.
(Angiosperms)
34. In angiosperms the sporophylls are organised into
(1) Seeds (2) Fruits (3) Flowers (4) Seed coats
Sol. Answer (3)
In angiosperms the sporophylls are organised into flowers.
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37. Fusion of a male gamete with the secondary nucleus forms the
(1) Zygote (2) Embryo (3) Seed (4) Endosperm
Sol. Answer (4)
Triple fusion – Fusion of a male gamete with secondary nucleus, forms the endosperm.
38. In angiosperms the female gametophyte is also known as
(1) Nucellus (2) Embryo sac (3) Endosperm (4) Stigma
Sol. Answer (2)
In angiosperms, female gametophyte is also known as embryo sac.
39. An event unique to angiosperms is
(1) Double fertilisation (2) Sexual reproduction
(3) Pollination (4) Spore formation
Sol. Answer (1)
Double fertilization is an event unique to angiosperms.
40. _______ functions as landing platform for the pollen grains in flowering plants.
(1) Style (2) Stigma (3) Ovary (4) Ovules
Sol. Answer (2)
Stigma – Landing platform for the pollen grains.
41. Which of the following cells of embryo sac degenerate after fertilisation in angiosperms?
(1) Synergids (2) Polar nuclei (3) Antipodal cells (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
Cells of embryo sac degenerate after fertilisation in angiosperms are Synergids and Antipodal cells.
42. In angiosperms, the megaspore develops into
(1) Pollen grain (2) Embryo sac (3) Stigma (4) Ovary
Sol. Answer (2)
In angiosperms, the megasopre develops into embryo sac.
43. The germination of pollen grain results in the formation of
(1) Primary endosperm nucleus (2) Embryo
(3) Pollen tube (4) Polar nuclei
Sol. Answer (3)
The germination of pollen grain results in the formation of pollen tube.
44. Eucalyptus is different from Cedrus in the presence of
(1) Syngamy (2) Seeds (3) Archegonia (4) Triple fusion
Sol. Answer (4)
Eucalyptus is angiosperm, have triple fusion.
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45. Cotyledons are
Banana – Monocot
Eucalyptus :
Angiosperm
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
(3) Based on corolla and carpels characters (4) Both (1) & (2)
– Artificial system
(1) Classification of taxa based on actual examination (2) Artificial system of classification
(Algae)
Red algae has floridean starch as reserve food and they are nonflagellate in nature.
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6. 100 zygospores, alternate with empty cells in Spirogyra are under ______ conjugation and the total number
of daughter filaments formed will be ______
(1) Scalariform, 400 (2) Lateral, 100 (3) Lateral, 400 (4) Scalariform, 100
Sol. Answer (2)
Meiosis
1 zygospore 4 nuclei 3 degenerate
One new individual
1 germ tube
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12. The female sex organ in red algae is flask-shaped and is known as
(1) Trichogyne (2) Carpogonium (3) Spermatium (4) Archegonium
Sol. Answer (2)
The female sex organ in red algae is flask-shaped and is known as carpogonium.
13. Some characters of algae are given below
a. Floridean starch
b. Sulphated phycocolloids in cell wall
c. Alginic acid
d. Trumpet hypha
e. Haplodiplontic life cycle
f. Isomorphic alternation of generation
g. Fucoxanthin
h. Phycoerythrin
i. Zygotic meiosis
j. Two anterior flagella
Which of the given set of characters belongs to Laminaria?
(1) a, b, e, f, h (2) c, d, e, g (3) b, c, d, e, f, g, i (4) c, d, e, f, g, i
Sol. Answer (2)
Characters belong to brown algae are
– Alginic acid
– Trumpet hyphae
– Haplodiplontic life cycle
– Fucoxanthin
(Bryophytes)
14. Bryophytes are not characterised by
(1) Sporophyte parasitic over gametophyte (2) Independent gametophyte
(3) Absence of vascular tissues (4) Independent sporophyte
Sol. Answer (4)
Bryophytes – Independent sporophytes absent
15. Stems and leaves of bryophytes are
(1) Analogous to vascular plants (2) Homologous to vascular plants
(3) Analogous to algae & fungal thallus (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Stem and leaves of bryophytes are analogous to vascular plants
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16. Non-vascular embryophyte with leaves is
(1) Riccia (2) Porella (3) Selaginella (4) Macrocystis
Sol. Answer (2)
Non-vascular embryophyte with leaves is Porella.
