Best Approach: Complex Number (Sheet)

Best Approach
Complex Number
(Sheet)
By Mathematics Wizard
Manoj Chauhan Sir (IIT Delhi)
No. 1 Faculty of Unacademy,
Exp. More than 13 Years in
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ (MC SIR) Complex Number
KEY CONCEPTS
1. DEFINITION :
Complex numbers are definited as expressions of the form a + ib where a, b R & i = 1 . It is
denoted by z i.e. z = a + ib. ‘a’ is called as real part of z (Re z) and ‘b’ is called as imaginary part of
z (Im z).
EVERY COMPLEX NUMBER CAN BE REGARDED AS

Purely real Purely imaginary Imaginary

if b = 0 if a = 0 if b  0
Note :
(a) The set R of real numbers is a proper subset of the Complex Numbers. Hence the Complete Number
system is N  W  I  Q  R  C.
(b) Zero is both purely real as well as purely imaginary but not imaginary.
(c) i = 1 is called the imaginary unit. Also i² =  l ; i3 = i ; i4 = 1 etc.
(d) a b = a b only if atleast one of either a or b is non-negative.
2. CONJUGATE COMPLEX :
If z = a + ib then its conjugate complex is obtained by changing the sign of its imaginary part &
is denoted by z . i.e. z = a  ib.
Note that :
(i) z + z = 2 Re(z) (ii) z  z = 2i Im(z) (iii) z z = a² + b² which is real
(iv) If z lies in the 1 quadrant then z lies in the 4 quadrant and  z lies in the 2nd quadrant.
st th
3. ALGEBRAIC OPERATIONS :
The algebraic operations on complex numbers are similiar to those on real numbers treating i as a
polynomial. Inequalities in complex numbers are not defined. There is no validity if we say that complex
number is positive or negative.
e.g. z > 0, 4 + 2i < 2 + 4 i are meaningless .
However in real numbers if a2 + b2 = 0 then a = 0 = b but in complex numbers,
z12 + z22 = 0 does not imply z1 = z2 = 0.
4. EQUALITY IN COMPLEX NUMBER :
Two complex numbers z1 = a1 + ib1 & z2 = a2 + ib2 are equal if and only if their real & imaginary
parts coincide.
5. REPRESENTATION OF A COMPLEX NUMBER IN VARIOUS FORMS :
(a) Cartesian Form (Geometric Representation) :
Every complex number z = x + i y can be represented by a point on
the cartesian plane known as complex plane (Argand diagram) by the
ordered pair (x, y).
length OP is called modulus of the complex number denoted by z &
 is called the argument or amplitude .
eg. z = x 2  y 2 & 
y
 = tan1 (angle made by OP with positive xaxis)
x
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NOTE :
 z if z  0
(i) z is always non negative . Unlike real numbers z =  is not correct
 z if z  0
(ii) Argument of a complex number is a many valued function . If  is the argument of a complex number
then 2 n+  ; n  I will also be the argument of that complex number. Any two arguments of a
complex number differ by 2n.
(iii) The unique value of  such that –  <   is called the principal value of the argument.
(iv) Unless otherwise stated, amp z implies principal value of the argument.
(v) By specifying the modulus & argument a complex number is defined completely. For the complex number
0 + 0 i the argument is not defined and this is the only complex number which is given by its modulus.
(vi) There exists a one-one correspondence between the points of the plane and the members of the set of
complex numbers.
(b) Trignometric / Polar Representation :
z = r (cos  + i sin ) where | z | = r ; arg z =  ; z = r (cos  i sin )
Note: cos  + i sin  is also written as CiS .
eix  e ix eix  e ix
Also cos x = & sin x = are known as Euler's identities.
2 2
(c) Exponential Representation :
z = rei ; | z | = r ; arg z =  ; z = re i
6. IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATE / MODULI / AMPLITUDE :

If z , z1 , z2  C then ;
(a) z + z = 2 Re (z) ; z  z = 2 i Im (z) ; ( z ) = z ; z1  z 2 = z1 + z 2 ;
 z1  z
z1  z 2 = z1  z 2 ; z1 z 2 = z1 . z 2   = 1 ; z2  0
 z2  z2
2
(b) | z |  0 ; | z |  Re (z) ; | z |  Im (z) ; | z | = | z | = | – z | ; z z = | z | ;
z1 | z1 |
 z1 z2  =  z1 | .  z2  ; = , z2  0 , | zn | = | z |n ;
z2 | z2 |
| z1 + z2 |2 + | z1 – z2 |2 = 2 [| z1 |2  | z 2 |2 ]
z1 z2  z1 + z2  z1+ z2 [ TRIANGLE INEQUALITY ]
(c) (i) amp (z1 . z2) = amp z1 + amp z2 + 2 k. k  I
z 
(ii) amp  1  = amp z1  amp z2 + 2 k; k  I
 z2 
(iii) amp(zn) = n amp(z) + 2k .
where proper value of k must be chosen so that RHS lies in (, ].
(7) VECTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF A COMPLEX :
Every complex number can be considered as if it is the position vector of that point. If the point P
 
represents the complex number z then, OP = z &  OP  = z
NOTE :
   
(i) If OP = z = r ei  then OQ = z1 = r ei ( + ) = z . e i. If OP and OQ are
 
of unequal magnitude then OQ  OP e i
(ii) If A, B, C & D are four points representing the complex numbers
z1, z2 , z3 & z4 then
z z
AB  CD if 4 3 is purely real ;
z 2  z1
z 4  z3
AB  CD if z  z is purely imaginary ]
2 1
(iii) If z1, z2, z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle where z0 is its circumcentre then
(a) z 12 + z 22 + z 23  z1 z2  z2 z3  z3 z1 = 0 (b) z 12 + z 22 + z 23 = 3 z 20
8. DEMOIVRE’S THEOREM :
Statement : cos n  + i sin n  is the value or one of the values of (cos + i sin )n ¥ n  Q. The
theorem is very useful in determining the roots of any complex quantity
Note : Continued product of the roots of a complex quantity should be determined
using theory of equations.
9. CUBE ROOT OF UNITY :

 1 i 3  1 i 3
(i) The cube roots of unity are 1 , , .
2 2
(ii) If w is one of the imaginary cube roots of unity then 1 + w + w² = 0. In general
1 + wr + w2r = 0 ; where r  I but is not the multiple of 3.
(iii) In polar form the cube roots of unity are :
2 2 4 4
cos 0 + i sin 0 ; cos + i sin , cos + i sin
3 3 3 3
(iv) The three cube roots of unity when plotted on the argand plane constitute the verties of an equilateral triangle.
(v) The following factorisation should be remembered :
(a, b, c  R &  is the cube root of unity)
3 3
a  b = (a  b) (a  b) (a  ²b) ; x2 + x + 1 = (x  ) (x  2) ;
3 3
a + b = (a + b) (a + b) (a +  b) ; 2
a3 + b3 + c3  3abc = (a + b + c) (a + b + ²c) (a + ²b + c)
10. nth ROOTS OF UNITY :

If 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 ..... n  1 are the n , nth root of unity then :
(i) They are in G.P. with common ratio ei(2/n) &
(ii) 1p +  1p +  2p + .... + pn  1 = 0 if p is not an integral multiple of n
= n if p is an integral multiple of n
(iii) (1  1) (1  2) ...... (1  n  1) = n &
(1 + 1) (1 + 2) ....... (1 + n  1) = 0 if n is even and 1 if n is odd.
(iv) 1 . 1 . 2 . 3 ......... n  1 = 1 or 1 according as n is odd or even.
11. THE SUM OF THE FOLLOWING SERIES SHOULD BE REMEMBERED :
sin n 2  n 1
(i) cos  + cos 2  + cos 3  + ..... + cos n  = cos   
sin  2  2 
sin n 2  n  1 
(ii) sin  + sin 2  + sin 3  + ..... + sin n  = sin   
sin  2  2 
Note : If  = (2/n) then the sum of the above series vanishes.
12. STRAIGHT LINES & CIRCLES IN TERMS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS :

nz  mz 2
(A) If z1 & z2 are two complex numbers then the complex number z = 1 divides the joins of z1
mn
& z2 in the ratio m : n.
Note:
(i) If a , b , c are three real numbers such that az1 + bz2 + cz3 = 0 ;
where a + b + c = 0 and a,b,c are not all simultaneously zero, then the complex numbers z1 , z2 & z3
are collinear.
(ii) If the vertices A, B, C of a  represent the complex nos. z1, z2, z3 respectively, then :
z1  z 2  z 3
(a) Centroid of the  ABC = :
3
(b) Orthocentre of the  ABC =
a sec A z1  b sec Bz 2  c sec Cz3 z1 tan A  z 2 tan B  z 3 tan C
OR
a sec A  b sec B  c sec C tan A  tan B  tan C
(c) Incentre of the  ABC = (az1 + bz2 + cz3)  (a + b + c) .
(d) Circumcentre of the  ABC = :
(Z1 sin 2A + Z2 sin 2B + Z3 sin 2C)  (sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C) .
(B) amp(z) =  is a ray emanating from the origin inclined at an angle  to the x axis.
(C) z  a = z  b is the perpendicular bisector of the line joining a to b.
(D) The equation of a line joining z1 & z2 is given by ;
z = z1 + t (z1  z2) where t is a perameter.
(E) z = z1 (1 + it) where t is a real parameter is a line through the point z1 & perpendicular to oz1.
(F) The equation of a line passing through z1 & z2 can be expressed in the determinant form as
z z 1
z1 z1 1 = 0. This is also the condition for three complex numbers to be collinear..
z2 z2 1
(G) Complex equation of a straight line through two given points z1 & z2 can be written as
z z1  z 2   z z1  z 2   z1z 2  z1z 2  = 0, which on manipulating takes the form as  z   z  r = 0
where r is real and  is a non zero complex constant.
(H) The equation of circle having centre z0 & radius  is :
z  z0 =  or z z  z0 z  z 0 z + z 0 z0  ² = 0 which is of the form
zz  zz r = 0 , r is real centre  & radius  r .
Circle will be real if    r  0 .
(I) The equation of the circle described on the line segment joining z1 & z2 as diameter is :
z  z2 
(i) arg = ± or (z  z1) ( z  z 2) + (z  z2) ( z  z 1) = 0
z  z1 2
(J) Condition for four given points z1 , z2 , z3 & z4 to be concyclic is, the number
z 3  z1 z 4  z 2
. is real. Hence the equation of a circle through 3 non collinear points z1, z2 & z3 can be
z 3  z 2 z 4  z1
z  z 2  z 3  z1  z  z 2 z 3  z1  z  z 2 z3  z1 
taken as is real 
z  z1  z 3  z 2  z  z1 z3  z 2  = z  z1 z3  z 2 
13.(a) Reflection points for a straight line :
Two given points P & Q are the reflection points for a given straight line if the given line is the right
bisector of the segment PQ. Note that the two points denoted by the complex numbers z1 & z2 will be
the reflection points for the straight line  z   z  r  0 if and only if ;  z   z  r  0 , where r is
1 2
real and is non zero complex constant.
(b) Inverse points w.r.t. a circle :
Two points P & Q are said to be inverse w.r.t. a circle with centre 'O' and radius , if :
(i) the point O, P, Q are collinear and on the same side of O. (ii) OP . OQ = 2.
Note that the two points z1 & z2 will be the inverse points w.r.t. the circle
z z   z z  r 0 if and only if z1 z 2  z1 z 2  r 0 .
14. PTOLEMY’S THEOREM :

It states that the product of the lengths of the diagonals of a convex quadrilateral inscribed in
a circle is equal to the sum of the lengths of the two pairs of its opposite sides.
i.e. z1  z3 z2  z4 = z1  z2 z3  z4 + z1  z4 z2  z3.
15. LOGARITHM OF A COMPLEX QUANTITY :

1  
(i) Loge (+ i ) = Loge (² + ²) + i  2n  tan 1  where n  I.
2  
 
 2 n  
i  2
(ii) i represents a set of positive real numbers given by e , n  I.
SOLVED EXAMPLES
3 i a i
1. If  and a is a real number, then a is
2 a i
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) 2  3 (D)
2 3 24 3 2 3
3 i a i
Sol. The equation 
2 a i
implies that ( 3  i)(a  i)  2a  2i
that is , a( 3  2  i)  ( 3  2)i  1 .
Therefore
( 3  2)i  1 [( 3  2)i  1][( 3  2)  i]
a 
32i [( 3  2)  i] [( 3  2)  i]
(3  4)i  3  2  i  3  2 4 1
 = 
( 3  2) 2  1 84 3 2 3
3
2. If x  iy  then, x2 + y2 =
2  cos   i sin 
(A) 4x – 3 (B) 3x – 4 (C) 4x + 3 (D) 3x + 4
3 (2  cos   i sin ) 3 (2  cos )  i( 3sin )
Sol. x  iy  
(2  cos ) 2  sin 2  5  4 cos 
Comparing the real and imaginary parts we get
3(2  cos ) 3sin 
x , y 
5  4 cos  5  4 cos 
Squaring and adding values of x and y, we get
9(2  cos ) 2  9sin 2  9(5  4 cos ) 9
x 2  y2  2
 2

(5  4 cos ) (5  4 cos ) 5  4 cos 
12(2  cos ) 9
Also, 4x  3   3  5  4 cos 
5  4 cos 
Therefore,
x2 + y2 = 4x – 3
3. If a is a positive real number, z = a + 2i and z| z | – az + 1 = 0, then
(A) z is pure imaginary (B) a2 = 2
2
(C) a = 4 (D) no such complex number exists
Sol. z| z | – az + 1 = 0
2
(a  2i) a 2  4 = a(a  2i)  1 = a  1  2ai
This implies
2
a a 2  4  a 2  1 and 2 a  4  2a
which gives a2 = a2 – 1, which is absurd.
z 
4. If |z1 + z2 | = |z1 | + |z2| , then one of the values of arg  2  is .
 z1 

(A) 0 (B)  (C) (D) 3
2
Sol. If |z1 + z2 | = |z1 | + |z2| , then z1, z2 and origin are collinear and z1, z2 lie on same side to origin and hence
z  z 
arg  2   2n . Then 0 is one of the values of arg  2  .
 z1   z1 
5. Express the following complex numbers in polar and exponential form :
1  3i i 1
(i) (ii)
1  2i  
cos  i sin
3 3
1  3i 1  3i 1  2i
Sol.(i) Let z    1  i
1  2i 1  2i 1  2i
| z | = (1) 2  12  2
1  
tan  =  1  tan   
1 4 4
 Re(z) < 0 and Im(z) > 0  z lies in second quadrant.
 3
  = arg (z) =  –  =  – 
4 4
3 3
Hence Polar form is z = 2  cos  i sin 
 4 4 
3
i
4
and exponential form is z  2e
i 1 i 1 2(i  1)
(ii) Let z   
  1 i 3 (1  i 3)
cos  i sin 
3 3 2 2
2(i  1) (1  i 3)  3 1  3 1

 z   z     i  
(1  i 3) (1  i 3)  2   2 
 Re(z) > 0 and Im(z) > 0  z lies in first quadrant.
2 2
 3 1  3 1 2(3  1)
 | z |        2.
 2   2  4
3 1 5 5
tan  =  tan 
3 1 12 12
 5 5 
Hence Polar form is z = 2  cos  i sin 
 12 12 
5
i
and exponential form is z = 2e 12
(z  z1 ) 
6. Let z1 = 10 + 6i and z2 = 4 + 6i. If z is any complex number such that the argument of is ,
(z  z 2 ) 4
then |z – 7 – 9i| is equal to
(A) 2 3 (B) 3 2 (C) 3 (D) 2
Sol. Let z = x + iy, x, y   . Then z – z1 = (x – 10) + i(y – 6) and z – z2 = (x – 4) + i(y – 6). Therefore
z  z1 (x  10)  i(y  6) [(x  10)  i(y  6)][(x  4)  i(y  6)]

 
z  z 2 (x  4)  i(y  6) (x  4) 2  (y  6) 2
Therefore,
z  z1 (x  10)(x  4)  (y  6)2
Real part of 
z  z2 (x  4) 2  (y  6)2
z  z1 (x  4)(x  6)  (y  10)(y  6)  6(y  6)

Imaginary part of 
z  z2 (x  4) 2  (y  6) 2 (x  4) 2  (y  6) 2
  z  z1  1  6(y  6) 
Now,  arg    tan  2
4  z  z2   (x  10)(x  4)  (y  6) 
Therefore
(x – 10) (x – 4) + (y – 6)2 = 6(y – 6)
x2 + y2 – 14x – 18y + 112 = 0
Now, |z – 7 – 9i|2 = (x – 7)2 + (y – 9)2
= x2 – 14x + y2 – 18y + 130
= –112 + 130 = 18
Therefore,
z  7  9i  18  3 2
7. If z1, z2 and z3 represent the vertices of a triangle whose circumcentre is at the origin, then the complex
number representing the orthocenter of the triangle is
1 1 1
(A) z  z  z (B) z1 + z2 + z3
1 2 3
1 1 1
(C) z z  z z  z z (D) z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1
1 2 2 3 3 1
Sol. It is known that every complex number can be represented by means of a vector in the Argand's plane.

