Worksheet#2 - Science - Class 9

SOMERVILLE SCHOOL
NOIDA CLASS – IX
DATE: 08/04/2020
SCIENCE
CHAPTER – 8 : MOTION
SYNOPSIS:
• Rest: A body is said to be in a state of rest when its position does not change with respect to a
reference point.
Motion: A body is said to be in a state of motion when its position change continuously with
reference to a point.
Rest and motion are relative terms.
• Difference between Distance and Displacement

Distance Displacement
• Shortest length between initial point and
• Length of actual path travelled by an object.
final position of an object.
• It is scalar quantity. • It is vector quantity.
• It can be positive (+ve), negative (-ve) or
• It remains positive can’t be ‘0’ or negative.
zero.
• Distance can be equal to displacement (in
• Displacement is always less than or equal to
linear path). It can never be less than
distance travelled.
displacement.
• Difference between speed and velocity
Speed Velocity
• Velocity = Displacement/Time
• Speed = Distance travelled / Time
It is the speed of a body in given direction.
• Velocity is a vector quantity. Its value
• Speed is a scalar quantity. changes when either its magnitude or
direction changes.
• It can be positive (+ve), negative (-ve) or
• It remains positive can’t be ‘0’ or negative.
zero.
• Average speed = Total distance travelled / Total time taken
• Average velocity can be calculated as follows :

➢ When velocity of an object changes at non – uniform rate, then
𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
• When velocity of an object changes at uniform rate, then

𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 + 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑢+𝑣
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 = =
2 2
• Uniform motion: When an object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time, it is said to be
in uniform motion.
• Non-uniform motion: Motions where objects cover unequal distances in equal intervals of time.
• Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with time.

𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑣 − 𝑢
𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑎) = =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡
If v > u, then ‘a’ will be positive (+ve).

If v < u, ‘a’ = negative (-ve) it is also called Retardation.
• Uniform Acceleration: An object is said to have a uniform acceleration if its velocity changes by
equal amounts in equal time intervals.
• Non - Uniform Acceleration : An object is said to have a non-uniform acceleration if its velocity
changes (increases or decreases) by unequal amounts in unequal time intervals
• Graphical Representation of Motion :

1. Distance-Time Graph
For a distance-time graph, time is taken on x-axis and distance is taken on the y-axis.
Speed = Slope of distance-time graph
2. Velocity-Time Graph
For a velocity-time graph, time is taken on x-axis and velocity is taken on the y-axis.
Acceleration = Slope of velocity-time graph
Displacement = Area under the v-t graph
• Equations of Motion :
➢ Velocity-Time Relation : 𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
1
➢ Position-Time Relation : 𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 2 𝑎𝑡 2
➢ Position-Velocity Relation : 𝑣 2 − 𝑢2 = 2𝑎𝑠
• Uniform Circular Motion
➢ If a body is moving in a circular path with uniform speed, then it

is said to be executing uniform circular motion.
➢ In such a motion the speed may be same throughout the motion
but its velocity (which is tangential) is different at each and every point of
its motion. Thus, uniform circular motion is an accelerated motion.
• For uniform circular motion : Velocity = Circumference of circle

/ Time
2𝜋𝑟
𝑣=
𝑡
For further reference please follow the link below:
http://ncert.nic.in/textbook/textbook.htm?iesc1=8-15
WORKSHEET :
1. How will the equations of motion change for an object in uniform motion?
2. A scooter moving at a speed of 10m/s is stopped by applying brakes which produce a uniform
acceleration of -0.5m/s2. How much distance will be covered by the scooter before it stops?
3. A bus was moving with a speed of 54km/h. On applying brakes it stopped in 8s. Calculate the
acceleration.
4. A student walks to his school at a distance of 8km with constant speed of 2km/h and walks back
with a constant speed of 4km/h. Determine the average speed for the round trip.
5. What can you infer about the motion of a body when

i) distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to time axis.
ii) distance travelled is directly proportional to time.
iii) displacement is directly proportional to the square of time taken.
iv) average velocity is equal to mean of its initial and final velocity.
6. The data regarding the motion of two different objects P and Q is given in the following table.
Plot the distance – time graph and state whether the motion of the objects is uniform or non-
uniform.
Distance travelled by object P Distance travelled by object Q
Time
(in m) (in m)
9:30am 10 12
9:45am 20 19
10:00am 30 23
10:15am 40 35
10:30am 50 37
10:45am 60 41
11:00am 70 44
7. A ball is thrown vertically upwards. It rises to a height of 39.2m and then comes back to the
thrower. Calculate
i) its initial speed,
ii) the time for which it remained in the air.
iii) the distance travelled and the displacement of the ball.
Also plot the (speed-time) and (velocity-time) graph for this motion.
8. From the velocity-time graph shown here, find the

i) acceleration of the body between A and B.
ii) acceleration of the body between B and C.
iii) distance covered by the body in last 12 seconds.
iv) average velocity in the region ABE.
9. A circular cycle track has a circumference of 314m with AB as one of its diameter. A cyclist travels
from A to B along the circular path with a velocity of constant magnitude of 15.7m/s. Find the
i) distance moved by the cyclist.
ii) displacement covered.
iii) average velocity of the cyclist.
10. The length of minute hand of a clock is 5cm, calculate its speed.
11. Draw (v-t) graph of an object in uniformly accelerated motion with initial velocity u. Use this
graph to derive the equation of motion relating position and velocity of an object.
12. A car starts from rest and moves along the x-axis with constant acceleration 5m/s2 for 8 seconds.
If it then continues with constant velocity, what distance will the car cover in 12 seconds since it
started from rest?
13. An object starting from rest travels 20m in first 2s and 160m in next 4s. What will be the velocity
after 7s from start?
14. A girl walks along a straight path to drop a letter in the letterbox and comes back to her initial
position. Her displacement-time graph is shown below. Plot a velocity-time graph for the same.

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SOMERVILLE SCHOOL

• Difference between Distance and Displacement

• Difference between speed and velocity

• Average speed = Total distance travelled / Total time taken

• Average velocity can be calculated as follows :

• When velocity of an object changes at uniform rate, then

• Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with time.

If v > u, then ‘a’ will be positive (+ve).

• Graphical Representation of Motion :

• Uniform Circular Motion

➢ If a body is moving in a circular path with uniform speed, then it

• For uniform circular motion : Velocity = Circumference of circle

5. What can you infer about the motion of a body when

8. From the velocity-time graph shown here, find the

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