17. Find set of features related to Funaria
a. Protonema b. Prothallus
c. Gametophore d. Prostate thallus body
e. NCC in antheridium f. Haplodiplontic
g. True plant organs in sporophyte
h. Fragmentation
(1) b, d, e, g (2) a, d, f, g (3) a, c, f, g, h (4) a, c, f, h
Sol. Answer (4)
Features of Funaria
– Protonema
– Gametophore
– Haplodiplontic
– Fragmentation
18. In Funaria, 20 chromosomes are present in rhizoids, then the number of chromosome in calyptra, theca and
foot will be
(1) 20, 40, 40 respectively (2) 40, 20, 20 respectively
(3) 20, 40, 20 respectively (4) 40, 10, 20 respectively
Sol. Answer (1)
In Funaria,rhizoids (n) = 20
Calyptra (n) = 20
Theca (2n) = 40
Foot (2n) = 40
19. Identify the plants A and B in the figures given below
(Pteridophytes)
20. Algae, bryophytes and pteridophytes resemble with each other in which one of the following feature?
(1) Gametophytic plant body
(2) Dependence on water for fertilisation
(3) Haplontic alternation of generation
(4) Presence of embryo
Sol. Answer (2)
Algae, bryophytes and pteridophytes resemble in dependence on water for fertilisation.
21. Find correct statement for the prothallus of fern
(1) Monoecious, protandrous with multicellular rhizoides
(2) Monoecious, protandrous with unicellular rhizoides
(3) Dioecious, with unicellular rhizoides
(4) Monoecious, protandrous with apical antheredia and basal archegonia on ventral surface
Sol. Answer (2)
Prothallus of fern is monoecious andprotandrous with unicellular rhizoids
22. The dominant photosynthetic phase in the life cycle of pteridophyta is equivalent to the
(1) Gametophytic phase of bryophyta
(2) Sporophytic phase of bryophyta
(3) Gametophytic phase of pteridophytes
(4) Gametophytic phase of gymnosperm
Sol. Answer (1)
The dominant photosynthetic phase in the life cycle of pteridophyta is equivalent to the gametic phase of
bryophyta.
23. In Pteridophytes, reduction division occurs when
(1) Prothallus is formed (2) Sex organs are formed
(3) Spores are formed (4) Gametes are formed
Sol. Answer (3)
In pteridophytes, sporogenic meiosis occurs.
24. The evolutionary advanced features of Selaginella are
(a) Heterospory
(b) Endosporic development of gametophyte
(c) Reduced gametophyte
(d) Localization of sporangium bearing appendages in strobili
(e) Unisexual gametophytes
(f) Fertilization with the help of water
(1) All are correct (2) All except (f) is correct
(3) All except (e) and (f) are correct (4) All except (c) is correct
Sol. Answer (2)
Fertilization with the help of water is not the evolutionary advanced features of Selaginella.
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25. How many structures listed below are diploid for a typical fern member?