If A and B represent the complex number z1 and z2, respectively, then the vector AB represents the
  
complex number z2 – z1. Correspondingly, if a, b, c are the position vectors of the points A(z1), B(z2),
C(z3), then the orthocenter of the triangle ABC is represented.
8. If z1, z2 and z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle and z0 be its orthocentre, then z12  z 22  z 32  kz 02 ,

where k is equal to
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 6 (D) 9
Sol. In an equilateral triangle, the circumcentre, the centroid and the orthocenter are one and the same point.
Therefore
z1  z 2  z 3
z0 
3
9z 02  z12  z 22  z 32  z(z1z 2  z 2 z 3  z 3 z1 )  3  z12  z 22  z 32 
[Since z12  z 22  z 32  z1z 2 ]

Therefore,
z12  z 22  z 32  3z 02 and k = 3
9. The continued product of all the four values of the complex number (1 + i)3/4 is
(A) 23(1 + i) (B) 2(1 – i) (C) 2(1 + i) (D) 23(1 – i)
  
Sol. Let z  1  i  2  cos  i sin 
 4 4
Therefore,
  3    3
z 3/ 4  23/8 cos  2k    i sin  2k   
  44  4  4
for k = 0, 1, 2, 3. The product of the values of this is equal to
   9 17  25  3  3/ 2  52 3 
23/ 2 cis       = 2 cis  4 · 4 
 4 4 4 4  4  
39 3/2  3 
 23/ 2 cis  2 cis  9  
4  4 
       
 23/ 2 cis 10    23/ 2 cos 10    i sin 10   
 4   4  4 
    1 i 
 23/ 2 cos  i sin   23/2   
 4 4  2 2
= 2 (1 – i)
z z
10. The number of complex numbers z satisfying the conditions       1 , |z| = 1 and arg z  (0, 2)
z z
is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 8
Sol. It is given that |z| = 1 which implies that z  cos   i sin , 0    2 :
z z
 1
z z
 2|cos 2| = 1
1 1
 cos 2  or cos 2 
2 2
1  5 7  11
Now, cos 2    , , ,
2 6 6 6 6
1  2  4  5
and cos 2    , , ,
2 3 3 3 3
1 1
11. The curve in the complex plane given by the equation Re    is a
z 4
(A) vertical line intersecting with the x-axis at (4, 0)
(B) a circle with radius 2 and centre at (2, 0)
(C) circle with unit radius
(D) straight line not passing through the origin
Sol. Let x = x + iy, where x and y are reals. Then
1 1  x  iy  1
Re     Re  2 
2 
z 4 x y  4
x 1
 2 2

x y 4
 2 2
x + y = 4x
 (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 = 22
This is the equation of the circle with radius 2 and centre at (2, 0).
a b c
12. Let z1, z2 and z3 be vertices of a triangle and |z1| = a, |z2| = b and |z3| = c such that b c a  0 .
c a b
   
Then arg  z 3   k arg  z3  z1  where k is
 z2   z 2  z1 
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
a b c
Sol. We have b c a  0
c a b
 3abc – a3 – b3 – c3 = 0
 a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 0
 (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca) = 0
1
 (a + b + c) ((a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2) = 0
2
Therefore (a – b)2 = 0 = (b – c)2 = (c – a)2 and hence
B(z2)
a = b = c (since a, b, c are positive). This implies that z1, z2
and z3 represent points on a circle with centre at the origin.
 A(z1)
Suppose A, B and C represent z1, z2 and z3 respectively,
described in counterclock sense (see figure.) If O
BAC = , then BOC = 2. In such case
z   z z 
arg  3   2  2 arg  3 1 
 z2   z 2  z1  C(z3)
1
Therefore k = 2
13. Let z1 and z2 be roots of the equation z2 + pz + q = 0, where p, q may be complex numbers. Let A and
B represent z1 and z2 in the complex plane. If AOB =  0 and OA = OB, where O is the origin, then
2 2 2 2
(A) p  4q cos   (B) p  4q sin  
2 2
2 2 
(C) p  4q cos   (D) q 2  4p sin 2  
2 2
Sol. z1 and z2 are roots of z2 + pz + q = 0. This implies z1 + z2 = –p and z1 z2 = q.
z 2  0 OB
Now,  (cos  + i sin ) y
z1  0 OA
Therefore, B(z2)
z2 A(z1)
 cos   i sin 
z1 
x
z 2  z1 O
 1  cos   i sin 
z1
This gives
2
   
(z 2  z1 )  z  2sin 2  2i sin cos 
2 2
1
 2 2 2
2 2
 2    
 z  2i sin 
1 cos 2  i sin 2 
 2
2 2 
 4z1 sin (cos   i sin  )
2
2 z2 2  2 
 4z1 z sin 2  4q sin
1 2
Hence, p2 = (z1 + z2)2 = (z1 – z2)2 + 4z1 z2
2 
 4q sin  4q
2
 2  2
 4q  1  sin   4q cos  
 2 2
14. Shaded region is given by –
C(1 + 3 3i)
c
A
–2 0 B(4)
 
(A) |z + 2|  6, 0  arg(z)  (B) |z + 2|  6, 0  arg(z + 2) 
6 3

(C) |z + 2| 6, 0 arg (z + 2)  (D) none of these
3
Sol. Note that AB = 6 and 1 + 3 3 i = –2 + 3 + 3 3 i
1 3    
= –2 + 6   i   2  6  cos  i sin 
2 2   3 3

 BAC =
3

Thus, shaded region is given by |z + 2|  6 and 0  arg (z + 2)  
3
15. If z1, z2, z3 are complex numbers such that 2  1  1 , show that the points represented by z1, z2, z3

z1 z 2 z 3
lie on a circle passing through the origin.
Sol.
z z
We have, 2  1  1  1  1  1  1  z 2  z1  1 3
z1 z 2 z 3 z1 z 2 z 3 z1 z1z 2 z1z 3
z 2  z1 z 2 O
 
z3  z1 z3 z2 
 z  z1   z 2 
 arg  2   arg   z3
 z3  z1   z3  
z1
 z  z1   z2 
 arg  2     arg  
 z3  z1   z3 
z3
     arg      
z2
Thus the sum of a pair of opposite angle of a quadrilateral is 180°.
Hence, the points 0, z1, z2 and z3 are the vertices of a cyclic quadrilateral i.e. lie on a circle.
16. If z  3  2i  4 , then the absolute difference between the maximum and minimum values of | z | is
(A) 2 11 (B) 3 11 (C) 2 13 (D) 3 13

Sol. Let C = 3 – 2i be the centre of the circle |z – 3 + 2i| = 4. Join the origin to C and let it meet the circle in
A and B (see figure).
Least value of | z | = OB
B
= CB – OC 3
O 2
2 2
= 4  3  2 C
= 4  13 A
Maximum value of | z |  OA  4  13
The absolute difference between the maximum and minimum values of |z| is 2 13 .
17. If cos  + cos  + cos  = 0 and also sin  + sin  + sin  = 0, then prove that
(a) cos 2 + cos 2 + cos 2 = sin 2 + sin 2 + sin 2 = 0
(b) sin 3 + sin 3 + sin 3 = 3sin()
(c) cos 3 + cos 3 + cos 3 = 3cos()
Sol.: Let z1 = cos  + i sin , z2 = cos  + i sin and z3 = cos  + i sin .
 z1 + z2 + z3 = (cos  + cos  + cos ) + i (sin  + sin  + sin ) = 0 + i . 0 = 0 ... (i)
1
(a) Also  (cos   i sin ) 1  cos   i sin 
z1
1 1
 cos   i sin ,.  cos   i sin 
z2 z3
1 1 1
    (cos   cos   cos  )  i(sin   sin   sin  ) …(ii)
z1 z 2 z3
= 0 – i . 0 = 0
2
Now z12  z 22  z 32   z1  z 2  z 3   2  z1 z 2  z 2 z 3  z 3 z1 
1 1 1
= 0 – 2z1z 2 z3      0  2z1 z 2 z3 .0  0 {using (i) and (ii)}
 z3 z1 z 2 
or (cos  + i sin )2 + (cos  + i sin )2 + (cos  + i sin )2 = 0
or cos 2 + i sin 2 + cos 2 + i sin 2 + cos 2 + i sin 2 = 0 + i.0
Equating real and imaginary parts on both sides,
cos 2 + cos 2 + cos 2 = 0 and sin 2 + sin 2 + sin 2 = 0
(b) If z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 then z13  z 32  z 33  3z1 z 2 z 3

 (cos  + i sin )3 + (cos  + i sin )3 + (cos  + i sin )3
= 3(cos  + i sin ) (cos  + i sin ) (cos  + i sin )
or cos 3 + i sin 3 + cos 3 + i sin 3 + cos 3 + i sin 3
= 3{cos( +  + ) + i sin ( +  + )}
Equating imaginary parts on both sides, sin 3 + sin 3 + sin 3 = 3sin()
(c) Equating real parts on both sides, cos 3 + cos 3 + cos 3 = 3cos()
18. If   1  i 3 and n is a positive integer which is not a multiple of 3, then  2n  2 n  n  22n 

(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 2
Sol. We have
  2n   n 
 2n  2 n  n  22n  2 2n       1
 2  2 
3
  1 i 3  
= 22n (w2n + wn + 1)     and    1
 2 2 2 2 
= 22n (0) = 0 (since 3 does not divide n)
 3  i 
19. Let z       . Then the smallest positive integer n such that (z95 + i67)94 = zn is
 2  2
(A) 12 (B) 10 (C) 9 (D) 8
Sol. From the hypothesis we have
3 i  1 i 3
z   i      iw
2 2  2 2 
 1   i 3 
where w       which is a cube root of unity..
 2   2 
Now, z95 = (iw)95 = –iw2 (since w3 = 1) and i67 = i3 = –i.
Therefore,
z95 + i67 = – i(1+ w2) = (–i) (–w) = iw
(z95 + i67)94 = (iw)94 = i2w = –w
Now, –w = zn = (iw)n
 in · wn – 1 = – 1
 n = 2, 6, 10, 14, ........ and n – 1 = 3, 6, 9, .......
Therefore n = 10 is the required least positive integer.
20. If , ,  are roots of x3 – 3x2 + 3x + 7 = 0 (and  is imaginary cube root of unity), then find the value
of   1    1    1 .
 1  1  1
Sol. We have x3 – 3x2 + 3x + 7 = 0
 (x – 1)3 + 8 = 0
 (x – 1)3 = (–2)3
3
 x 1
   1
 2 
x 1
 = (1)1/3 = 1, , 2 (cube roots of units)
2
 x = –1, 1 – 2, 1 – 22
Here  = –1, = 1 – 2,  = 1 – 22
  – 1 = –2, – 1 = –2,  – 1 = –22
2
Then
  1   1   1  2   2   2  1 1 2 2 2 2
    
       
  1   1   1  2   22   2   
 1  1  1
Therefore    32 .
 1  1  1
21. Let 'a' be a complex number such that | a | < 1 and z1, z2, ....... , zn be the vertices of a polygon such that
1 1
zk = 1+ a + a2 + .... ak, then show that vertices of the polygon lie within the circle z   .
1 a |1 a |
1  a k 1
Sol. We have, zk = 1 + a + a2 +……+ ak =
1 a
1 a k 1 1 |a|k 1 1
 zk  
1 a 1 a
 zk   
1 a |1 a | |1 a |
 | a |  1
1 1
 Vertices of the polygon z1, z2,.....,zn lie within the circle z  
1 a |1 a |
22. If z1 and z2 are two complex numbers and C > 0, then prove that |z1 + z2|2  (1 + C) |z1|2 + (1 + C–1)|z2|2.
Sol. We have to prove that : |z1 + z2|2  (1 + C) |z1|2 + (1 + C–1)|z2|2
i.e. |z1|2 + |z2|2 + z1 z2  z1 z 2  (1  C) |z1|2 + (1 + C–1)|z2|2
or z1 z2  z1 z 2  C | z1 |2  C 1 | z 2 |2
1
or C | z1 |2  | z 2 |2  z1 z2  z1 z 2  0 (using Re (z1 z2 )  z1 z2 )
C
2
 1 
or  C | z1 |  | z2 |   0 Which is always true.
 C 
23. Two given points P & Q are the reflection points w.r.t. a given straight
P z1
line if the given line is the right bisector of the segment PQ. Prove that
the two points denoted by the complex numbers z1 & z2 will be the
reflection points for the straight line z   z  r  0 if and only if ;
z1   z2  r  0 , where r is real and  is non zero complex constant. Q z2
Sol. Let P(z1) is the reflection point of Q(z2) then the perpendicular bisector of z1 & z2 must be the line
z   z  r  0 .....(i)
Now perpendicular bisector of z1 & z2 is, | z – z1 |= | z – z2 |
or (z  z1 )(z  z1 )  (z  z 2 )(z  z2 )
 zz1  z1 z  z1 z1   zz2  z 2 z  z 2 z2 ( zz cancels on either side)
or (z2  z1 ) z  (z 2  z1 ) z  z1 z1  z 2 z2  0 .....(ii)
Comparing (i) & (ii)
  r
  
