Annexure I

Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.
, Angul
SMS
SIEMAM
250 t / 200 MVA EAF Meltshop
held at SMS India, Gurgaon
Meeting #13
INDAL
STEEL & POWER
Subject: #13 Project And Design Review Meeting

Date: 15 - 18.06.2011

Place: Gurgaon, India
Participants:

JSPL Mr. Ajay Pal Singh SDE Mr. Ralf Ziemann - PM

Mr. Deepak Verma Mr. Thorsten Meier
MECON SID Mr. M.G.K. Murthy - PM

Mr. Vinod Kumar Mr. Deepak Sharma - Project Management
Mr. Ganesh Lakra Mr. Rahul Kohal - Project Management
Mr. S N Mukherjee Mr. Atul Arora - (EAF & LHF)
Mr. Jayanta Kumar Sarkar Mr. Rajesh Upadhyay - (Duplex RH)
Mr. Mithlesh Singh Mr. Hare Ram Singh (Civil)
Mr. Pankaj Kumar Mr. R.Saxena - E&A
Mr. Santanu Mazumdar (Hyd.)
Mr. Ashok Fartale (Hyd.)
k:. I
Vt
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q 6a let 4
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Ce tAR‘\"71S-PA
Date of print: 6/18/2011 Page 1 of 1

4 NNEXthKE --I
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LIST OF REVISIONS
Indices
Index
00 01 02 03 04 05
Date 20.09.05 17.04.07 02.06.09 21.03.11
Santos Kellerman Weyand/
Author /Obrock Obrock Wacker
Electric and Automation EAB2 EAP2 EAP3 EAP2
Revision
Index Page
01 •
02
03
WarAa
04
05
06 earA#P2011r
qk Ara N.. Sar
r.
ANIXS
Index Approved:
Name / si, nature
00 Sant .
01 17.04.07 Kelle Obrock, EAP2 Obrock, EAP2
02 02.06.09 Weyand, Obrock, EAP3 Obrock, EAP3
03 21.03.11 Wacker, 2 Wacker, EAP2 Wacker, EAP2
04
05
06
I
A
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LIST OF CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTENTS 3
1 INTRODUCTION 6
1.1 General 6
1.2 Definition for primary and secondary earthing 7
1.3 The Principle of designing an earthing system: 8
2 DESIGN OF PRIMARY EARTHING SYSTEM 10
2.1 Types of earth electrodes 10
2.2 Main Components in primary earthi 11
2.2.1 Earth electrodes 14
2.2.2 Earth rods 14
2.2.3 Deep earth piles 14
2.2.4 Steel pipes 14
2.2.5 Imbedded metalli 14
2.2.6 Floor armouring 14
2.3 Lightning arrester 15
2.3.1 Air terrninatio 15
2.3.2 Down condu 15
3 DESIGN OF SE IP EARNING SYSTEM 16
3.1 Overview of the secondary earthing network 16
3.2 Main Components of secondary earthing system 17
3.2.1 Protective conductor (1) 17
3.2.2 Protective bonding conductor (2, 4) 17
3.2.3 Protective earthing conductor (3) 18
3.2.4 Earthing terminal, main earthing busbar (5) 19
3.2.5 Neutral conductor, mid-point conductor 19
3.3 What shall be earthed in the secondary earthing system 20
3.4 Testing and measurement for the secondary earthing system 20
3.5 Type of earth network for power supply 20
3.5.1 TN network 20
3.5.2 TT network: 22
3.5.3 IT network 23
4 EXAMPLES FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EARTHING 24
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4.1 Examples for primary earthing 24