a. Indusium cell b. Stomium cell
c. NCC d. Rhizome cell
e. Sporophyll cell f. Prothallus cell
g. SMC h. Spore
i. Antherozoid mother cell
(1) Nine (2) Six (3) Five (4) Seven
Sol. Answer (3)
Diploid structures of fern (typical)
26. Mark the correct statement for the organism given below in figure.
(Gymnosperms)
27. Member of plantae having endospermic, perispermic, polycotyledonous and winged seeds is also related to
(1) Sulphur shower (2) Largest ovule (3) Double fertilization (4) Placentation
Sol. Answer (1)
Pinus seeds are
– Endospermic
– Perispermic
– Polycotyledonous
– Winged seeds
– Pollen dispersal (sulpher shower)
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(Angiosperms)
33. Flowering plants are more successful than other members of the plant world because
(1) They are large and have a good vascular tissue system
(2) They carry out variety of pollination mechanism
(3) The protected plant embryo can survive in the period of unfavourable conditions
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Flowering plants are more successful
Large and have a good vascular system
Variety of pollination
Embryo can survive in the period of unfavourable conditions
A
(2n)
D
)
(2n
B
Syng
amy
Haplo-diplontic
C Spores
(n)
Gametophyte
(n)
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SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
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(1) Thick-walled tracheids (2) Xylem fibres (3) Cambium (4) Phloem fibres
20. Which one of the following is common to multicellular fungi, filamentous algae and protonema of mosses?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
21. Cycas and Adiantum resemble each other in having [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
23. Read the following five statements (A-E) and answer as asked next to them
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24. Selaginella and Salvinia are considered to represent a significant step toward evolution of seed habit because
[AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) Megaspores possess endosperm and embryo surrounded by seed coat
(2) Embryo develops in female gametophyte which is retained on parent sporophyte
(3) Female gametophyte is free and gets dispersed like seeds
(4) Female gametophyte lacks archegonia
Sol. Answer (2)
Evolution of seed habit in pteridophytes
– embryo develops in female gametophyte which is retained on parent sporophyte.
25. Examine the figure given below and select the right option giving all the four parts (a, b, c, d) correctly identified
[AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
b
c
d
(1) a – Seta (2) a – Antheridiophore
b – Sporophyte b – Male thallus
c – Protonema c – Globule
d – Rhizoids d – Roots
(3) a – Archegoniophore (4) a – Archegoniophore
b – Female thallus b – Female thallus
c – Gemmacup c – Bud
d – Rhizoids d – Foot
Sol. Answer (3)
26. Consider the following four statements whether they are correct or wrong?
(A) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses
(B) Salvinia is heterosporous
(C) The life–cycle in all seed bearing plants is diplontic
(D) In Pinus, male and female cones are borne on different trees
The two wrong statements together are [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) (B) and (C) (2) (A) and (B) (3) (A) and (C) (4) (A) and (D)
Sol. Answer (4)
Sporophyte in liverwort is less elaborate than mosses
Pinus is monoecious, male and female cones are borne on same tree.
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27. Archegoniophore is present in : [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Funaria (2) Marchantia (3) Chara (4) Adiantum
Sol. Answer (2)
Archegoniophore is present in Marchantia
28. The gametophyte is not an independent, free - living generation in: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Pinus (2) Polytrichum (3) Adiantum (4) Marchantia
Sol. Answer (1)
Gametophyte is not independent and free living.
– Gymnosperms & Angiosperms
29. Compared with the gametophytes of the bryophytes, the gametophytes of vascular plants tend to be
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) Smaller and to have smaller sex organs (2) Smaller but to have larger sex organs
(3) Larger but to have smaller sex organs (4) Larger and to have larger sex organs
Sol. Answer (1)
Gametophytes of vascular plants – Smaller and have smaller sex organs
30. Which one of the following is monoecious ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) Marchantia (2) Cycas (3) Pinus (4) Date palm
Sol. Answer (3)
31. Male and female gametophytes are independent and free-living in [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Sphagnum (2) Mustard (3) Castor (4) Pinus
Sol. Answer (1)
Sphagnum
– Bryophytes
– Male and female gametophytes are independent and free living.
32. Examine the figures A, B, C and D. In which one of the four options all the items A, B, C and D are correct?
[AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
A. B. C. D.
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A B C D
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43. Flagellated male gametes are present in all the three of which one of the following sets?