z2  z1 z 2  z1 z1 z1  z 2 z2
    (z2  z1 ) .....(iii)
   (z 2  z1 ) .....(iv)
r  (z1 z1  z 2 z2 ) .....(v)
Multiplying (iii) by z1; (iv) by z2 and adding
 z1   z2  r  0
Note that we could also multiply (iii) by z2& (iv) by z1 & add to get the same result.
Hence  z1   z2  r  0
Again, let  z1   z2  r  0 is true w.r.t. the line  z   z  r  0
Subtracting (z  z1 )  (z  z2 )  0
or (z  z1 )    (z  z2 )
or z  z1  z  z 2  z  z 2
Hence ‘z’ lies on the perpendicular bisector of joins of z1 & z2.
DPP-1
1. The sequence S = i + 2i2 + 3i3 + ........ upto 100 terms simplifies to where i =  1 :
(A ) 50 (1  i) (B) 25i (C) 25 (1 + i) (D) 100 (1  i)
2. If z + z3 = 0 then which of the following must be true on the complex plane?
(A) Re(z) < 0 (B) Re(z) = 0 (C) Im(z) = 0 (D) z4 = 1
3. Number of integral values of n for which the quantity (n + i)4 where i2 = – 1, is an integer is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
4. Let i =  1 . The product of the real part of the roots of z2 – z = 5 – 5i is
(A) – 25 (B) – 6 (C) – 5 (D) 25
5. There is only one way to choose real numbers M and N such that when the polynomial
5x4 + 4x3 + 3x2 + Mx + N is divided by the polynomial x2 + 1, the remainder is 0. If M and N assume
these unique values, then M – N is
(A) – 6 (B) – 2 (C) 6 (D) 2
6. In the quadratic equation x2 + (p + iq) x + 3i = 0, p & q are real. If the sum of the squares of the roots
is 8 then
(A) p = 3, q =  1 (B) p = –3, q = –1 (C) p = ± 3, q = ± 1 (D) p =  3, q = 1
7. The complex number z satisfying z + | z | = 1 + 7i then the value of | z |2 equals
(A) 625 (B) 169 (C) 49 (D) 25
25
8. The figure formed by four points 1 + 0 i ;  1 + 0 i ; 3 + 4 i & on the argand plane is :
3  4i
(A) a parallelogram but not a rectangle (B) a trapezium which is not equilateral
(C) a cyclic quadrilateral (D) none of these
9. If z = (3 + 7i) (p + iq) where p, q  I – {0}, is purely imaginary then minimum value of | z |2 is
3364
(A) 0 (B) 58 (C) (D) 3364
3
10. Number of values of z (real or complex) simultaneously satisfying the system of equations
1 + z + z2 + z3 + .......... + z17 = 0 and 1 + z + z2 + z3 + .......... + z13 = 0 is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
x 3 y3
11. If + = i where x, y  R then
3i 3i
(A) x = 2 & y = – 8 (B) x = – 2 & y = 8 (C) x = – 2 & y = – 6 (D) x = 2 & y = 8
12. Number of complex numbers z satisfying z 3  z is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 5
13. If x = 91/3 91/9 91/27 ......ad inf 
y = 41/3 4–1/9 41/27 ...... ad inf and z =  (1 + i) – r
then , the argument of the complex number w = x + yz is r 1
 2  2  2 
(A) 0 (B)  – tan–1  
 3  (C) – tan–1  
 3  (D) – tan–1  
     3
14. Let z = 9 + bi where b is non zero real and i2 = – 1. If the imaginary part of z2 and z3 are equal, then b2
equals
(A) 261 (B) 225 (C) 125 (D) 361
One or more than one is/are correct
15. If the expression (1 + ir)3 is of the form of s(1 + i) for some real 's' where 'r' is also real and i =  1 ,
then the value of 'r' can be
  5
(A) cot (B) sec  (C) tan (D) tan
8 12 12
DPP-2
1. The digram shows several numbers in the complex plane. The circle is
the unit circle centered at the origin. One of these numbers is the reciprocal
of F, which is
(A) A (B) B
(C) C (D) D
1  iz
2. If z = x + iy &  = then = 1 implies that, in the complex plane :
zi
(A) z lies on the imaginary axis (B) z lies on the real axis
(C) z lies on the unit circle (D) none
3. On the complex plane locus of a point z satisfying the inequality
2  | z – 1 | < 3 denotes
(A) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 1 centered at (1, 0)
(B) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) excluding the inner and outer
boundaries.
(C) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) including the inner and outer
boundaries.
(D) region between the concentric circles of radii 3 and 2 centered at (1, 0) including the inner boundary
and excluding the outer boundary.
4. The complex number z satisfies z + | z | = 2 + 8i. The value of | z | is
(A) 10 (B) 13 (C) 17 (D) 23
5. Let Z1 = (8 + i)sin  + (7 + 4i)cos  and Z2 = (1 + 8i)sin  + (4 + 7i)cos  are two complex numbers.
If Z1 · Z2 = a + ib where a, b  R then the largest value of (a + b)    R, is
(A) 75 (B) 100 (C) 125 (D) 130
6. The locus of z, for arg z = –  3 is
(A) same as the locus of z for arg z = 2 3
(B) same as the locus of z for arg z =  3
(C) the part of the straight line 3 x  y = 0 with (y < 0, x > 0)
(D) the part of the straight line 3 x  y = 0 with (y > 0, x < 0)
7. If z1 & z1 represent adjacent vertices of a regular polygon of n sides with centre at the origin & if
Im z1
 2  1 then the value of n is equal to :
Re z1
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 24
8. If z1, z2 are two complex numbers & a, b are two real numbers then, az1  bz 2 2  bz1  az 2 2 =

(A) (a  b)2 z1  z 2
2 2
  2
(B) (a  b) z1  z 2
2


(C) a 2  b 2 z 1
2
 z2
2
 
(D) a 2  b 2 z 1
2
 z2
2

9. The value of e CiS(i)  CiS(i)  is equal to
1
(A) 0 (B) 1 – e (C) e – (D) e2 – 1
e
x
10. All real numbers x which satisfy the inequality 1  4i  2  5 where i =  1 , x  R are
(A) [ 2 , ) (B) (– , 2] (C) [0, ) (D) [–2, 0]
1 i 1 i 1 i
11. For Z1 = 6 ; Z2 = 6 ; Z3 = 6 which of the following holds good?
1 i 3 3 i 3 i
2 3
(A)  | Z1 |  (B) | Z1 |4 + | Z2 |4 = | Z3 |–8
2
(C)  | Z1 |3  | Z 2 |3  | Z3 |6 (D) | Z1 |4  | Z2 |4  | Z3 |8
12. Number of real or purely imaginary solution of the equation, z3 + i z  1 = 0 is :
(A) zero (B) one (C) two (D) three
13. A point 'z' moves on the curve z  4  3 i = 2 in an argand plane. The maximum and minimum values
of z are :
(A) 2, 1 (B) 6, 5 (C) 4, 3 (D) 7, 3
14. If z is a complex number satisfying the equation | z + i | + | z – i | = 8, on the complex plane then
maximum value of | z | is
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8
DPP-3
1. If z1 & z2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that z1 + z2 = z1 + z2, then Arg z1  Arg z2
is equal to:
(A)   (B)  /2 (C) 0 (D) /2
2. Let Z be a complex number satisfying the equation
(Z3 + 3)2 = – 16 then | Z | has the value equal to
(A) 5 1/2 (B) 51/3 (C) 52/3 (D) 5
3. Let i =  1 . Define a sequence of complex number by z1 = 0, zn + 1 = z 2n + i for n  1. In the complex

plane, how far from the origin is z111?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 110
4. The points representing the complex number z for which | z + 5 |2 – | z – 5 |2= 10 lie on
(A) a straight line (B) a circle
(C) a parabola (D) the bisector of the line joining (5 , 0) & ( 5 , 0)
1 3 i
5. If x = then the value of the expression, y = x4 – x2 + 6x – 4, equals
2
(A) – 1 + 2 3 i (B) 2 – 2 3 i (C) 2 + 2 3 i (D) none
6. Consider two complex numbers  and  as
2 2
 a  bi   a  bi  z 1
 =   +   , where a, b  R and  = , where | z | = 1, then
 a  bi   a  bi  z 1
(A) Both  and  are purely real (B) Both  and  are purely imaginary
(C)  is purely real and  is purely imaginary (D)  is purely real and  is purely imaginary
7. Let Z is complex satisfying the equation
z2 – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R. Suppose the equation has a real root.
The additive inverse of non real root, is
(A) 1 – i (B) 1 + i (C) – 1 – i (D) –2
8. The minimum value of 1 + z + 1  z where z is a complex number is :
(A) 2 (B) 3/2 (C) 1 (D) 0
334 365
 1 i 3  1 i 3
9. If i = 1 , then 4 + 5     + 3     is equal to
 2 2   2 2 
(A) 1  i 3 (B)  1 + i 3 (C) i 3 (D)  i 3
10. Let | z – 5 + 12 i |  1 and the least and greatest values of | z | are m and n and if l be the least positive
x 2  24 x  1
value of (x > 0), then l is
x
mn
(A) (B) m + n (C) m (D) n
2
z 1 i  2
11. The system of equations  where z is a complex number has :
Re z  1
(A) no solution (B) exactly one solution
(C) two distinct solutions (D) infinite solution
12. Let C1 and C2 are concentric circles of radius 1 and 8/3 respectively having centre at (3, 0) on the
 | z  3 |2 2 
argand plane. If the complex number z satisfies the inequality, log1/3   > 1 then :
 11| z  3 | 2 
 
(A) z lies outside C1 but inside C2 (B) z lies inside of both C1 and C2
(C) z lies outside both of C1 and C2 (D) none of these
13. Identify the incorrect statement.
(A) no non zero complex number z satisfies the equation, z =  4 z
(B) z = z implies that z is purely real
(C) z =  z implies that z is purely imaginary
(D) if z1, z2 are the roots of the quadratic equation az2 + bz + c = 0 such that Im (z1 z2)  0 then a, b, c
must be real numbers .
14. The equation of the radical axis of the two circles represented by the equations,
z  2 = 3 and z  2  3 i = 4 on the complex plane is :
(A) 3y + 1 = 0 (B) 3y  1 = 0 (C) 2y  1 = 0 (D) none
15. If z1 =  3 + 5i ; z2 = – 5 – 3i and z is a complex number lying on the line segment joining z1 & z2 then
arg z can be :
3   5
(A)  (B)  (C) (D)
4 4 6 6
16. Given z = f(x) + i g(x) where f, g : ( 0, 1)  (0, 1) are real valued functions then, which of the following
holds good?
1  1  1  1 
(A) z = + i   (B) z = + i  
1 ix  1  ix  1  ix  1  ix 
1  1  1  1 
(C) z = + i   (D) z = + i  
1  ix  1  ix  1 ix  1  ix 
a b
17. z1 = ; z2 = ; z3 = a – bi for a, b  R
1 i 2i
if z1 – z2 = 1 then the centroid of the triangle formed by the points z1 , z2 , z3 in the argand’s plane is
given by
1 1 1 1
(A) (1 + 7i) (B) ( 1 + 7i) (C) (1 – 3i) (D) (1 – 3i)
9 3 3 9
18. Consider the equation 10z2 – 3iz – k = 0, where z is a complex variable and i2 = – 1. Which of the
following statements is True ?
(A) For all real positive numbers k, both roots are pure imaginary.
(B) For negative real numbers k, both roots are pure imaginary.
(C) For all pure imaginary numbers k, both roots are real and irrational.
(D) For all complex numbers k, neither root is real.
z z
19. Number of complex numbers z such that | z | = 1 and  = 1 is
z z
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) more than 8
20. Number of ordered pairs(s) (a, b) of real numbers such that (a + ib)2008 = a – ib holds good, is
(A) 2008 (B) 2009 (C) 2010 (D) 1
DPP-4
1. Consider az2 + bz + c = 0, where a, b, c  R and 4ac > b2.
(i) If z1 and z2 are the roots of the equation given above, then which of the following complex numbers is
purely real ?
(A) z1z 2 (B) z1z 2 (C) z1 – z2 (D) (z1 – z2)i
OA
(ii) In the argand's plane, if A is the point representing z1, B is the point representing z2 and z = then
OB
(A) z is purely real (B) z is purely imaginary
(C) | z | = 1 (D)  AOB is a scalene triangle.
2. Let z be a complex number having the argument , 0 <  < /2 and satisfying the equality z  3i =
6
3. Then cot   is equal to :
z
(A) 1 (B)  1 (C) i (D)  i
1
3. If the complex number z satisfies the condition z  3, then the least value of z  is equal to :
z
(A) 5/3 (B) 8/3 (C) 11/3 (D) none of these
     
4. Given zp = cos  P  + i sin  P  , then nLim (z z z .... zn) =
  1 2 3
2
  2
 
(A) 1 (B)  1 (C) i (D) – i
5. The maximum & minimum values of z + 1 when z + 3  3 are :
(A) (5 , 0) (B) (6 , 0) (C) (7 , 1) (D) (5 , 1)
6. If z3 + (3 + 2i) z + (–1 + ia) = 0 has one real root, then the value of 'a' lies in the interval (a  R)
(A) (– 2, – 1) (B) (– 1, 0) (C) (0, 1) (D) (1, 2)
7. If x = a + bi is a complex number such that x2 = 3 + 4i and x3 = 2 + 11i where i =  1 , then (a + b)
equal to
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
 2
8. If Arg (z + a) = and Arg (z – a) = ; a R  , then
6 3
(A) z is independent of a (B) | a | = | z + a |
 
(C) z = a Cis (D) z = a Cis
6 3
9. If z1, z2, z3 are the vertices of the  ABC on the complex plane which are also the roots of the equation,
z3  3 z2 + 3 z + x = 0, then the condition for the  ABC to be equilateral triangle is
(A) 2 =  (B)  = 2 (C) 2 = 3  (D)  = 32

10. The locus represented by the equation, z  1 + z + 1 = 2 is :
(A) an ellipse with focii (1 , 0) ; ( 1 , 0)
(B) one of the family of circles passing through the points of intersection of the circles z  1 = 1 and
z + 1 = 1
(C) the radical axis of the circles z  1 = 1 and z + 1 = 1
(D) the portion of the real axis between the points (1 , 0) ; ( 1 , 0) including both.
11. The points z1 = 3 + 3 i and z2 = 2 3 + 6i are given on a complex plane. The complex number lying

on the bisector of the angle formed by the vectors z1 and z2 is :
(A) z =
3  2 3   32
i (B) z = 5 + 5i
2 2
(C) z =  1  i (D) none
12. Let z1 & z2 be non zero complex numbers satisfying the equation, z12  2 z1z2 + 2 z22 = 0. The
geometrical nature of the triangle whose vertices are the origin and the points representing z1 & z2 is :
(A) an isosceles right angled triangle
(B) a right angled triangle which is not isosceles
(C) an equilateral triangle
(D) an isosceles triangle which is not right angled .
13. Let P denotes a complex number z on the Argand's plane, and Q denotes a complex number
 
2 | z |2 CiS 4   where  = amp z. If 'O' is the origin, then the  OPQ is :
(A) isosceles but not right angled (B) right angled but not isosceles
(C) right isosceles (D) equilateral .
14. On the Argand plane point ' A ' denotes a complex number z1. A triangle
OBQ is made directily similiar to the triangle OAM, where OM = 1 as
shown in the figure. If the point B denotes the complex number z2, then
the complex number corresponding to the point ' Q ' is
z1
(A) z1 z2 (B)
z2
z2 z  z2
(C) (D) 1
z1 z2
15. z1 & z2 are two distinct points in an argand plane. If a z1 = b z 2 , (where a, b  R) then the point

a z1 bz
+ 2 is a point on the :
b z2 a z1
(A) line segment [  2, 2 ] of the real axis (B) line segment [  2, 2 ] of the imaginary axis
(C) unit circle z = 1 (D) the line with arg z = tan 1 2 .
16. When the polynomial 5x3 + Mx + N is divided by x2 + x + 1 the remainder is 0. The value of
(M + N) is equal to
(A) – 3 (B) 5 (C) – 5 (D) 15
1  i  i   
17.