4.1.1 Foundation 24
4.1.2 Deep earth Pile 25
4.1.3 Mesh earth network 26
4.1.4 Ring earth electrode 26
4.1.5 Building equipotential bonding 27
4.1.6 Earthing connections 28
4.1.7 Disconnecting point 31
4.1.8 Earthing for rails 32
4.1.9 Earthing of lighting mast 34
4.1.10 Earthing of lighting devices 35
4.1.11 Earthing of fireplugs 36
4.1.12 Earthing of storage ar 37
4.1.13 Earthing of build' 38
4.1.14 Earthing for er 39
4.1.15 Earthing of bridges 42
4.1.16 Earthing of colum 45
4.1.17 Conduit with i 46
4.1.18 Tanks, stairs, 47
4.1.19 Crane systems,ms 47
I 4.1.20 Ground — burled ca es 48
4.1.21 Cable conduits 48
4.1.22 Central earthing point 48
4.2 Lightning protection system for construction and structure 50
4.2.1 Air Terminations of lightning arrester for buildings 50
4.2.2 Down conductors for lightning arrester earthing 51
4.2.3 Examples of lightning arrester 52
4.2.4 Lightning devices: numbers of down leads from buildings 58
4.2.5 Isolation Point of lightning arrester earthing system 59
4.2.6 Connection of the lightning protection system with metal parts 61
4.3 Secondary earthing example 62
4.3.1 Earthing of cable shields (TE2) 62
4.3.2 Grounding of variable speed drives 62
4.3.3 Earthing of cable trays 62
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4.3.4 Earthing of mechanical equipment, motor base frames etc. 62

5 ATTACHED TABLES 63

5.1 Material coefficients k (for section 2.2.1) 63

5.2 Ground resistivity (for section 2.2.1) 65

5.3 Selection of material and size of earth electrodes (for section 2.2.1) 66

5.4 Size and materials for earth rods (for section 2.2.2) 67

6 ANNEX AND SOURCE OF REFERENCES 68

6.1 Earthing terms 68

6.2 Source of references 70
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
To earth a system or equipment means to:
Promote personal safety and reduce fire hazards.
Protect the electrical equipment.
Reduce the voltage difference between two points.
Play the role of potential reference for electrostatic shielding (see EMC-guideline).
The basis of a qualified earthing and lightning protection of an industrial installation is a

good grounding together with a low resis equipotential earth system.
In terms of the allowable contact v and the admissible cross
sections of the earth conducto re earthing system shall be
designed according to the f dards:
> For installation of
VDE 0100,
VDE 0100, p
VDE 0100, pa
For installation of
VDE 0101,
VDE 014
For foundation relevant requirements

DIN 18014
VDE 0151
For electrical installations of buildings

VDE 0800, part 2-548, IEC 60364-5-548
For lightning protection
VDE 0185, part 1, 2, 3, 4, IEC 62305-1, -2, -3, -4
VDE 0185, part 201, 202, EN 50164-1, -2
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1.2 Definition for primary and secondary earthing

The earthing system can be divided into the primary and the secondary earthing system.
Primary earthing: All the earthing work which has to be done while the foundation,
buildings and other fundamental facilities are constructed. It includes the earthing
equipment (conduits, shields, cables, earth rods, conductors, etc.) underground and the
associated structures. Its main purpose is to provide protection against electric shock and
to set up an earth network for functional earthing. The primary earthing system belongs
typically to the scope of the civil and steel structure contractor.
Lightning protection needs a special ea hing system and is part of primary earthing. It
is explained in chapter 4.2
Secondary earthing: The ea during the installation of
the plant equipment. Fun ' • made to protect the
equipment and human terfered by external
influence. Normally work. This
earthing work m operational
function of the eq by connecting to the
existing primary ea em belongs typically to the
scope of the electrical
I
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medium voltage
rnrPnr s,,,,
PE
---r lift cable rack
to lidnwe 1411111111111/aoSsabrii Myth

def, irstasesa
transforMer UMW I INI mile

all
central earth point
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preteethm -nit PE
sysarth earth rei rem
shield earth TIM —
-- -.—•
Gs WI a 10
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main distribution
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PE --
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sub-distribution board, dusk etc.