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Riccia, Dryopteris and Cycas (2) Anthoceros, Funaria and Spirogyra
(3) Zygnema, Saprolegnia and Hydrilla (4) Fucus, Marsilea and Calotropis
Sol. Answer (1)
Riccia, Dryopteris and Cycas – Flagellated male gametes
44. In gymnosperms, the pollen chamber represents: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) The microsporangium in which pollen grains develop
(2) A cell in the pollen grain in which the sperms formed
(3) A cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after pollination
(4) An opening in the mega gametophyte through which the pollen tube approaches the egg
Sol. Answer (3)
In gymnosperms, pollen chamber represents a cavity in the ovule in which pollen grains are stored after
pollination.
45. Spore dissemination in some liverworts is aided by: [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) Peristome teeth (2) Elaters (3) Indusium (4) Calyptra
Sol. Answer (2)
Spore dispersal
(a) Elater - Liverwort e.g., Marchantia
(b) Peristome teeth - Moss e.g., Funaria
(c) Pseudoelaters - Hornworts e.g., Anthoceros
46. Moss peat is used as a packing material for sending flowers and live plants to distant places because :
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) It is easily available
(2) It is hygroscopic
(3) It reduces transpiration
(4) It serves as a disinfectant
Sol. Answer (2)
Moss peat Sphagnum and Hygroscopic
47. Conifers differ from grasses in the : [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Production of seeds from ovules
(2) Lack of xylem tracheids
(3) Absence of pollen tubes
(4) Formation of endosperm before fertilization
Sol. Answer (4)
Conifers differ from grasses in the formation of endosperm before fertilization
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48. In a moss, the sporophyte [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]
(1) Is partially parasitic on the gametophyte
(2) Produces gametes that give rise to the gametophyte
(3) Arises from a spore produced from the gametophyte
(4) Manufactures food for itself, as well as for the gametophyte
Sol. Answer (1)
49. Match items in column-I with those in column-II
Column-I Column-II
a. Peritrichous flagellation (i) Ginkgo
b. Living fossil (ii) Macrocystes
c. Rhizophore (iii) Escherichia coli
d. Smallest flowering plant (iv) Selaginella
e. Largest perennial alga (v) Wolffia
Select the correct answer from the following : [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) a(ii),b(i), c(iii), d(iv), e(v) (2) a(v), b(iii), c(ii), d(v), e(i)
(3) a(i), b(ii), c(v), d(iii), e(ii) (4) a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(v), e(ii)
Sol. Answer (4)
(a) Peritrichous flagella - E.coli
(b) Living fossils - Ginkgo
(c) Rhizophore - Selaginella
(d) Smallest flowering plant - Wolfia
(e) Largest perenial algae - Macrocystis
(Brown algae kelp)
50. Ectophloic siphonostele is found in : [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Adiantum and Cucurbitaceae (2) Osmunda and Equisetum
(3) Marsilea and Botrychium (4) Dicksonia and maiden hair fern
Sol. Answer (2)
Ectophloic siphonostele – Osmunda & Equisetum
51. Top-shaped multiciliate male gametes and the mature seed which bears only one embryo with two cotyledons,
are characteristic features of : [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Polypetalous angiosperms (2) Gamopetalous angiosperms
(3) Conifers (4) Cycads
Sol. Answer (4)
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(1) Engler & Prantl (2) Bentham & Hooker (3) Bessey (4) Hutchinson