If z = (1 + i)4    then  | z |  equals
  amp z 
4    i 1  i   
(A) 1 (B)  (C) 3 (D) 4
18. 3
  3
3  35 / 6 i is an integer where i =  1 . The value of the integer is equal to
(A) 24 (B) – 24 (C) – 22 (D) – 21
One ore more than one is/are correct
19. If z  C, which of the following relation(s) represents a circle on an Argand diagram ?
(A) | z – 1 | + | z + 1 | = 3 (B) (z – 3 + i) z  3  i  = 5
(C) 3| z – 2 + i | = 7 (D) | z – 3 | = 2
20. Let z1, z2, z3 be three complex number such that
z12 z 22 z 32
| z1 | = | z2 | = | z3 | = 1 and   1  0
z 2z3 z1z 3 z1z 2
then | z1 + z2 + z3 | can take the value equal to
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
DPP-5
1. A root of unity is a complex number that is a solution to the equation, zn = 1 for some positive integer
n. Number of roots of unity that are also the roots of the equation z2 + az + b = 0, for some integer a
and b is
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10
1 1
2. z is a complex number such that z + = 2 cos 3°, then the value of z2000 + 2000 + 1 is equal to
z z
(A) 0 (B) – 1 (C) 3  1 (D) 1 – 3
3. The complex number  satisfying the equation 3 = 8i and lying in the second quadrant on the complex
plane is
3 1
(A) – 3 + i (B) – + i (C) – 2 3 + i (D) – 3 + 2i
2 2
4. If z4 + 1 = 3 i
(A) z3 is purely real (B) z represents the vertices of a square of side 21/4
(C) z9 is purely imaginary (D) z represents the vertices of a square of side 23/4.
25
5. The complex number z satisfies the condition z  = 24 . The maximum distance from the origin
z
of co-ordinates to the point z is :
(A) 25 (B) 30 (C) 32 (D) none of these
6. If the expression x2m + xm + 1 is divisible by x2 + x + 1, then :
(A) m is any odd integer (B) m is divisible by 3
(C) m is not divisible by 3 (D) none of these
7. If z1 = 2 + 3 i , z2 = 3 – 2 i and z3 = – 1 – 2 3 i then which of the following is true?
 z3   z 3  z1   z3   z2 
(A) arg  z  = arg  z  z  (B) arg  z  = arg  z 
 2  2 1  2  1
 z3   z 3  z1   z3  1  z 3  z1 
(C) arg  z  = 2 arg  z  z  (D) arg  z  = arg  z  z 
 2  2 1  2 2  2 1
8. If m and n are the smallest positive integers satisfying the relation
m n
   
 2Cis    4Cis  , then (m + n) has the value equal to
 6  4
(A) 120 (B) 96 (C) 72 (D) 60
9. If z is a complex number satisfying the equation
Z6 + Z3 + 1 = 0.
If this equation has a root rei with 90° <  < 180° then the value of '' is
(A) 100° (B) 110° (C) 160° (D) 170°
10. Least positive argument of the 4th root of the complex number 2  i 12 is
(A)  6 (B) 5 12 (C) 7 12 (D) 11 12
11. P(z) is the point moving in the Argand's plane satisfying arg(z – 1) – arg(z + i) =  then, P is
(A) a real number, hence lies on the real axis.
(B) an imaginary number, hence lies on the imaginary axis.
(C) a point on the hypotenuse of the right angled triangle OAB formed by O  (0, 0); A  (1, 0);
B  (0, – 1).
(D) a point on an arc of the circle passing through A  (1, 0); B  (0, – 1).
12. Number of ordered pair(s) (z, ) of the complex numbers z and  satisfying the system of equations,
z3 +  7 = 0 and z5 . 11 = 1 is :
(A) 7 (B) 5 (C) 3 (D) 2
13. If p = a + b + c2; q = b + c + a2 and r = c + a + b2 where a, b, c  0 and  is the complex
cube root of unity, then :
(A) p + q + r = a + b + c (B) p2 + q2 + r2 = a2 + b2 + c2
(C) p2 + q2 + r2 = 2(pq + qr + rp) (D) none of these
A B
14. If A and B be two complex numbers satisfying  = 1. Then the two points represented by A and
B A
B and the origin form the vertices of
(A) an equilateral triangle
(B) an isosceles triangle which is not equilateral
(C) an isosceles triangle which is not right angled
(D) a right angled triangle
15. On the complex plane triangles OAP & OQR are similiar and l (OA) = 1.
If the points P and Q denotes the complex numbers z1 & z2 then the
complex number ' z ' denoted by the point R is given by :
z1
(A) z1 z2 (B)
z2
z2 z  z2
(C) (D) 1
z1 z2
Paragraph for question nos. 16 to 18
4z  5i
For the complex number w =
2z  1
16. The locus of z, when w is a real number other than 2, is
(A) a point circle
5 5
(B) a straight line with slope – and y-intercept
2 4
5 5
(C) a straight line with slope and y-intercept
2 4
(D) a straight line passing through the origin
17. The locus of z, when w is a purely imaginary number is
1 5
(A) a circle with centre  ,   passing through origin.
2 4
 1 5
(B) a circle with centre   ,  passing through origin.
 4 8
 1 5 29
(C) a circle with centre  ,   and radius
 4 8 8
(D) any other circle
18. The locus of z, when | w | = 1 is
 5 1 1 1 5 1
(A) a circle with centre   ,  and radius (B) a circle with centre  ,   and radius
 8 4 2 4 8 2
5 1 1
(C) a circle with centre  ,   and radius (D) any other circle
8 4 2
Paragraph of questions nos. 19 to 21

z 1
Consider the two complex numbers z and w such that w = = a + bi, where a, b  R.
z2
19. If z = CiS  then, which of the following does hold good ?
1  5a 9b
(A) cos  = (B) sin  =
1  4a 1  4a
(C) (1 + 5a) + (3b)2 = (1 – 4a)2
2 (D) All of these
b
20. Which of the following is the value of – , whenever it exists?
a
 1  1 
(A) 3 tan   (B) tan   (C) – cot  (D) 3 cot  
2 3 2 3 2
21. Which of the following equals | z | ?
(A) | w | (B) (a + 1)2 + b2 (C) a2 + (b + 2)2 (D) (a + 1)2 + (b + 1)2
DPP-6
1. If the six solutions of x6 = – 64 are written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real, then the product of
those solutions with a > 0, is
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 16 (D) 64
2. Number of imaginary complex numbers satisfying the equation, z2 = z 21|z| is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
z1  z 2 
3. If z1 & z2 are two complex numbers & if arg = but z1  z 2  z1  z 2 then the figure
z1  z 2 2
formed by the points represented by 0, z1, z2 & z1 + z2 is :
(A) a parallelogram but not a rectangle or a rhombous
(B) a rectangle but not a square
(C) a rhombous but not a square
(D) a square
 
4. If zn = cos + i sin , then Limit
n  
(z . z . z . ...... z ) =
1 2 3 n
(2n  1) (2n  3) (2 n  1) (2 n  3)
    5 5 3 3
(A) cos + i sin (B) cos + i sin (C) cos + i sin (D) cos + i sin
3 3 6 6 6 6 2 2
5. The straight line (1 + 2i)z + (2i – 1) z = 10i on the complex plane, has intercept on the imaginary axis
equal to
5 5
(A) 5 (B) (C) – (D) – 5
2 2
6. If cos  + i sin  is a root of the equation xn + a1xn  1 + a2xn  2 + ...... + an  1x + an = 0 then the value
n
of  a r cos r  equals (where all coefficient are real)
r 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D) none
7. Let A(z1) and B(z2) represent two complex numbers on the complex plane. Suppose the complex slope
z z
of the line joining A and B is defined as 1 2 . Then the lines l1 with complex slope 1 and l2 with
z1  z 2
complex slope 2 on the complex plane will be perpendicular to each other if
(A) 1 + 2 = 0 (B) 1 – 2 = 0 (C) 12 = –1 (D) 1 2 = 1
8. If the equation, z4 + a1z3 + a2z2 + a3z + a4 = 0, where a1, a2, a3, a4 are real coefficients different from
a3 a a
zero has a pure imaginary root then the expression + 1 4 has the value equal to:
a1 a 2 a2 a3
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C)  2 (D) 2
9. Suppose A is a complex number & n  N, such that An = (A + 1)n = 1, then the least value of n is
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 12
10. Intercept made by the circle z z +  z +  z + r = 0 on the real axis on complex plane, is
(A) (   )  r (B) (   ) 2  2r (C) (   ) 2  r (D) (   ) 2  4r

50 50
1
11. If Zr ; r = 1, 2, 3,..., 50 are the roots of the equation  (Z)r = 0, then the value of  is
r0 r 1 Zr  1
(A)  85 (B)  25 (C) 25 (D) 75
12. All roots of the equation, (1 + z)6 + z6 = 0 :
(A) lie on a unit circle with centre at the origin
(B) lie on a unit circle with centre at (- 1, 0)
(C) lie on the vertices of a regular polygon with centre at the origin
(D) are collinear
13. If z & w are two complex numbers simultaneously satisfying the equations,
z3 + w5 = 0 and z2 . w 4 = 1 , then :
(A) z and w both are purely real (B) z is purely real and w is purely imaginary
(C) w is purely real and z is purely imaginarly (D) z and w both are imaginary .
14. A function f is defined by f (z) = (4 + i)z2 + z +  for all complex numbers z, where  and  are
complex numbers. If f (1) and f (i) are both real then the smallest possible value of |  | + |  | equals
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2 2
15. Given f (z) = the real part of a complex number z. For example, f (3 – 4i) = 3. If a  N, n  N then the
6a
  
n
value of  log 2 f  1  i 3  has the value equal to
 
n 1
(A) 18a2 + 9a (B) 18a2 + 7a (C) 18a2 – 3a (D) 18a2 – a
16. It is given that complex numbers z1 and z2 satisfy | z1 | = 2 and | z2 | = 3. If the included angle of their
z1  z 2 N
corresponding vectors is 60° then can be expressed as where N is natural number then
z1  z 2 7
N equals
(A) 126 (B) 119 (C) 133 (D) 19
17. Let f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c be a cubic polynomial with real coefficients and all real roots. Also
| f (i) | = 1 where i   1
Statement-1: All 3 roots of f (x) = 0 are zero
Statement-2: a + b + c = 0
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
18. All complex numbers 'z' which satisfy the relation z | z  1 | = z | z  1 | on the complex plane lie on
the
(A) line y = 0
(B) line x = 0
(C) circle x2 + y2 = 1
(D) line x = 0 or on a line segment joining (–1, 0) to (1, 0)
One ore more than one is/are correct:

19. Let A and B be two distinct points denoting the complex numbers  and  respectively. A complex
number z lies between A and B where z , z . Which of the following relation(s) hold good ?
(A) | – z | + | z – | = | – | (B)  a positive real number 't' such that z = (1 – t)  + t
z z z z 1
(C) = 0 (D)   1 = 0
     1
20. Equation of a straight line on the complex plane passing through a point P denoting the complex number
 and perpendicular to the vector O P where 'O' in the origin can be written as
z z
(A) Im 0 (B) Re 0 (C) Re(  z )  0 (D)  z  z  2 |  |2  0
     
21. Which of the following represents a point on an argands' plane, equidistant from the roots of the equation
(z + 1)4 = 16z4 ?
 1  1   2 
(A) (0, 0) (B)   , 0 (C)  , 0 (D)  0, 
 3  3   5
22. If z is a complex number which simultaneously satisfies the equations
3 | z – 12 | = 5 |z – 8i | and | z – 4 | = | z – 8 | then the Im(z) can be
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 17 (D) 8
23. Let z1, z2, z3 are the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle A1A2A3. Which of the following statements
are equivalent.
(A) A1A2A3 is an equilateral triangle.
(B) (z1 + z2 + 2z3)(z1 + 2z2 + z3) = 0, where  is the cube root of unity.
z 2  z1 z3  z 2
(C) z  z = z  z
3 2 1 3
1 1 1
z
(D) 1 z2 z 3 = 0
z2 z3 z1
n 1
24. If 1, 2, 3 , ......., n – 1 are the imaginary nth roots of unity then the product  i   r 
r 1
(where i   1 ) can take the value equal to
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) i (D) (1 + i)
MATCH THE COLUMN
25. Match the equation in z, in Column-I with the corresponding values of arg(z) in Column-II.
Column-I Column-II
(equations in z) (principal value of arg (z) )
(A) z2 – z + 1 = 0 (P) – 2 3
(B) z2 + z + 1 = 0 (Q) –  3
(C) 2z2 + 1 + i 3 = 0 (R) 3
(D) 2z2 + 1 – i 3 = 0 (S) 2 3
VERY ELEMENTARY EXERCISE

Q.1 Simplify and express the result in the form of a + bi
2 2
 1  2i  1
 4i 3  i 
  3  2i 3  2i 2  i 2 2  i 2
(a)   (b) i (9 + 6 i) (2  i) (c)  (d)  (e) 

 2i   2i  1  2  5i 2  5i 2i 2i
(f) A square P1P2P3P4 is drawn in the complex plane with P1 at (1, 0) and P3 at (3, 0). Let Pn denotes
the point (xn, yn) n = 1, 2, 3, 4. Find the numerical value of the product of complex numbers
(x1 + i y1)(x2 + i y2)(x3 + i y3)(x4 + i y4).
Q.2 Given that x , y  R, solve : (a) (x + 2y) + i (2x  3y) = 5  4i (b) (x + iy) + (7  5i) = 9 + 4i
(c) x²  y²  i (2x + y) = 2i (d) (2 + 3i) x²  (3  2i) y = 2x  3y + 5i
Q.3 Find the square root of : (a) 9 + 40 i (b) 11  60 i (c) 50 i
Q.4 (a) If f (x) = x4 + 9x3 + 35x2  x + 4, find f ( – 5 + 4i)

(b) If g (x) = x4  x3 + x2 + 3x  5, find g(2 + 3i)
Q.5 Among the complex numbers z satisfying the condition z  3  3 i  3 , find the number having the

least positive argument.
Q.6 Solve the following equations over C and express the result in the form a + ib, a, b  R.
(a) ix2  3x  2i = 0 (b) 2 (1 + i) x2  4 (2  i) x  5  3 i = 0
Q.7 Locate the points representing the complex number z on the Argand plane:
2 2 z3
(a) z + 1  2i = 7 ; (b) z  1  z  1 = 4 ; (c) = 3 ; (d) z  3 = z  6
z3
Q.8 If a & b are real numbers between 0 & 1 such that the points z1 = a + i, z2 = 1 + bi & z3 = 0 form an
equilateral triangle, then find the values of 'a' and 'b'.
Q.9 Let z1 = 1 + i and z2 = – 1 – i. Find z3  C such that triangle z1, z2, z3 is equilaterial.
Q.10 For what real values of x & y are the numbers  3 + ix2 y & x2 + y + 4i conjugate complex?
Q.11 Find the modulus, argument and the principal argument of the complex numbers.
2i
(i) 6 (cos 310°  i sin 310°) (ii) 2 (cos 30° + i sin 30°) (iii)
4 i  (1  i) 2
x y
Q.12 If (x + iy)1/3 = a + bi ; prove that 4 (a2  b2) =  .
a b
1 z  z2
Q.13 Let z be a complex number such that z  c\R and R, then prove that | z | =1.
1  z  z2
Q.14 Prove the identity,  
| 1  z1z 2 |2  | z1  z 2 |2  1 | z1 |2 1 | z 2 |2 
Q.15 Prove the identity,  
| 1  z1z 2 |2  | z1  z 2 |2  1  | z1 |2 1  | z 2 |2 
2 2 2
2