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en peas. was..a taitevi— • —
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Swim Ow Soy
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Earthing scheme 1.3

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2 DESIGN OF PRIMARY EARTHING SYSTEM
2.1 Types of earth electrodes

Canneclkin point
Fig 2.1: Common ce earth electrode,

foundation earth
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2.2 Main Components in primary earthing systems
Cable ladder
Low Voltage
Kile3SUrem
Low voltage Ladle transfer

Control desks
distribution to inal boxes
aa 00C10
CIO DOCID
4 fI
Floor amou ing
Intercom
AG
communication
Motor limit switch
• Foundation earth

0
Plant earth
---I Separate bracket Floor
armouring
Lightning protection plant
Earthing: Low voltage

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High Voltage Cable ladder
Door earth
High voltage Pressure

distribution release
Metal
construction
Floor armouring
Cable end
piece
Equipotential bonding
• Foundation earth
0
Plant earth
iSeparate bracket Floor
armouring
Earthing: High voltage

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Building and
Installation
7 Ventilation
Gas
Heater
Drain outer
Water
Equipotential bonding
Foundation earth
O
t et, iNt-
Planfeirth
eparate bracket Floor
armouring
Earthing: Building and instillation
Cable ladder
cn
2
w
Building and
Installation
w
a,
Lift safeguard
7.2
Metal construction
tit
Equip otential bonding

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E-5 Foundation earth
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Plant earth
tni
Separate bracket
armouring
() Lightning protedion plant
z
(r)
—J
U)
Earthing: Building and installation
cD
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2.2.1 Earth electrodes

The impedance of the earth electrode is decided by the soil in which the electrode
is buried (refer to chapter 5.1)
The depth of the earth electrode is based on the requirement that the electrode's
performance will not be affected by the weather. Normally the minimum depth is 1
meter.
As a general rule, the earth electrode must be installed in natural and if possible in
humid earth, not in ballast or the bottom of the excavation land to avoid the
electrode and conductor risking drowned in the concrete.
The material and size of electrodes will accord to the corrosion and mechanical
strength it will bear. The following rious type of earth electrodes can be chosen
when designing an earthing sy, efer to ch 5.3)
2.2.2 Earth rods

Earth rods are d conductivity of transition
with the earth
The size a ing to chapter 5.4
2.2.3 Deep earth plies

The size and mate rding to the site condition.
2.2.4 Steel pipes

Size is accordin
2.2.5 Imbedded metallic parts

Used to protect or shield the imbedded cables or as a part of the earth network to consist
i and assist the build-up of the earthing system. Their material and size shall be decided
according to the earthing condition.
f 2.2.6 Floor armouring

See section 4.1.3, Mesh earth network
l
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2.3 Lightning arrester equipment

It shall be decided by the earthing situation and requirements.
2.3.1 Air terminations

All buildings shall be equipped with air terminations. For metal-covered buildings, the
metal roof is regarded as air termination, if it complies with requirements of VDE 0185,
part 1, section 521, 526, 529.
Fo- roof structures arranged on a metallic roof, different cases shall be taken into account
(refer to section 4.2.1).
2.3.2 Down conductors

All air terminations shall be co e of the building or
earthing network resp r to section 4.2.2).
It shall consist of
End cover (
Screwed con
Cable lug for
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3 DESIGN OF SECONDARY EARTHING SYSTEM

3.1 Overview of the secondary earthing network
Note: the numbers in the enumeration are use in the following chapters
Protective conductor
Protective bonding conductor
Protective earthing conductor
Protective bonding conductor, connection between the exposed conductive part of a
piece of electrical operating equipment and an (external) conductive part
Main earthing terminal or main earthing busbar
Exposed conductive part of electrical operating equipment
External conductive part
Water pipe
Earth electrode, such as function earth electrode, or reinforcement of the building
foundation
Other earthing connections, such as function earth, telecommunication earth
I
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3.2 Main Components of secondary earthing system

3.2.1 Protective conductor (1)
Description: a protective conductor is the conductive connection between an exposed
conductive part with the main earthing terminal or busbar.
Protective conductor resistance: Values for protective conductor resistance have been
adapted to DIN VDE 0702:
The limit value is 0.3 ohms (to 5 m) plus 0.1 ohms per additional 7.5 m.
Size and material: There are two methods to determine the cross-section of the
protective conductor:
- Calculation formula for the prof ductor crosaelection A:
A=IF [mm2)
kF
A = protective earthi
IF = fault current i
tF = response/tri
k = factor for mated
Factor k = Arc / mm2' conductor material (c.f. chapter 7)
Experienced
minimum cross section of the corresponding
protective conductor(PE)(A, mm2)
As16m A
I 16 mm2 < A s 3 mm2 16 mm2
A/2
35 mm2 < A
1 Note: the identifying colour for the protective conductor is green/yellow.