55. According to which phylogenetic system, dicots are advanced with sympetalae conditions?
(1) Bentham & Hooker’s (2) Engler & Prantl (3) Hutchinson (4) Takhtajan
Phylogenetic system
(1) The ancestral lineage of existing organisms (2) Observable characteristics of existing organisms
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58. In chlorophyceae, the mode of sexual reproduction is
(1) Isogamy (2) Anisogamy (3) Oogamy (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Green algae
Isogamy
Anisogamy All are present
Oogamy
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70. Bryophytes comprise
(1) Dominant phase of gametophyte which produces spores
(2) Small sporophyte phase and generally parasitic on gametophyte
(3) Sporophyte is of longer duration
(4) Dominant phase of sporophyte which is parasitic
Sol. Answer (2)
Bryophytes
– Small sporophytic phase
– Generally parasitic on gametophyte
71. The antherozoids of Funaria are
(1) Multiciliated (2) Monociliated (3) Aciliated (4) Biciliated
Sol. Answer (4)
The antherozoids of Funaria are biciliated
72. The plant body of moss (Funaria) is
(1) Completely sporophyte (2) Predominantly gametophyte with sporophyte
(3) Completely gametophyte (4) Predominantly sporophyte with gametophyte
Sol. Answer (2)
Funaria – Sporophyte is partial parasitic on gametophytes
73. Which of the following is true about bryophytes?
(1) They are thalloid (2) They possess archegonia
(3) They contain chloroplast (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Bryophytes
– Thalloid
– Posses archegonia
– Contain chloroplast
74. Multicellular branched rhizoids and leafy gametophytes are the characteristics of
(1) Some bryophytes (2) Pteridophytes (3) All bryophytes (4) Gymnosperms
Sol. Answer (1)
Multicellular branched rhizoids and leafy.
75. Elater for spore dispersal mechanism is exhibited by
(1) Liverworts (2) Marchantia (3) Riccia (4) Funaria
Sol. Answer (2)
Spore dispersal in Marchantia – Elater
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82. Which one of the following is a vascular cryptogam?
(1) Cedrus (2) Equisetum (3) Ginkgo (4) Marchantia
Sol. Answer (2)
Vascular cryptogam – Pteridophytes e.g., Equisetum
83. Heterospory and seed habit are often exhibited by a plant possessing
(1) Petiole (2) Ligule (3) Bract (4) Spathe
Sol. Answer (2)
Heterospory and seed habit plants also possess - Ligule.
84. What is common in all the three, Funaria, Dryopteris and Ginkgo?
(1) Independent sporophyte (2) Presence of archegonia
(3) Well developed vascular tissues (4) Independent gametophyte
Sol. Answer (2)
Funaria - Bryophytes - Archegonia
Drypteris - Pteridophytes - Archegonia
Ginkgo - Gymnosperm (Primitive) - Archegonia
85. In Pinus, the wing of the seed develops from
(1) Ovuliferous scale (2) Integument (3) Nucellus (4) Bract
Sol. Answer (1)
In Pinus, the wing of the seed develops from ovuliferous scale.
86. The smallest plant group gymnosperm has how many species?
(1) 640 (2) 300 (3) 1000 (4) 900
Sol. Answer (4)
Gymnosperms have 900 species.
87. Which one of the following statements about Cycas is incorrect?
(1) It has circinate vernation
(2) Its xylem is mainly composed of xylem vessel
(3) Its roots contain blue-green algae
(4) It does not have a well organized female flower
Sol. Answer (2)
Vessel element is absent in Cycas.
88. Largest sperms in the plants world are found in
(1) Banyan (2) Cycas (3) Thuja (4) Pinus
Sol. Answer (2)
Largest sperms in the plants world – Cycas
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158 Plant Kingdom Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : Thallophytes are non-vascular, non-archegoniate and non-cormophytic plants.
R : Thallophytes lack vascular bundles, archegonia and differentiated plant body.
Sol. Answer (1)
Assertion and Reason both are correct and reason has correct explanation.
2. A : Funaria archegonium has maximum concentration of sucrose at the tip of neck.
R : Male gametes show chemotropic movement.
Sol. Answer (3)
Male gametes show chemotactic movement
3. A : Pyrenoids may or may not be surrounded by a sheath of starch plates in algae.
R : In higher plants, these are replaced by amyloplasts.
Sol. Answer (2)
Assertion and Reason both are correct.
4. A : Seeds are formed by some species of spike moss.
R : All conditions for seed habit are fulfilled by these species of spike moss.
Sol. Answer (4)
Seeds are not formed in pteridophytes
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160 Plant Kingdom Solutions of Assignment (Set-2)
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