Q.16 For any two complex numbers, prove that z1  z 2  z1  z 2 = 2 z1  z2 . Also give the 
geometrical interpretation of this identity.
Q.17 (a) Find all nonzero complex numbers Z satisfying Z = i Z².
(b) If the complex numbers z1, z2, .................zn lie on the unit circle |z| = 1 then show that
|z1 + z2 + ..............+zn| = |z1–1+ z2–1+................+zn–1| .
Q.18 Find the Cartesian equation of the locus of 'z' in the complex plane satisfying, | z – 4 | + z + 4 | = 16.
n
Q.19 Let z = (0, 1)  C. Express  z k in terms of the positive integer n.
k 0
Paragraph for question nos. 20 to 22

z i
Consider a complex number w = where z = x + iy, where x, y  R.
2z  1
Q.20 If the complex number w is purely imaginary then locus of z is
(A) a straight line
 1 1 5
(B) a circle with centre   ,  and radius .
 4 2  4
1 1
(C) a circle with centre  ,   and passing through origin..
4 2
(D) neither a circle nor a straight line.
Q.21 If the complex number w is purely real then locus of z is
(A) a straight line passing through origin
(B) a straight line with gradient 3 and y intercept (–1)
(C) a straight line with gradient 2 and y intercept 1.
(D) none
Q.22 If | w | = 1 then the locus of P is
(A) a point circle (B) an imaginary circle
(C) a real circle (D) not a circle.
EXERCISE–I
Q.1 Simplify and express the result in the form of a + bi :
2
 4i 3  i  3  2i 3  2i
(a) i (9 + 6 i) (2  i)1 (b)  
 (c) 
 2i  1  2  5i 2  5i
(d)
2  i 2 
2  i 2 (e) i   i
2i 2i
Q.2 Find the modulus , argument and the principal argument of the complex numbers.
 10   10 
(i) z = 1 + cos   + i sin  9  (ii) (tan1 – i)2
 9   
5  12i  5  12i i 1
(iii) z = (iv) 2  2
5  12i  5  12i 
i 1  cos   sin
 5  5
Q.3 Given that x, y  R, solve :
x y 5  6i
(a) (x + 2y) + i (2x  3y) = 5  4i 
(b) 
1  2i 3  2i 8i  1
(c) x²  y²  i (2x + y) = 2i (d) (2 + 3i) x²  (3  2i) y = 2x  3y + 5i
(e) 4x² + 3xy + (2xy  3x²)i = 4y²  (x2/2) + (3xy  2y²)i
Q.4(a) Let Z is complex satisfying the equation, z2 – (3 + i)z + m + 2i = 0, where m  R.
Suppose the equation has a real root, then find the value of m.
(b) a, b, c are real numbers in the polynomial, P(Z) = 2Z4 + aZ3 + bZ2 + cZ + 3
If two roots of the equation P(Z) = 0 are 2 and i, then find the value of 'a'.
Q.5(a) Find the real values of x & y for which z1 = 9y2  4  10 i x and
z2 = 8y2  20 i are conjugate complex of each other.
(b) Find the value of x4  x3 + x2 + 3x  5 if x = 2 + 3i
Q.6 Solve the following for z :
z2 – (3 – 2 i)z = (5i – 5)
Q.7(a) If i Z3 + Z2  Z + i = 0, then show that | Z | = 1.
z1  2z 2
(b) Let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers such that = 1 and | z2 |  1, find | z1 |.
2  z1z 2
z  z1 
(c) Let z1 = 10 + 6i & z2 = 4 + 6i. If z is any complex number such that the argument of, is , then
z  z2 4
prove that z  7  9i= 3 2 .
Q.8 Show that the product,
22 2n
  1i    1i     1i     1i  
2
 
1 2  1 2   1 2  ......1 2   is equal to  1  1n  (1+ i) where n  2 .
              22 
  
Q.9 Let z1, z2 be complex numbers with | z1 | = | z2 | = 1, prove that | z1 + 1 | + | z2 + 1 | + | z1z2 + 1 |  2.
Q.10 Interpret the following locii in z  C.
 z  2i 
(a) 1 < z  2i < 3 (b) Re    4 (z  2i)
iz 2
(c) Arg (z + i)  Arg (z  i) = /2 (d) Arg (z  a) = /3 where a = 3 + 4i.
Q.11 Let A = {a  R | the equation (1 + 2i)x3 – 2(3 + i)x2 + (5 – 4i)x + 2a2 = 0}
has at least one real root. Find the value of  a 2 .
aA
Q.12 P is a point on the Aragand diagram. On the circle with OP as diameter two points Q & R are taken such
that  POQ =  QOR = . If ‘O’ is the origin & P, Q & R are represented by the complex numbers
Z1 , Z2 & Z3 respectively, show that : Z22 . cos 2  = Z1 . Z3 cos².
Q.13 Let z1, z2, z3 are three pair wise distinct complex numbers and t1, t2, t3 are non-negative real numbers
such that t1 + t2 + t3 = 1. Prove that the complex number z = t1z1 + t2z2 + t3z3 lies inside a triangle with
vertices z1, z2, z3 or on its boundry.
Q.14 Let A  z1 ; B  z2; C  z3 are three complex numbers denoting the vertices of an acute angled triangle.
If the origin ‘O’ is the orthocentre of the triangle, then prove that
z1 z 2 + z1 z2 = z2 z 3 + z 2 z3 = z3 z1 + z 3 z1
hence show that the  ABC is a right angled triangle  z1 z 2 + z1 z2 = z2 z 3 + z 2 z3 = z3 z1 + z 3 z1 = 0
Q.15 Let  + i;  R, be a root of the equation x3 + qx + r = 0; q, r  R. Find a real cubic equation,
independent of  & , whose one root is 2.
Q.16 Find the sum of the series 1(2 – )(2 – 2) + 2(3 – ) (3 – 2) ....... (n – 1)(n – )(n – 2) where 
is one of the imaginary cube root of unity.
e 2iA eiC eiB

iC
Q.17 If A, B and C are the angles of a triangle D = e e  2iB eiA where i = 1 then find the value
eiB eiA e 2iC
of D.
Q.18 If w is an imaginary cube root of unity then prove that :
(a) (1  w + w2) (1  w2 + w4) (1  w4 + w8) ..... to 2n factors = 22n .
(b) If w is a complex cube root of unity, find the value of
(1 + w) (1 + w2) (1 + w4) (1 + w8) ..... to n factors .
n
 1  sin   i cos    n   n 
Q.19 Prove that   = cos  2  n  + i sin  2  n  . Hence deduce that
 1  sin   i cos      
5 5
    
1  sin  i cos  + i 1  sin  i cos  = 0
 5 5  5 5
Q.20 If cos (  ) + cos (  ) + cos (  ) =  3/2 then prove that:
(a)  cos 2 = 0 =  sin 2 (b)  sin (+ ) = 0 =  cos (+ )
2 2
(c)  sin  =  cos  = 3/2 (d)  sin 3 = 3 sin (+ + )
(e)  cos 3 = 3 cos (+ + )
(f) cos3 (+ ) + cos3 (+ ) + cos3 (+ ) = 3 cos (+ ) . cos (+ ) . cos (+ ) where R.

Q.21 Resolve Z5 + 1 into linear & quadratic factors with real coefficients. Deduce that : 4·sin  ·cos = 1.
10 5
Q.22 If x = 1+ i 3 ; y = 1  i 3 & z = 2 , then prove that xp + yp = zp for every prime p > 3.
Q.23 Dividing f(z) by z  i, we get the remainder i and dividing it by z + i, we get the remainder
1 + i. Find the remainder upon the division of f(z) by z² + 1.
Q.24(a) Let z = x + iy be a complex number, where x and y are real numbers. Let A and B be the sets defined by
A = {z | | z |  2} and B = {z | (1 – i)z + (1 + i) z  4}. Find the area of the region A  B.
1
(b) For all real numbers x, let the mapping f (x) = , where i =  1 . If there exist real number
x i
a, b, c and d for which f (a), f (b), f (c) and f (d) form a square on the complex plane. Find the area of
the square.
Q.25 Column-I Column-II
(A) Let w be a non real cube root of unity then the number of distinct elements (P) 4
 
in the set (1  w  w 2  .......  w n ) m | m, n  N is
(B) Let 1, w, w2 be the cube root of unity. The least possible (Q) 5
degree of a polynomial with real coefficients having roots
2w, (2 + 3w), (2 + 3w2), (2 – w – w2), is
(C)  = 6 + 4i and  = (2 + 4i) are two complex numbers on the complex plane. (R) 6
z 
A complex number z satisfying amp    moves on the major (S) 8
 z   6
segment of a circle whose radius is
EXERCISE–II
p q r
Q.1 If q r p  0 ; where p , q , r are the moduli of nonzero complex numbers u, v, w respectively,,
r p q
2
w  w  u
prove that, arg = arg   .
v  v u 
Q.2 Let Z = 18 + 26i where Z0 = x0 + iy0 (x0, y0  R) is the cube root of Z having least positive argument.
Find the value of x0y0(x0 + y0).
Q.3 Show that the locus formed by z in the equation z3 + iz = 1 never crosses the co-ordinate axes in the
 Im(z)
Argand’s plane. Further show that |z| =
2 Re(z) Im(z)  1
Q.4 If  is the fifth root of 2 and x =  + 2, prove that x5 = 10x2 + 10x + 6.
Q.5 Prove that , with regard to the quadratic equation z2 + (p + ip) z + q + iq = 0
where p , p, q , q are all real.
(i) if the equation has one real root then q 2  pp  q + qp 2 = 0 .
(ii) if the equation has two equal roots then p2  p2 = 4q & pp = 2q .
State whether these equal roots are real or complex.
Q.6 If the equation (z + 1)7 + z7 = 0 has roots z1, z2, .... z7, find the value of
7 7
(a)  Re(Zr ) and (b)  Im(Zr )
r 1 r 1
Q.7 Find the roots of the equation Zn = (Z + 1)n and show that the points which represent them are collinear
on the complex plane. Hence show that these roots are also the roots of the equation
2 2
 m  2  m 
 2 sin  Z +  2 sin  Z + 1 = 0.
 n   n 
Q.8 If the expression z5 – 32 can be factorised into linear and quadratic factors over real coefficients as
(z5 – 32) = (z – 2)(z2 – pz + 4)(z2 – qz + 4) then find the value of (p2 + 2p).
Q.9 Let z1 & z2 be any two arbitrary complex numbers then prove that :
z1 + z2 
1
 | z1 |  | z 2 |  z1  z 2 .
2 | z1 | | z 2 |
Q.10 If Zr, r = 1, 2, 3, ......... 2m, m  N are the roots of the equation
2m
1
Z2m + Z2m-1 + Z2m-2 + ............. + Z + 1 = 0 then prove that r1 Z  1 =  m
r
Q.11(i) Let Cr's denotes the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N. If the integers
an = C0 + C3 + C6 + C9 + ........
bn = C1 + C4 + C7 + C10 + ........
and cn = C2 + C5 + C8 + C11 + ........, then
prove that (a) a 3n  b 3n  c3n – 3anbncn = 2n, (b) (an – bn)2 + (bn – cn)2 + (cn – an)2 = 2.
(ii) Prove the identity: (C0 – C2 + C4 – C6 + .....)2 + (C1 – C3 + C5 – C7 + .......)2 = 2n
Q.12 Let z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 be the vertices A , B , C , D respectively of a square on the Argand diagram
taken in anticlockwise direction then prove that :
(i) 2z2 = (1 + i) z1 + (1 i)z3 & (ii) 2z4 = (1 i) z1 + (1 + i) z3
n
Q.13 Show that all the roots of the equation  1  i x   1  i a a  R are real and distinct.

 1  i x 1  ia
Q.14 Prove that:
x  n  2
(a) cos x + nC1 cos 2x + nC2 cos 3x + ..... + nCn cos (n + 1) x = 2n . cosn . cos   x
2  2 
x  n  2
(b) sin x + nC1 sin 2x + nC2 sin 3x + ..... + nCn sin (n + 1) x = 2n . cosn . sin   x
2  2 
 2   4   6   2n  1
(c) cos   + cos   + cos   + ..... + cos   =  When n  N.
 2 n  1  2 n  1  2 n  1  2 n  1  2
Q.15 Show that all roots of the equation a0zn + a1zn – 1 + ...... + an – 1z + an = n,
n 1
where | ai |  1, i = 0, 1, 2, .... , n lie outside the circle with centre at the origin and radius .
n
Q.16 The points A, B, C depict the complex numbers z1 , z2 , z3 respectively on a complex plane & the angle
1
B & C of the triangle ABC are each equal to (   ) . Show that
2

(z2  z3)² = 4 (z3  z1) (z1  z2) sin2 .
2
p
32  10  2q 2q  
Q.17 Evaluate:  (3 p  2)    sin  i cos  .
p 1  q 1  11 11  
a b c
Q.18 Let a, b, c be distinct complex numbers such that = = = k. Find the value of k.
1 b 1 c 1 a
2
Q.19 Let ,  be fixed complex numbers and z is a variable complex number such that, z   2 + z   = k.
Find out the limits for 'k' such that the locus of z is a circle. Find also the centre and radius of the circle.
Q.20 C is the complex number. f : C  R is defined by f (z) = | z3 – z + 2|. Find the maximum value of f (z)
if | z | = 1.
Q.21 Let f (x) = logcos 3x (cos 2 i x ) if x  0 and f (0) = K (where i =  1 ) is continuous at x = 0 then find
the value of K.
Q.22 Find the set of points on the argand plane for which the real part of the complex number (1 + i)z2
is positive where z = x + iy , x, y  R and i = 1 .
Q.23 If a and b are positive integer such that N = (a + ib)3 – 107i is a positive integer. Find N.
Q.24 If the biquadratic x4 + ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 (a, b, c, d  R) has 4 non real roots, two with sum
3 + 4i and the other two with product 13 + i. Find the value of 'b'.
EXERCISE–III
334 365
 1 i 3  1 i 3
Q. 1 (a) If i = 1 , then 4 + 5      3     is equal to
 2 2  2 
  2
(A) 1 – i 3 (B) –1 + i 3 (C) i 3 (D) – i 3
(b) For complex numbers z & , prove that, |z|2  – ||2 z = z –  if and only if, z =  or z  = 1

[JEE '99]
2 i 20
Q.2 (i) If  = e 7
A0 +  A k x k , then find the value of f(x) + f( x) + ...... + f(6 x)
and f(x) = A
k 1
independent of .
(ii) Let  + i ; ,  R, be a root of the equation x3 + qx + r = 0 ; q, r  R. Find a real cubic
equation, independent of  & , whose one root is 2. [JEE '99]
1 1 1
Q.3(a) If z1 , z2 , z3 are complex numbers such that z1 = z2 = z3 =   = 1, then
z1 z 2 z 3
z1 + z2 + z3 is :
(A) equal to 1 (B) less than 1 (C) greater than 3 (D) equal to 3
(b) If arg (z) < 0 , then arg ( z)  arg (z) =