Protective conductor connections must be protected from destruction of mechanical,
chemical or electrodynamic influences. They must be accessible for inspection and check
if they are not encapsulated in resin or sealed.
I
I 3.2.2 Protective bonding conductor (2, 4)
Description: the conductive connections are used to ensure equipotential bonding. They
include main equipotential bonding conductors, which connect the main earthing terminals
or busbars of a plant to each other and other conductive parts, additional equipotential
bonding conductors connecting the conductive parts.
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Size and material:

Main equipotential Additional equipotential bonding
bonding
At least 6 mm2 Cu or equivalent With mechanical 2.5 mm2 Cu or Al
conduction value) protection .)
Without mechanical 4mm2 Cu or AI')
protection
Normal Half of the size of the Between two exposed The same size as
main protective conductor conductive parts the smaller
protective
conductor
Between an exposed Half of the size of
ductive part and an the protective
emal cond e part conductor
Possible 25 mm2 Cu or equiva m2 C 25 mm2 Cu or
limitation conduction value * ivalen equivalent
al conduction value
LS *) **)
*) unprotected I
**) A cross sectio g protective earthing
conductor (3) varia we earthing conductor (3)).
Connection: includ plant, such as framework and

metallic structu Ikwa3bors and stairs, piping works, cable
tracks metal ies, etc. These parts must be connected to the
nearest netwo ortest possible connection.
Note: in case of the own assemblies, their electrical continuity must be

guaranteed.
3.2.3 Protective earthing conductor (3)

Description: The conductors which connect the plant parts to be earthed to the earth
electrodes are installed outside the ground or installed as insulated connectors.
The cross-section A shall be according to the following calculation:
A= IF [mm2]
A = protective earthing conductor cross section in mm2
IF = fault current in A
tF = response/tripping time of the protective device in s, here tF 55 s
k = factor for material coefficients in A4- / mm2
Factor k = ANT; / mm2 is a value which depends on the conductor material. (Refer to
protective conductor part I)
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Size and material selection
With mechanical protection Without mechanical

protection
Protection against As specified in the former 16 mm2 copper, or 16 mm2
corrosion(can be achieved part protective conductor in iron hot dip galvanized
by shielding) this chapter
Without corrosion 25 mm2 copper or 50 mm2 hot dip galvanized iron
protection
Note: these earthing conductors which are not underground should be installed visible or
be accessible behind covers. They must be protected from destruction of mechanical or
chemical influence.
Connection: by welding, bolting 10) or by terminals.
3.2.4 Earthing terminal, main e

Description: The e the conductors
including nd earthing
conductor (3).
Size and material: the ust accord to the largest

protective conducto
Note: the di ns with above mentioned conductors can only be
possible by us
3.2.5 Neutral conductor, -point conductor

Description: A neutral conductor normally serves as a current return wire which connects
the neutral point, star point or mid point of electric energy source to the earthing network.
Size and material: the same size as the line conductors. Exemption: in TN networks, the
PEN conductor uses fixed cross-section 10 mm2 or more.
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3.3 What shall be earthed in the secondary earthing system
OvervoRage Outdoor electric r supply line,

protection equipment, ignal hies To lightning protection
Electric Motors, couplings, Connect to the earthing refer to
equipments connected cables system fig.4.2.2
Connect to
mach equipotentional
bonding system
gi electrodes
Secondary ble
earthing Cable shields deshields (exclusive to lelds(excluslve to fig. 4.2.3
under ground To bulbar a),b),c)
under ground ones)
EMC
Cable trays Ref.fig.4.2.4
Note: The table ea in thttocondary earthing system.

