Modernization Theory: Reported By: Sanson, Mark Cloie G. BSN 1-F
Modernization Theory: Reported By: Sanson, Mark Cloie G. BSN 1-F
Modernization Theory: Reported By: Sanson, Mark Cloie G. BSN 1-F
In the late 1940s, modernization theory was developed, which aimed to provide a
specifically non-communist solution to poverty in the developing world – Its aim
was to spread an industrialized, capitalist model of development through the
promotion of Western, democratic values.
Since the 1950s, it has been one of the most important viewpoints in the
sociology of national growth and underdevelopment.
Industrial
Refers to production taking place in factories rather than in the home or
small workshops; large scale of production.
Capitalism
A system where private money is invested in industry in order to make a
profit and goods are produced are for sale in the market place rather than
for private consumption.
BARRIERS TO
DEVELOPMENT
WHAT PREVENTS DEVELOPMENT?
According to Modernization Theorists, obstacles to development are
internal to poorer countries. In other words, undeveloped countries are
underdeveloped because they have the wrong cultural and social systems
and the wrong values and practices that prevent development from
taking place.
Particularism
Where people are allocated into roles based on their affective or familial
relationship to those already in positions power.
Example: Head of a company gives their brother or someone they know a job
simply because they are close to them, rather than employing someone
based on their individual talent.
BARRIERS TO DEVELOPMENT:
Collectivism
Where individual is expected to put the group (family or
someone they know) before self-interest.
This mean that children are expected to leave school at a
younger age in order to care for elderly parents or
grandparents rather than staying in school and furthering
their education.
BARRIERS TO DEVELOPMENT:
Patriarchy
Patriarchal structures are more entrenched in less developed countries, and
so women are less likely to gain positions of political or economic power, and
remain in traditional, housewife roles.
This means that half of the population is blocked from contributing to the
political and economic development of the country.
Individualism
The opposite of collectivism
Where individuals put themselves first rather than the family or village/clan.
This frees individuals up to leave families/villages and use their talents to
better themselves.
CULTURAL VALUES:
Universalism
Involves applying the same standards to everyone, and judging everyone
according to the same standards.
Opposite of particularism, where people are judged differently based on
their relationship to the person doing the judging.