 
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D)
2 2
[ JEE 2000 (Screening) 1 + 1 out of 35 ]
2 2
Q.4 Given , z = cos 2 n  1 + i sin , 'n' a positive integer, find the equation whose roots are,
2n  1
 = z + z3 + ...... + z2n  1 &  = z2 + z4 + ...... + z2n .
[ REE 2000 (Mains) 3 out of 100 ]
Q.5 12 6
Find all those roots of the equation z – 56z – 512 = 0 whose imaginary part is positive.
[ REE 2000, 3 out of 100 ]
z1  z 3 1  i 3
Q.6(a) The complex numbers z1, z2 and z3 satisfying  are the vertices of a triangle which is
z2  z3 2
(A) of area zero (B) right-angled isosceles
(C) equilateral (D) obtuse – angled isosceles
(b) Let z1 and z2 be nth roots of unity which subtend a right angle at the origin. Then n must be of the form
(A) 4k + 1 (B) 4k + 2 (C) 4k + 3 (D) 4k
[ JEE 2001 (Scr) 1 + 1 out of 35 ]
1 1 1
1 3
Q.7(a) Let    i . Then the value of the determinant 1  1  2 2 is
2 2 1 2 4
(A) 3 (B) 3 ( – 1) (C) 32 (D) 3(1 – )
(b) For all complex numbers z1, z2 satisfying |z1| = 12 and |z2 – 3 – 4i| = 5, the minimum value of
|z1 – z2| is [JEE 2002 (Scr) 3+3]
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 7 (D) 17
(c) Let a complex number  ,   1, be a root of the equation zp+q – zp – zq + 1 = 0 where p, q are distinct

primes. Show that either 1 +  + 2 + ...... + p–1 = 0 or 1 +  + 2 + ...... + q–1 = 0 , but not both
together. [JEE 2002, (5) ]
1  z1 z 2
Q.8(a) If z1 and z2 are two complex numbers such that | z1 | < 1 < | z2 | then prove that  1.
z1  z 2
1 n
(b) Prove that there exists no complex number z such that | z | < and  a r z r = 1 where | ar | < 2.
3 r 1
[JEE-03, 2 + 2 out of 60]
Q.9(a)  is an imaginary cube root of unity. If (1 + 2)m = (1 + 4)m , then least positive integral value of m is
(A) 6 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 3
[JEE 2004 (Scr)]
( z  )
(b) Find centre and radius of the circle determined by all complex numbers z = x + i y satisfying k,
(z  )
where   1  i 2 ,   1  i 2 are fixed complex and k  1. [JEE 2004, 2 out of 60 ]
Q.10(a) The locus of z which lies in shaded region is best represented by
(A) z : |z + 1| > 2, |arg(z + 1)| < /4
(B) z : |z - 1| > 2, |arg(z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2, |arg(z + 1)| < /2
(D) z : |z - 1| < 2, |arg(z - 1)| < /2
(b) If a, b, c are integers not all equal and w is a cube root of unity (w  1), then the minimum value of
|a + bw + cw2| is [JEE 2005 (Scr), 3 + 3]
3 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2
(c) If one of the vertices of the square circumscribing the circle |z – 1| = 2 is 2  3 i . Find the other
vertices of square. [JEE 2005 (Mains), 4]
w  wz
Q.11 If w =  + i where   0 and z  1, satisfies the condition that is purely real, then the set of
1 z
values of z is
(A) {z : | z | = 1} (B) {z : z = z ) (C) {z : z  1} (D) {z : | z | = 1, z  1}
[JEE 2006, 3]
Q.12(a) A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the North-East (N 45° E) direction. From
there, he walks a distance of 4 units towards the North-West (N 45° W) direction to reach a point P.
Then the position of P in the Argand plane is
(A) 3ei 4 + 4i (B) (3  4i )e i 4 (C) (4  3i )e i 4 (D) (3  4i )e i 4
z
(b) If | z | = 1 and z  ± 1, then all the values of lie on
1 z2
(A) a line not passing through the origin (B) | z | = 2
(C) the x-axis (D) the y-axis [JEE 2007, 3+3]
Q.13(a) A particle P starts from the point z0 = 1 + 2i, where i =  1 . It moves first horizontally away from origin
by 5 units and then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a point z1. From z1 the particle moves

2 units in the direction of the vector î  ˆj and then it moves through an angle 2 in anticlockwise
direction on a circle with centre at origin, to reach a point z2. The point z2 is given by
(A) 6 + 7i (B) – 7 + 6i (C) 7 + 6i (D) – 6 + 7i
(b) Comprehension (3 questions together)

Let A, B, C be three sets of complex numbers as defined below
A = z : Im z  1
B = z :| z  2  i | 3

C = z : Re((1  i ) z )  2 
(i) The number of elements in the set A  B  C is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 
(ii) Let z be any point in A  B  C. Then, | z + 1 – i |2 + | z – 5 – i |2 lies between
(A) 25 and 29 (B) 30 and 34 (C) 35 and 39 (D) 40 and 44
(iii) Let z be any point in A  B  C and let w be any point satisfying | w – 2 – i | < 3.
Then, | z | – | w | + 3 lies between [JEE 2008, 3 + 4 + 4 + 4]
(A) –6 and 3 (B) –3 and 6 (C) –6 and 6 (D) –3 and 9
15
2 m 1
Q.14 Let z = cos  + i sin . Then the value of  Im(z ) at  = 2° is
m 1
1 1 1 1
(A) sin 2 (B) 3 sin 2 (C) 2 sin 2 (D) 4 sin 2
Q. 15 Let z = x + iy be a complex number where x and y are integers. Then the area of the rectangle whose
vertices are the roots of the equation zz 3  zz 3  350 is [JEE 2009, 3 + 3]
(A) 48 (B) 32 (C) 40 (D) 80
Q. 16 Let z1 and z2 be two distinct complex numbers and let z = (1 – t)z1 + tz2 for some real number t with
0 < t < 1. If Arg(w) denotes the principal argument of a non-zero complex numbers w, then
(A) |z – z1| + |z – z2| = |z1 – z2| (B) Arg(z – z1) = Arg(z – z2) [JEE 2010]
z  z1 z  z1
(C) z  z 0 (D) Arg(z – z1) = Arg(z2 – z1)
2 1 z2  z1
2 2
Q. 17 Let  be the complex number cos + i sin . Then the number of distinct complex numbers
3 3
z 1  2
z satisfying    z 2 1  0 is equal to [JEE 2010]
 1 z 
Q. 18 [Note : Here z takes the values in the complex plane and Im z and Rez denote, respectively, the imaginary
part and the real part of z] [JEE 2010]
Column I Column II
4
(A) The set of point z satisfying |z – i|z|| = |z + i |z|| (P) an ellipse with eccentricity
5
is contained in or equal to
(B) The set of points z satisfying |z + 4| + |z – 4| = 10 (Q) the set of points z satisfying Im z = 0
is contained in or equal to
(C) If |w| = 2, then the set of points z = w – 1/w is (R) the set of points z satisfying |Im z|  1
contained in or equal to
(D) If |w| = 1, then the set of points z = w + 1/w is (S) the set of points z satisfying |Im z|  2
contained in or equal to
(T) the set of points z satisfying |z|  3
 1 a b
Q. 19 Let  1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form   1 c  ,
 
2  1 
where each of a, b and c is either  or 2. Then the number of distinct matrices in the set S is
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8 [JEE 2011]
Q. 20 If z is any complex number satisfying |z – 3 – 2i|  2, then the minimum value of |2z – 6 + 5i| is
[JEE 2011]
Q. 21 Let  = ei/3, and a, b, c, x, y, z be non-zero complex numbers such that
a + b + c = x [JEE 2011]
a + b + c2 = y
a + b2 + c = z
| x |2  | y |2  | z |2
Then the value of is
| a |2  | b |2  | c |2
Q. 22 Match the statement given in Column I with the values given in Column II [JEE 2011]

Column I Column II
   
(A) If a  ˆj  3kˆ , b  ˆj  3kˆ and c  2 3kˆ form a triangle, then (P)
6
 
the internal angle of the triangle between a and b is
b
  2
(B) If  (f(x) – 3x) dx = a2 – b2, then the value of f   is (Q)
a 6 3
5/6
2 
(C) The value of  (sec (x) dx is
ln 3 7/6
(R)
3
 1 
(D) The maximum value of Arg   for |z| = 1, z  1 is given by (S) 
 1 z 

(T)
2
Q.23 Match the statements given in column I with the intervals/union of intervals given in Column II
Column I Column II [JEE 2011]
  2iz  
(A) The set Re  2 
: z is a complex number, | z | 1, z  1 (P) (–, –1)  (1, )
  1 z  
 8(3) x 2 
(B) The domain of the function f(x) = sin–1  2(x 1)  is (Q) (–, 0) (0, )
 1 3 
1 tan  1
(C) If f() =  tan  1 tan  , then the set (R) [2, )
1  tan  1
 
 f ( ) : 0    
 2
(D) 3/2
If f(x) = x (3x – 10), x  0, then f(x) is increasing in (S) (–, –1]  [1, )
(T) (–, 0]  [2, )
Q.24 Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z is non-zero and a = z2 + z + 1 is real. Then
a cannot take the value [JEE 2012]
1 1 3
(A) –1 (B) (C) (D)
3 2 4
 1 z 
Q.25 If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument , then arg   equals :
 1 z 

(A)  –  (B) –  (C) –  (D)  [IIT JEE Main 2013]
2
1
Q.26 Let complex number  and lie on circles (x – x0)2 + (y – y0)2 = r2 and (x – x0)2 + (y – y0)2 = 4r2,

respectively. If z0 = x0 + iy0 satisfies the equation 2|z0|2 = r2 + 2, then || = [IIT JEE Advance 2013]
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 7 3
Q.27 Let  be a complex cube root of unity with  1 and P = [pij] be a n × n matrix with pij = i+j. Then
P2  0, when n = [IIT JEE Advance 2013]
(A) 57 (B) 55 (C) 58 (D) 56
3 i  1
Q.28 Let w = and P = {w n : n = 1, 2, 3, .....}. Further H 1 = z  C : Re z   and
2  2
 1 
H2 = z  C : Re z   , where C is the set of all complex numbers. If z1  P  H1, Z2 P H2
 2
and O represents the origin, then z1Oz2 = [IIT JEE Advance 2013]
  2 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 6 3 6
Comprehension (Q. 29 to Q.30)

Let S = S1  S2 S3, where [IIT JEE Advance 2013]
  z  1  3i  
S1 = {z C : |z| < 4}, S2 =  z  C : Im    0 and S3 = {z C : Re z > 0}
  1  3i  
Q. 29 min
zS
|1 – 3i – z| =
2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2
Q. 30 Area of S =
10 20 16 32
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 3 3
1
Q.31 If z is a complex number such that |z|  2, then the minimum value of z  [IIT JEE Mains 2014]
2
3 5 5
(A) Is strictly greater than but less than (B) Is equal to
2 2 2
5
(C) Lies in the interval (1, 2) (D) Is strictly greater than
2
 2k   2k 
Q.32 Let zk = cos   + i sin  10  ; k = 1, 2, ..... 9. [IIT JEE Advance 2014]
 10   
List I List II
(P) For each zk there exists a zj such that (1) True
zk . zj = 1
(Q) There exists a k  {1, 2, .....9} such that (2) False
z1 . z = zk has no solution z in the set of
complex numbers
|1  z1 ||1  z 2 | ...... |1  z 9 |
(R) equals (3) 1
10
9
 2k 
(S) 1 –  cos   equals (4) 2
k 1  10 
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 1 2 4 3
(B) 2 1 3 4
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 2 1 4 3
Q.33 A complex number z is said to be unimodular if |z| = 1. Suppose z1 and z2 are complex numbers such that
z1  2z 2
2  z1 z2 is unimodular and z2 is not unimodular. Then the point z1 lies on a : [JEE Mains 2015]
(A) circle of radius 2 (B) straight line parallel to x-axis
(C) straight line parallel to y-axis (D) circle of radius 2
 k   k 
Q.34 For any integer k, let ak = cos   + i sin   , where i = 1 . The value of the expression
 7   7 
12
| a
k 1
k 1  ak |
3
is [JEE Advance 2015]
| a
k 1
4k 1  a 4k 2 |
2  3i sin 
Q.35 A value of  for which is purely imaginary, is : [JEE Mains 2016]
1  2i sin 
   3  1 
(A) (B) (C) sin–1   (D) sin–1  
3 6  4   3
 1 
Q.36 Let a, b  R and a2 + b2  0. Suppose S = z  C : z  , t  R, t  0  , where i = 1 .
 a  ibt 
If z = x + iy and z  S, then (x, y) lies on
1 1
(A) The circle with radius and centre  ,0  for a > 0, b  0 [JEE Advance 2016]
2a  2a 
1  1 
(B) The circle with radius – and centre   ,0  for a < 0, b  0
2a  2a 
(C) The x-axis for a  0, b = 0
(D) The y-axis for a = 0, b  0
1  3 i (z)r z 2s 
Q.37 Let z = , where i = 1 and r, s  {1, 2, 3}. Let P =
=  2s  and I be the identity matrix
2  z zr 
of order 2. Then the total number of ordered pairs (r, s) for which P2 = – I is : [JEE Advance 2016]
1 1 1
2 2
Q.38 Let  be a complex number such that 2 + 1 = z where z = 3 . If 1   1   3k, then k is
1 2 7
equal to [JEE Mains 2017]
(A) –z (B) z (C) –1 (D) 1
Q.39 Let a, b, x and y be real numbers such that a – b = 1 and y  0. If the complex number z = x + iy satisfies
 az  b 
Im    y, then which of the following is/are possible values of x ? [JEE Adv. 2017]
 z 1 
(A) 1  1  y 2 (B) 1  1  y 2 (C) 1  1  y 2 (D) 1  1  y 2
Q. 40 For a non-zero complex number z, let arg(z) denotes the principal argument with –  < arg(z) .
Then, which of the following statement(s) is (are) FALSE ? [JEE Adv. 2018]

(A) arg(–1 – i) = , where i = 1
4
(B) The function f : R  (–, ], defined by f(t) = arg(–1 + it) for all t  R, is continuous at all points
of R, where i = 1
z 
(C) For any two non-zero complex numbers z1 and z2, arg  1  – arg(z1) + arg(z2) is an integer multiple
 z2 
of 2.
(D) For any three given distinct complex numbers z1, z2 and z3, the locus of the point z satisfying the
 (z  z1)(z2 z3) 
condition arg    , lies on a straight line.
 (z  z3)(z2 z1) 
Q. 41 Let s, t, r be the non-zero complex numbers and L be the set of solutions z = x + iy (x, y  R, i = 1 )
of the equation sz + tz + r = 0, z = x – iy. Then, which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE ?
(A) If L has exactly one element, then |s|  |t| [JEE Adv. 2018]
(B) If |s| = |t|, then L has infinitely many elements
(C) The number of elements in L  {z : |z – 1 + i| = 5} is at most 2
(D) If L has more than one element, then L has infinitely many elements
  π  3 + 2isinθ 
Q.42 let A = θ   – , π  : is purely imaginary  . Then the sum of the elements in A is :
  2  1 – 2isinθ 
[Jee main 2019 (09-01-2019-shift-1)]
3π 2π 5π
(A) (B)  (C) (D)
4 3 6
Q.43 Let  and  be two roots of the equation x2 + 2x + 2 = 0, then 15 + 15 is equal to :
[Jee main 2019 (09-01-2019-shift-1)]
(A) 512 (B) – 512 (C) 256 (D) –256
Q.44 Let z0 be a root of the quadratic equation, x2 + x + 1 = 0, If z = 3 + 6i z81 93

0 – 3iz 0 , then arg z is equal
to; [Jee main 2019 (09-01-2019-shift-2)]

π π π
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D)
3 6 4
3z1 2z 2
Q.45 Let z1 and z2 be any two non- zero complex numbers such that 3|z1| = 4|z2|. If z = + then :
2z 2 3z1
[Jee main 2019 (10-01-2019-shift-1)]
5 1 17
(A) Im(z) = 0 (B) |z| = (C) Re(z) = 0 (D) |z| =
2 2 2
5 5
 3 i  3 i
Q.46 Let z =  +  + –  . If R(z) and I(z) respectively denote the real and imaginary parts of
 2 2   2 2 
  
z, then : [Jee main 2019 (10-01-2019-shift-2)]
(A) R(z) = – 3 (B) R(z) < 0 and I(z) > 0
(C) I(z) = 0 (D) R(z) > 0 and I(z) > 0
3
 1  x + iy
Q.47 Let  – 2 – i  =
 3  27
i=  
– 1 , where x and y are real numbers, then y – x equals :
[Jee main 2019 (11-01-2019-shift-1)]