In general all the na e Na ngiel! be connected to the
earthing system, for xa art d o 'nidevices, the metal structures
and all the parts whic liv
3.4 Testing and mea econdary earthing system

The testing an Ur t shall accord to DIN VDE 0701: 2000-09 and DIN EN
61000.
Protective condu cult current testing is required for all safety class I devices under
test for which insulation resistance cannot be measured, and for which all exposed
conductive parts are connected to the protective conductor.
3.5 Type of earth network for power supply

3.5.1 TN network
Applied to preyent over current and fault current
Disconnecting condition: Z, • i f < U.
Z. = impedance of the fault loop;
If = current causes automatic disconnecting;
Uo = nominal voltage against earthed conductor;
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A) TN-C network: the TN-C network with its combined PE and N as one PEN conductor.
In unsymmetrical operation circulating currents (interference currents in terms of EMC)
will flow via the neutral conductor/PE.
TN-C network: £nsformer to the

consuming
parate conductors which are connected near the

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3.5.2 TT network:
Applied to prevent over current, fault current, fault voltage
Disconnecting condition: R. • IfLIL
R. = earthing resistance at the earth electrode of the exposed conductive parts.
Ir = current causes automatic disconnecting;
UL = agreed limit of the permanently permissible contact voltage
The TT-network uses a local earthing, i.e., it is also separated from the neutral conductor.
Each consumer has its own high-quality connection to earth, and will not notice any
currents that may be caused by other consumers on a shared PE line.
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3.5.3 IT network
Applied to prevent Over current, fault current, fault voltage and insulation monitoring
Disconnecting condition: R. - Id 5 LIL
R.= earthing resistance at the earth electrode of the exposed conductive parts.
Id = fault current in the case of first fault with negligible impedance between a line
conductor and the protective conductor or the exposed conductive part connected to it.
UL =agreed limit of the permanently permissible contact voltage
The earth connection, as in the case of the TT network, is separated from the neutral
conductor, the use of filters to prevent asymmetric interference currents is not possible.
IT-network: In an ITilinvork, the distribution system has no connection to earth at all, or it

has only a high impedance connection.
1
1
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4 EXAMPLES FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EARTHING

4.1 Examples for primary earthing
4.1.1 Foundation
The foundations of the brick-wall buildings shall be connected at 4 points (corners of the
building) to the ring earth electrode (copper cable installed with 1m distance, 0,5m deep
around the building).
A Galvanized steel strip, 30 x 4 mm shall be connected to the reinforcement of the
foundation and brought out on the inner s e of the outer wall. An insulated copper wire,
95mm2 , black, shall be routed throug • er wall e ring earth electrode to the
steel strip and connected (by a ca er). The wall penetration
shall consist of a PVC pipe. T compound after drawing
in the wire.
Reinforcement
Cross connector
Steel strip
Screwed connection M 10 with serrated lock washer or welded connection
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Copper wire, 50 mm2

Isolated wall entrance(puc sheat)
Installation support??
Foundation
9) Compression Tee joint 45
4.1.2 Deep earth Pile

A tension pile with its support shall be connected at the top of the pile, which is selected
from drawing 4.1. 2. The selection of the piles will be according to the site condition.
Erection
After the concreting of the pile and befo zing of pile top's reinforcement, a galvanized
steel strip of 4 x 40 mm shall be scre a reinforce t pile. For this clamps
according to fig. 4.1.5 will be used.
5 reinforcements shall be con
The steel strip shall be laid e concrete after
concreting at the side of refore it will be not cut
unintentionally.
The proper er
certificate.
The connection of ter together with the ring
earth.
%mem an MO
Fig. 4.1.2: Connection of deep earth connector.

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4.1.3 Mesh earth network

The earth network consists of the following sections:
Ring earth of buildings
Equipotential bonding network of buildings
Connection wires between the ring earth of different buildings
Earth wires below or beside the equipment in the open air
An earth ring of 95 mm 2 copper wire will be laid in the depth of about 0,5 m and in the
distance of about 1 m around each building. All earth rings and other earth wires shall be
connected to each other, so that a network will be built up.
The connection is made via compression tee joints. Under roads and trucks etc. the
copper wire shall be laid in conduits. Ea network and deep earth (piles and steel sheet
piling) are connected to each other a Sup the ea the whole plant.
The spacing between the pare regular and take into

account the implementatio a type that the lines
are situated preferably
As a general rule th
4.1.4 Ring earth electrode

A copper cable, 95mrn2 round the building at a distance of
lm and about 0,5m connected to the ring earth
electrode by a e cop i i able/copper cable connection will be
effected by terminals. The connecting cable will be laid 0,5m
deep in the g pward along the concrete base of the columns. From
about 0,4m in th , the cable will be protected by a galvanized heavy-gauge
steel conduit. Pipes to be fastened by clamps.
A connection block will be fastened to the column (welded; if not possible, screwed with
two screws M10). The copper cable with cable lug and the flat bar of the earth rod will be
screwed to the connection block (screw M10 x 20).
I
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connection to earthing block eartNng block connected