(A) – 85 (B) – 91 (C) 91 (D) 85
Q.48 Let z be a complex number such that |z| + z = 3 + i (where i = – 1 ). Then |z| is equal to:

[Jee main 2019 (11-01-2019-shift-2)]
5 5 41 34
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 4 4 3
z–α
Q.49 If (a  R) is a purely imaginary number and |z| = 2, then a value of  is :
z+α
[Jee main 2019 (12-01-2019-shift-1)]
1
(A) (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 1
2
Q.50 Let z1 and z2 be two complex numbers satisfying |z1| = 9 and |z2–3–4i|= 4. Then the minimum value of
|z1 – z2| is : [Jee main 2019 (12-01-2019-shift-2)]
(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0
n
Q.51 If  and be the roots of the equation x -2x+2 = 0, then the least value of n for which    = 1 is:
2

[Jee main 2019 (08-04-2019-shift-1)]
(A) 5 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 3
3 i
Q.52 If z =
2 2

+ i= 
– 1 , then (1 + iz + z5 + iz8)9 is equal to:
[Jee main 2019 (08-04-2019-shift-2)]

(A) – 1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) (–1 + 2i)9
y 1  
Q.53 Let  and be the roots of the equation x2 + x + 1 = 0 The for y 0 in R,  y 1 is
 1 y
equal to : [Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-1)]
(A) y3 (B) y(y2 – 1) (C) y(y2 – 3) (D) y3 – 1
α + i 
Q.54 All the point in the set S = 
α – i
: α  R i =

 
– 1 lie on a :
[Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-1)]

(A) circle whose radius is 2 (B) circle whose radius is 1.
(C) straight line whose slope is –1 (D) straight line whose slope is 1
5 + 3z
Q.55 Let z  C be such that |z| < 1. If  = 5 1 – z  , then :
[Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-2)]

(A) 5 Re() > 1 (B) 5 Re() > 4 (C) 5 Im() < 1 (D) 4 Im() > 5
2
Q.56 if a > 0 and z =
1 + i  , has magnitude
2
, then z is equal to:
a–i 5
[Jee main 2019 (10-04-2019-shift-1)]
1 3 1 3 3 1 1 3
(A) – – i (B) – i (C) – – i (D) – + i
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Q.57 If z and w are two complex numbers such that zw  1 and arg(z)-arg(w)= , then :
2
[Jee main 2019 (10-04-2019-shift-2)]
–1 + i 1–i
(A) zw = – i (B) z w = (C) zw = i (D) zw =
2 2
Q.58 The equation z – i = z – 1 , i = – 1 , represents:

[Jee main 2019 (12-04-2019-shift-1)]
(A) a circle of radius 1/2 (B) the line through the origin with slope 1
(C) a circle of radius 1 (D) the line through the origin with slope – 1
2z – n
Q.59 let z  C with Im(z) = 10 and it satisfies = 2i – 1 for some natural number n, then :
2z + n
[Jee main 2019 (12-04-2019-shift-2)]
(A) n = 40 and Re(z) = 10 (B) n = 20 and Re(z) = 10
(C) n = 20 and Re(z) = – 10 (D) n =40 and Re(z) = – 10
Q.60 Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying | z  2  i |  5 . If the complex number z0 is such

1  1  4  z 0  z0
that | z  1| is the maximum of the set  : z  S , then the principal argument of
0  | z  1|  z 0  z0  2i
is : [JEE Advanced 2019]
  3 
(A) (B)  (C) (D)
4 2 4 2
Q.61 L et   1 be a cube root of unity. Then the minimum of the set {|a + b + c2|2 : a , b , c
distinct non-zero integers} equals ____ [JEE Advanced 2019]
 z –1 
Q.62 If Re   = 1, where z = x + iy, then the point (x, y) lies on a:
 2z + i 
[Jee main 2020 (07-01-2020-shift-1)]
3  1 3
(A) straight line whose slope is . (B) circle whose centre is at  – , –  .
2  2 2
5 2
(C) circle whose diameter is (D) straight line whose slope is – .
2 3
3 + i sin θ
Q.63 If ,   [0, 2], is a real number, then an argument of sin + icos is:
4 – i cos θ
[Jee main 2020 (07-01-2020-shift-2)]
4 3 4

(A) – tan-1  3  (B)  – tan-1   (C)  – tan-1   (D) tan-1  
4 3 4 3
 
Q.64 If the equation, x 2 + bx + 45 = 0 (bR) has conjugate complex roots and they satisfy
|z + 1| = 2 10 , then : [Jee main 2020 (08-01-2020-shift-1)]
(A) b2 – b = 42 (B) b2 + b = 72 2
(C) b + b = 12 (D) b2 – b = 30
100
–1 + i 3 100
Q.65 Let  = . If a = 1 + α   α 2k and b =  α3k , then a and b are the roots of the quadratic
2 k =0 k=0
equation : [Jee main 2020 (08-01-2020-shift-2)]
(A) x2 – 102x + 101 = 0 (B) x2 – 101x + 100 = 0
(C) x2+ 102x + 101 = 0 (D) x2 + 101x + 100 = 0
5
Q.66 Let z be a complex number such that z – i = 1 and z = . Then the value of z + 3i is :
z + 2i 2
[Jee main 2020 (09-01-2020-shift-1)]
7 15
(A) (B) (C) 2 3 (D) 10
2 4
Q.67 If z be a complex number satisfying |Re(z)| + |Im (z)| = 4, then |z| cannot be :
[Jee main 2020 (09-01-2020-shift-2)]
17
(A) 7 (B) 10 (C) 8 (D)
2
3
 2π 2π 
 1 + sin 9
+ icos
9 
Q.68 The value of   is : [Jee main 2020 (02-09-2020-shift-1)]
 1 + sin 2π 2π 
– icos 
 9 9 
1
(A) –
1
2
1–i 3  (B)
1
2
1–i 3  (C) –
1
2
 3–i  (D) 2  3–i 
1/ 2 1/ 2

Q.69 The imaginary part of 3 + 2 – 54  – 3 – 2 – 54  can be :
[Jee main 2020 (02-09-2020-shift-2)]
(A) 6 (B) 2 6 (C) 6 (D)  6
m n
1 + i  2 1 + i 3
Q.70 If   =  i – 1  = 1, (m, n  N) then the greatest common divisor of the least values of m and
1 – i   
n is ............. [Jee main 2020 (03-09-2020-shift-1)]

Q.71 If z1, z2 are complex numbers such that Re(z1)=|z1–1|, Re(z2)=|z2–1| and arg (z1–z2)= , then Im(z1+z2)
6
is equal to : [Jee main 2020 (03-09-2020-shift-2)]
2 1 3
(A) 2 3 (B) (C) (D)
3 3 2
2z + i
Q.72 Let u = , z = x +iy and k>0. If the curve represented by Re(u) +Im(u) =1 intersects
z – ki
the y-axis at the points P and Q where PQ =5, then the value of k is :
[Jee main 2020 (04-09-2020-shift-1)]
(A) 4 (B) 1/2 (C) 2 (D) 3/2
1  i 3
Q.73 If a and b are real numbers such that (2  )4  a  b , where   then a+b is equal to:
2
[Jee main 2020 (04-09-2020-shift-2)]
(A) 33 (B) 57 (C) 9 (D) 24
Q.74 If the four complex numbers z, z , z -2Re( z ) and z-2Re(z) represent the vertices of a square of side

4 units in the Argand plane, then |z| is equal to : [ Jee main 2020 (05-09-2020-shift-1)]
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 4 2 (D) 2 2
30
 1  i 3 
Q.75 The value of  1  i  is: Jee main 2020 (05-09-2020-shift-1)]
 
(A) 215i (B) –215 (C) –215i (D) 65
Q.76 The region represented by {z = x + iy  C : |z| – Re(z)  1} is also given by the inequality:
{z = x + iy  C : |z| – Re(z)  1} Jee main 2020 (06-09-2020-shift-1)]
 1 1
(A) y2  2  x +  (B) y2  x + (C) y2  2(x + 1) (D) y2  x + 1
 2 2
Q.77 Let z=x+iy be a non-zero complex number such that z2 = i|z|2, where i  1 , then z lies on the

Jee main 2020 (06-09-2020-shift-2)]
(A) line, y = x (B) real axis (C) imaginary axis (D) line, y = – x
Q.78 Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying |z2 + z + 1| = 1. Then which of the following
statements is/are TRUE ? [JEE Advanced 2020]
1 1
(A) z   for all z  S (B) |z|  2 for all z S
2 2
1 1
(C) z   for all z  S (D) The set S has exactly four elements
2 2
Q.79 For a complex number z, let Re(z) denote the real part of z. Let S be the set of all complex numbers z
satisfying z4 – |z|4 = 4iz2, where i  1 . Then the minimum possible value of | z1  z 2 |2 , where
z1, z2  S with Re(z1) > 0 and Re(z2) < 0, is [JEE Advanced 2020]
Q.80 If the least and the largest real values of , for which the equation
z + α | z – 1 | +2i = 0 (z  C and i = –1) has a solution, are p and q respectively; then 4(p2 + q2) is

equal to ____ [Jee main 2021 (24-02-2021-shift-1)]
(–1 + i 3) 21 (1 + i 3)21
Q.81 Let i = –1. If + = k, and n = [| k |] be the greatest integral part of | k |. Then
(1 – i)24 (1 + i) 24
n+5 n+5
2
 (j + 5) –  (j + 5) is equal to _________.
j=0 j=0
[Jee main 2021 (24-02-2021-shift-2)]
2
Q.82 Let the lines (2 – i) z = (2 + i) z and (2 + i) z + (i – 2) z – 4 i = 0 , (here i = – 1) be normal to a circle
C. If the line iz + z +1 + i = 0 is tangent to this circle C, then its radius is:
[Jee main 2021 (25-02-2021-shift-1)]
3 1 3
(A) (B) (C) 3 2 (D)
2 2 2 2 2
2 2
Q.83 If ,   R are such that 1 – 2i (here i = –1) is a root of z + z +  = 0, then ( – ) is equal to :
[Jee main 2021 (25-02-2021-shift-2)]
(A) –3 (B) –7 (C) 7 (D) 3
th 3 2
Q.84 The sum of 162 power of the roots of the equation x – 2x + 2x – 1 = 0 is
[Jee main 2021 (26-02-2021-shift-1)]
Q.85 Let z be those complex numbers which satisfy z + 5  4 and z 1 + i  + z 1 – i  ³ – 10, i = –1 . If the

2
maximum value of |z + 1| is α + β 2 , then the value of ( + ) is _______.
[Jee main 2021 (26-02-2021-shift-2)]
 | z | +11 
Q.86 Let a complex number z, |z|  1, satisfy log 1  2 
 2 . Then the largest value of |z| is equal
2  (| z | –1) 
to ______. [Jee main 2021 (16-03-2021-shift-1)]
(A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 5
zi
Q.87 Let z and w be two complex numbers such that w  zz  2z  2, z  3i  1 and Re(w) has minimum
n
value. Then, the minimum value of n   for which w is real, is equal to _______.
[Jee main 2021 (16-03-2021-shift-1)]
Q.88 The least value of |z| where z is complex number which satisfies the inequality
 (| z | +3)(| z | –1) 
exp  log e 2   log 2
5 7 + 9i ,i = –1 , is equal to :
 || z | +1 | 
[Jee main 2021 (16-03-2021-shift-2)]
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 2 (D) 8
Q.89 The area of the triangle with vertices A(z), B(iz) and C (z + iz) is :
[Jee main 2021 (17-03-2020-shift-1)]
1 2 1 1 2
(A) 1 (B) | z | (C) (D) | z + iz |
2 2 2
Q.90 Let S1, S2 and S3 be three sets defined as [Jee main 2021 (17-03-2021-shift-2)]

S1  z  C : z  1  2 
S2 = {z C : Re ((1 - i)z)  1}
S3 = {z  C : Im (z)  1}
Then the set S1  S2  S3
(A) is a singleton (B) has exactly two elements
(C) has infinitely many elements (D) has exactly three elements
2
Q.91 If the equation a | z | +αz + αz + d = 0 represents a circle where a,d are real constants then which of
the following condition is correct ? [Jee main 2021 (18-03-2021-shift-1)]
2 2
(A) | | – ad  0 (B) || – ad > 0 and a  R – {0}
2 +
(C) || – ad  0 and a  R (D)  = 0, a,d  R
2
Q.92 Let z1, z2 be the roots of the equation z + az + 12 = 0 and z1,z2 form an equilateral triangle with origin.
Then, the value of |a| is [Jee main 2021 (18-03-2021-shift-1)]
Q.93 Let a complex number be w = 1 – 3 i . Let another complex number z be such that |zw| = 1 and


arg(z) – arg(w) = . Then the area of the triangle with vertices origin, z and w is equal to :
2
[Jee main 2021 (18-03-2021-shift-2)]
1 1
(A) 4 (B) (C) (D) 2
2 4
3 3
Q.94 If f(x) and g(x) are two polynomials such that the polynomial P(x) = f(x ) + xg(x ) is divisible by
2
x + x + 1, then P(1) is equal to______. [Jee main 2021 (18-03-2021-shift-2)]
3  1 – 2z 
Q.95 If z and are complex numbers such that |z| = 1, arg(z) – arg () = , then arg   , is :
2  1  3z 
(Here arg (z) denotes the principal argument of complex number z)
[Jee main 2021 (20-07-2021-shift-1)]
 3 3 
(A)  (B) (C)  (D)
4 4 4 4
1
Q.96 If the real part of the complex number (1 – cos + i2sin)–1 is for   (0, ) , then the value of the
5

integral  sin xdx is equal to: [Jee main 2021 (20-07-2021-shift-2)]
0
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) – 1 (D) 2
Q.97 Let n denote the number of solutions of the equation z2 + 3z = 0, where z is a complex number. Then


1
value of  k is equal to: [Jee main 2021 (22-07-2021-shift-2)]
k 0 n
3 4
(A) (B) 2 (C) 1 (D)
2 3
Q.98 The equation of a circle is Re(z2) + 2 (lm(z))2 + 2Re(z) = 0, where z = x + iy. A line which passes
through the centre of the given circle and the vertex of the parabola, x2 –6x – y + 13 = 0, has y- intercept
equal to__________. [Jee main 2021 (25-07-2021-shift-2)]
Q.99 Let C be the set of all complex numbers. Let
S1 = {z  C || z – 3 – 2i|2 = 8},
S2 = {z  C | Re(z) e” 5} and
S3 = {z  C || z – z | e” 8}.
Then the number of elements in S1 S2  S3 is equal to : [Jee main 2021 (27-07-2021-shift-1)]
(A) Infinite (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2
Q.101 Let C be the set of all complex numbers. Let
S1 = {z  C : |z – 2| d” 1} and
S2 = {z  C : z(1 + i) + z (1 – i) e” 4}
2
5
Then, the maximum value of z  for z  S1  S2 is equal to
2
[Jee main 2021 (27-07-2021-shift-2)]
3 2 2 3 2 2
(A) (B)
4 4
5 2 2 5 2 2
(C) (D)
4 4
3  2i cos   
Q.101 If the real part of the complex number z = ,   0,  is zero, then the value of
1– 3i cos   2
sin23 + cos2 is equal to : [Jee main 2021 (27-07-2021-shift-2)]
 z 1  
Q.102 The equation arg    represents a circle with : [Jee main 2021 (26-08-2021-shift-1)]
 z 1 4
(A) centre at (0, 0) and radius 2 (B) centre at (0, 1) and radius 2
(C) centre at (0, –1) and radius 2 (D) centre at (0, 1) and radius 2
1 i 3
Q.103 Let z  , i  1 . Then the value of [Jee main 2021 (26-08-2021-shift-1)]
2
3 3 3 3
 1  1  1  1 
21   z     z 2  2    z3  3      z 21  21  is ______.
 z  z   z   z 
100
Q.104 If  3 i   299  p  iq  then p and q are roots of the equation :
[Jee main 2021 (26-08-2021-shift-2)]