Ipotringel equilcallon by ring earth connector connection of topper wire
Nth oenriectle&
71 Alf
;i
I
Fig 4.1.4
4.1.5 Building equIpotenti nding

All columns inside a building shall be connected to each other by a copper cable with
branches (95mm2) via the ring earth electrode.
Points of connections (terminal plugs) made of galvanized steel strip shall be provided
beside or on the steel columns of the buildings. The following earth conductors will be
connected to each of theses terminal lugs:
-Terminal lugs of galvanized steel strip, which protrude out of the concrete slab and are
connected to the earth rod (piles).
- Connections to the column to be of galvanized steel strip. If the a.m. terminal lug is
welded to the columns, this connection is not necessary.
- Connection to the ring feeder via a bare copper cable 95mm2. What must be observed
here is that the cable lugs will be finned and the cable shall be protected against
mechanical stressing (by a cable conduit).
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4.1.6 Earthing connections
a) Connections Types
I) send piece
1/41, cirtual•r conductor oath plate
circular conductor with construction
Offer= 2) oren senator Von

circular conductor with Mora mirk,
2) arose connactinn
circular conductor with circular conductor
4) cornpnroadod toe Joint

copper taro with capper wire
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Cu compressed cable lug

51 screwed connection M10
copper wire with construction
alvanized steel strip

`serrated lock washer 10,50
1 x20
screw M0 \nut M 10
acre M 10 Cu compressed cable lug
5) screwed connection M10

copper wire with construction
serrated lock washer 10,50
construction part
or reinforcement
7) spark gap
plate - spark gap - pipe
OP.
end cover spark gap
plate Sn. SOU

min.0,75 Ego
MN MI
dip
M
b) Terminal connedion
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,
480o
terminal connection
0
CNI
Ni o6
t cc)
oo
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4.1.7 Disconnecting point
Fri
rrfr771—. 7-C-74.; e
Legend:
Armouring iron Jerj
Terminal connection
Steel strip
Screwed connection (4.1 10 with serrated lock washer
Copper wire 95 mm2`
Conduit (galvanized steel conduit)
Clip
Foundation
Compressed branch terminal
Circular conductor 8 7 -101
Cable holder
End cover with fix-contact
Support of buildings
Pile
15) PVC end bush
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4.1.8 Earthing for rails

All track systems shall be earthed. For tracks running at ground level an earthing cable
(95 mm2) shall be installed at a distance of 1m, at a depth of 0,5m. The tracks shall be
connected to the earthing cable by a copper cable (95mm 2) every 20m. The connecting
cable shall be attached to the earthing cable by a compression-type branch terminal or by
welding a flat bar to the track, to which the connecting cable is screwed by a screw M10.
The contact area shall be metallically bright.
SCHIENE
RAIL
stair/
a eft- 4111•49:.
NOS
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SMS Guidelines
SMS 000 00 xxx
Earthing Guidelines
eeneeelm d $ cal on IM good d Mai Ho carnelian of a rail in waits

SMS Guidelines
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Earthing Guidelines
4.1.9 Earthing of lighting mast

All open-air masts shall be connected to the earthing equipment through copper wire
95mm2. The masts on or in buildings shall be connected to the lightning protecting
equipment of the building or to the building structure.
If no connection can be made to the masts, a screw connection M 10 shall be prepared.
The reinforcement and protective conductor of electrical supply line (for example mast)
are connected with the mast.
The metallic conduits in the earth which lead to a mast shall be connected to the mast by
a spark gap. The contact surface shall be metallically bright. The connection point is
protected against corrosion by painting.
Fig 4.1.9: Earthing of lighting mast

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SMS Guidelines
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Earthing Guidelines
4.1.11 Earthing of fireplugs