2
(A) x   
3 1 x  3  0 2
(B) x   
3 1 x  3  0
2
(C) x   
3 1 x  3  0 2
(D) x   
3 1 x  3  0
n
 2i 
Q.105 The least positive integer n such that
1  i  , i  1 , is a positive integer, is _____.
n 2
[Jee main 2021 (26-08-2021-shift-2)]
 zi 
Q.106 If S  z   :    , then : [Jee main 2021 (27-08-2021-shift-1)]
 z  2i 
(A) S contains exactly two elements (B) S contains only one element
(C) S is a circle in the complex plane (D) S is a straight line in the complex plane

Q.107 Let z1 and z 2 be two complex number such that arg  z1  z 2   and , satisfy the
4
equation z  3  Re(z) . Then the imaginary part z1  z 2 is equal to ______.
[Jee main 2021 (27-08-2021-shift-2)]
a1 a2 a3
2r 2r a a5 a6
Q.108 If a r  cos  i sin , r = 1, 2, 3, …. i  1 , then the determinant 4 is equal to :
9 9 a a8 a9
7
[Jee main 2021 (31-08-2021-shift-1)]
(A) a 2 a 6  a 4 a 8 (B) a1a 9  a 3a 7 (C) a 9 (D) a 5
z2 
Q.109 A point z moves in the complex plane such that arg    , then the minimum value of
z2 4
2
z  9 2  2i is equal to ______. [Jee main 2021 (31-08-2021-shift-1)]
zi
Q.110 If z is a complex number such that is purely imaginary, then the minimum value of z   3  3i  is
z 1
[Jee main 2021 (31-08-2021-shift-2)]
(A) 2 2 (B) 6 2 (C) 2 2  1 (D) 3 2
Q.111 If for the complex number z satisfying z  2  2i  1 , the maximum value of 3iz  6 is attained at

a + ib, then a + b is equal to: [Jee main 2021 (01-09-2021-shift-2)]
ANSWER KEY
DPP-1
Q.1 A Q.2 B Q.3 C Q.4 B Q.5 C Q.6 C Q.7 A
Q.8 C Q.9 D Q.10 A Q.11 B Q.12 D Q.13 C Q.14 B
Q.15 B, C, D
DPP-2
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 D Q.4 C Q.5 C Q.6 C Q.7 A
Q.8 D Q.9 D Q.10 A Q.11 B Q.12 A Q.13 D Q.14 B
DPP-3
Q.1 C Q.2 B Q.3 B Q.4 A Q.5 A Q.6 C Q.7 C
Q.8 A Q.9 C Q.10 B Q.11 B Q.12 A Q.13 D Q.14 B
Q.15 D Q.16 B Q.17 A Q.18 B Q.19 C Q.20 C
DPP-4
Q.1 (i)D (ii)C Q.2 C Q.3 B Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 B Q.7 B
Q.8 D Q.9 A Q.10 D Q.11 B Q.12 A Q.13 C Q.14 C
Q.15 A Q.16 C Q.17 D Q.18 B Q.19 B, C, D Q.20 A, B
DPP-5
Q.1 B Q.2 A Q.3 A Q.4 D Q.5 A Q.6 C Q.7 C
Q.8 C Q.9 C Q.10 B Q.11 C Q.12 D Q.13 C Q.14 A
Q.15 A Q.16 C Q.17 B Q.18 D Q.19 C Q.20 D Q.21 B
DPP-6
Q.1 A Q.2 C Q.3 C Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 C Q.7 A
Q.8 B Q.9 B Q.10 D Q.11 B Q.12 D Q.13 A Q.14 B
Q.15 D Q.16 C Q.17 B Q.18 D Q.19 A, B, C, D Q.20 B, D
Q.21 C Q.22 C, D Q.23 A, B, C, D Q.24 A, B, C, D
Q.25 (A) Q, R; (B) P, S; (C) Q, S; (D) P, R
EXERCISE–I
21 12 8 22
Q.1 (a)  i (b) 3 + 4 i (c)  + 0 i (d) i (e) + 2  0 i or 0  2 i
5 5 29 5
4 4 4
Q.2 (i) Principal Arg z =  ; z = 2 cos ; Arg z = 2 k  k  I
9 9 9
(ii) Modulus = sec21 , Arg = 2 n (2 –  ) , Principal Arg = (2 –  )
 3  2
(iii) Principal value of Agr z =  & z = ; Principal value of Arg z = & z =
2 2 2 3
1  11 11
(iv) Modulus = cos ec , Arg z = 2n  , Principal Arg =
2 5 20 20
 2 2  5 3K
Q.3(a) x = 1, y = 2; (b) x = 1 & y = 2 ; (c) (2 , 2) or   3 ,  3  ; (d) (1 ,1)  0 ,  ; (e) x =K, y = KR
 2 2
Q.4 (a) 2, (b) – 11/2 Q.5 (a) [( 2, 2) ; ( 2,  2)] (b)  (77 +108 i)
Q.6 z = (2 + i) or (1 – 3i)
Q.7 (b) 2
Q.10 (a) The region between the co encentric circles with centre at (0 , 2) & radii 1 & 3 units
1 1
(b) region outside or on the circle with centre + 2i and radius .
2 2
(c) semi circle (in the 1st & 4th quadrant) x² + y² = 1 (d) a ray emanating from the point
(3 + 4i) directed away from the origin & having equation 3 x  y  4  3 3  0
2
 n (n  1) 
Q.11 18 Q.15 x3 + q x  r = 0 Q.16  n   n
Q.17 – 4 Q.18 (b) one if n is even ;  w² if n is odd

iz 1
Q.21 (Z + 1) (Z²  2Z cos 36° + 1) (Z²  2Z cos 108° + 1) Q.23  i
2 2
Q.24 (a)  – 2 ; (b) 1/2 Q.25 (A) R; (B) Q; (C) P
EXERCISE–II
7
Q.2 12 Q.6 (a) – , (b) zero Q.24 4 Q.17 48(1 - i)
2
1 2
Q.18 –  or – 2 Q.19 k > 
2
Q.20 | f (z) | is maximum when z = , where  is the cube root unity and | f (z) | = 13
4
Q.21 K = –
9
Q.22 required set is constituted by the angles without their boundaries, whose sides are the straight lines
y = ( 2  1) x and y + ( 2  1) x = 0 containing the x  axis
Q.23 198 Q.24 51
EXERCISE–III
Q. 1 C
Q. 2 (i) 7 A0 + 7 A7 x7 + 7 A14 x14 ; (ii) x3 + q x – r = 0
sin 2 n  2
Q.3 (a) A (b) A Q.4 z2 + z + = 0, where  =
sin 2  2n  1
Q.5 +1 + i 3 ,
 3i  , 2i Q.6 (a) C, (b) D Q.7 (a) B ; (b) B
2
k 2  
Q.9 (a) D ; (b) Centre  2 , Radius =
k 1
 
Q.10 (a) A, (b) B, (c) z2 = – 3 i ; z3 = 1  3  i ; z4 =
Q.11 D
Q.12 (a) D ; (b) D Q.13 (a) D ; (b) (i) B; (ii) C; (iii) D
Q.14 D Q. 15 A Q. 16 A, C, D Q. 17 1
Q. 18 A  Q, R ; B  P ; C  P, T ; D  Q, R, S, T
Q. 19 A Q. 20 5 Q. 21 Bonus
Q. 22 A  Q ; B  P ; C  S ; D  T Q. 23 A  S ; B  T ; C  R ; D  R
Q. 24 D Q. 25 D Q. 26 C Q. 27 B, C, D Q. 28 C, D Q. 29 C
Q. 30 B Q. 31 C Q. 32 C Q. 33 D Q. 34 4 Q. 35 D
Q. 36 A,C,D Q. 37 1 Q. 38 A Q. 39 B,D Q.40 A,B,D Q. 41 A,C,D
Q.42 C Q.43 D Q.44 D Q.45 Bonus Q.46 C Q.47 C
Q.48 A Q.49 C Q.50 D Q.51 C Q.52 A Q.53 A
Q.54 B Q.55 A Q.56 A Q.57 A Q.58 B Q.59 D
Q.60 B Q.61 3.00 Q.62 C Q.63 B Q.64 D Q.65 A
Q.66 A Q.67 A Q.68 C Q.69 B Q.70 4 Q.71 A
Q.72 C Q.73 C Q.74 D Q.75 C Q.76 A Q.77 A
Q.78 BC Q.79 8 Q.80 10 Q.81 310 Q.82 D Q.83 B
Q.84 3 Q.85 48 Q.86 B Q.87 4 Q.88 A Q.89 B
Q.90 C Q.91 B Q.92 6 Q.93 B Q.94 0 Q.95 C
Q.96 B Q.97 D Q.98 1 Q.99 C Q.100 D Q.101 1
Q.102 B Q.103 13 Q.104 D Q.105 6 Q.106 D Q.107 6
Q.108 B Q.109 98 Q.110 A Q.111 5

Best Approach: Complex Number (Sheet)

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Best Approach: Complex Number (Sheet)

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Best Approach

Purely real Purely imaginary Imaginary

6. IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF CONJUGATE / MODULI / AMPLITUDE :

9. CUBE ROOT OF UNITY :

10. nth ROOTS OF UNITY :

12. STRAIGHT LINES & CIRCLES IN TERMS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS :

14. PTOLEMY’S THEOREM :

15. LOGARITHM OF A COMPLEX QUANTITY :

2(i  1) (1  i 3)  3 1  3 1

z  z1 (x  10)  i(y  6) [(x  10)  i(y  6)][(x  4)  i(y  6)]

z  z1 (x  4)(x  6)  (y  10)(y  6)  6(y  6)

8. If z1, z2 and z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle and z0 be its orthocentre, then z12  z 22  z 32  kz 02 ,

9z 02  z12  z 22  z 32  z(z1z 2  z 2 z 3  z 3 z1 )  3  z12  z 22  z 32 

[Since z12  z 22  z 32  z1z 2 ]

15. If z1, z2, z3 are complex numbers such that 2  1  1 , show that the points represented by z1, z2, z3

16. If z  3  2i  4 , then the absolute difference between the maximum and minimum values of | z | is

(A) 2 11 (B) 3 11 (C) 2 13 (D) 3 13

(b) If z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 then z13  z 32  z 33  3z1 z 2 z 3

18. If   1  i 3 and n is a positive integer which is not a multiple of 3, then  2n  2 n  n  22n 

12. Number of complex numbers z satisfying z 3  z is

One or more than one is/are correct

8. If z1, z2 are two complex numbers & a, b are two real numbers then, az1  bz 2 2  bz1  az 2 2 =

3. Let i =  1 . Define a sequence of complex number by z1 = 0, zn + 1 = z 2n + i for n  1. In the complex

(A) 2 =  (B)  = 2 (C) 2 = 3  (D)  = 32

11. The points z1 = 3 + 3 i and z2 = 2 3 + 6i are given on a complex plane. The complex number lying

15. z1 & z2 are two distinct points in an argand plane. If a z1 = b z 2 , (where a, b  R) then the point

Paragraph of questions nos. 19 to 21

2. Number of imaginary complex numbers satisfying the equation, z2 = z 21|z| is

10. Intercept made by the circle z z +  z +  z + r = 0 on the real axis on complex plane, is

(A) (   )  r (B) (   ) 2  2r (C) (   ) 2  r (D) (   ) 2  4r

One ore more than one is/are correct:

(B) z2 + z + 1 = 0 (Q) –  3

(C) 2z2 + 1 + i 3 = 0 (R) 3

(D) 2z2 + 1 – i 3 = 0 (S) 2 3

VERY ELEMENTARY EXERCISE

Q.3 Find the square root of : (a) 9 + 40 i (b) 11  60 i (c) 50 i

Q.4 (a) If f (x) = x4 + 9x3 + 35x2  x + 4, find f ( – 5 + 4i)

Q.5 Among the complex numbers z satisfying the condition z  3  3 i  3 , find the number having the

Paragraph for question nos. 20 to 22

e 2iA eiC eiB

Q.22 If x = 1+ i 3 ; y = 1  i 3 & z = 2 , then prove that xp + yp = zp for every prime p > 3.

(ii) Prove the identity: (C0 – C2 + C4 – C6 + .....)2 + (C1 – C3 + C5 – C7 + .......)2 = 2n

Q.13 Show that all the roots of the equation  1  i x   1  i a a  R are real and distinct.

(b) For complex numbers z & , prove that, |z|2  – ||2 z = z –  if and only if, z =  or z  = 1

(c) Let a complex number  ,   1, be a root of the equation zp+q – zp – zq + 1 = 0 where p, q are distinct

(b) Comprehension (3 questions together)

Q. 22 Match the statement given in Column I with the values given in Column II [JEE 2011]

Comprehension (Q. 29 to Q.30)

(A) 1  1  y 2 (B) 1  1  y 2 (C) 1  1  y 2 (D) 1  1  y 2

Q.44 Let z0 be a root of the quadratic equation, x2 + x + 1 = 0, If z = 3 + 6i z81 93

to; [Jee main 2019 (09-01-2019-shift-2)]

[Jee main 2019 (11-01-2019-shift-1)]

Q.48 Let z be a complex number such that |z| + z = 3 + i (where i = – 1 ). Then |z| is equal to:

[Jee main 2019 (08-04-2019-shift-2)]

equal to : [Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-1)]

(A) y3 (B) y(y2 – 1) (C) y(y2 – 3) (D) y3 – 1

[Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-1)]

[Jee main 2019 (09-04-2019-shift-2)]

Q.58 The equation z – i = z – 1 , i = – 1 , represents:

Q.60 Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying | z  2  i |  5 . If the complex number z0 is such

4 3 4

equation : [Jee main 2020 (08-01-2020-shift-2)]

Q.74 If the four complex numbers z, z , z -2Re( z ) and z-2Re(z) represent the vertices of a square of side

Q.77 Let z=x+iy be a non-zero complex number such that z2 = i|z|2, where i  1 , then z lies on the

z + α | z – 1 | +2i = 0 (z  C and i = –1) has a solution, are p and q respectively; then 4(p2 + q2) is

[Jee main 2021 (25-02-2021-shift-1)]

Q.85 Let z be those complex numbers which satisfy z + 5  4 and z 1 + i  + z 1 – i  ³ – 10, i = –1 . If the

[Jee main 2021 (26-02-2021-shift-2)]

(A) 8 (B) 7 (C) 6 (D) 5

(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 2 (D) 8

[Jee main 2021 (17-03-2020-shift-1)]

Q.90 Let S1, S2 and S3 be three sets defined as [Jee main 2021 (17-03-2021-shift-2)]

Q.93 Let a complex number be w = 1 – 3 i . Let another complex number z be such that |zw| = 1 and

[Jee main 2021 (18-03-2021-shift-2)]

[Jee main 2021 (20-07-2021-shift-1)]

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) – 1 (D) 2