All fireplugs are connected to the earthing equipment through copper wire (95mm 2). The
connection is realized through cable lug and screw connection M 10. The contact surface
shall be metallically bright. The connection point is protected against corrosion by
painting.
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SMS Guidelines
SMS 000 00 xxx
SMS SIEMAG REGULATION SIEMAS
e1.:.wrtwmessusaaw,micam,
-
06/02/2007, Index 03
Earthing Guidelines
4.1.12 Earthing of storage areas

The earth wire in the storage area must be laid in tight sinusoidal line, so that the earth
wire will be not damaged by subsiding of the soil of 20 cm/year.
overhead view
eartNris wire
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store
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SMS Guidelines
SIV15 000 00 xxx
Earthing Guidelines
4.1.13 Earthing of buildings (principle)
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SMS Guidelines
EMS 000 00 xxx
Earthing Guidelines
4.1.14 Earthing for erection I etemit brick construction

If the building has a metallic front roof, it has to be connected to the ring earth electrode at
intervals to 15-20m (always by the hall support).
A U-steel has to be screwed to the front roof. The foot point in earth should be equipped
with a concrete socket. The ring earth is connected with the U-steel through an isolated
copper wire of 95 mm2.
2 3
Fig.4.1.14 (a) down conductor at front roof
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Fig.4.1.14 (b) Erection/Etemit Brick Construction earthing
roof wire support
down conductor
wire support
connection
I earth wire
Legend:
f Down conductor (U-steel)
Ring earthing
i Connection wire
Cu 95 mm, black
5. Concrete socket
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Fig.4.1.14 (c) connections for roof construction

roof vent vent pipe
Legend:
Terminal dip, end cover
Cross coupling
Cable holder
Conduit clip
Roof cable
Connection at movement
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4.1.15 Earthing of bridges

4.1.15.1 Earthing of band bridge
The metallic frame of conveyor band bridge shall be connected to the earth equipment. At
a depth of 0,5 m a copper wire (95mm 2) shall be laid beside the conveyor bridge (approx.
1 m distance to the column foundation).
Every 15 m a column shall be connected to the earth wire. This connection wire (95mm2)
is connected to the earth wire through a compression tee joint and screwed to the column
by cable lug and bolt M10. The connection surface on the column shall be metallically
bright. The connection point shall be protected against corrosion.
All metal is components of the cone e shall be netted to earthed conductive

support head.
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4.1.15.2 Earthing of pipe bridge

The metallic frames of pipe bridges shall be connected to the earthing system. Metallic
pipes shall be connected in a conductive manner to the frame. Insulating flanges shall be
jumpered by spark gaps.
At a depth of 0,5m, a copper cable (95mm2) shall be installed beside the pipe bridge (at a
distance of about 1 m from the foundation of the columns) and connected to the mesh
earth electrode net. Every 15m a column shall be connected to the earthing cable. The
connecting cable (copper 95mm2) shall be connected to the earthing cable by a
compression-type branch terminal and screwed to the column with a cable lug and screw
M10. The contact area on the column shall be metallically bright. The point of connection
shall be protected against corrosion by againt coat.
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All metallic parts of the pipe bridge shall be connected to the earthed supports in a
conductive manner.
el
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Legend for a) and b):

Support
Pipeline
Earth wire copper cable 70 mm 2
Connection wire copper 50 mm2
Spark gab
Clip
Isolating flange
Earth of a support 4.1.15
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Earthing Guidelines
4.1.16 Earthing of columns (support column)
1Pr
Legend:
Armouring iron
Terminal connection
Steel strip
Screwed connection M 10 with serrated lock washer
Copper wire 95 mm2
Clip
Foundation
Compressed branch terminal
Circular conductor 80 - 100
Cable holder
End cover with fix-contact
Columns of buildings
Pile
15) PVC end bush
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4.1.17 Conduit with isolation flange

Cables laid in conduits will be protected against lightning by 95mm 2 copper wires which
shall be laid in parallel to the cable conduits. The number of the wire is taken from the
erection drawings. Every 20 m the copper wire shall be connected together. Beginning
and end shall be connected to the nearest earth wire (ring earth, equipotential bonding
conductor etc.)
4
0
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4
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TE1
TEE
Legend:
Spark gab
Isolating flange
Conduit
Copper wire 50 mm2 gr/ye
Isolated wall entrance
Central earth point
Metal pipeline (water pipe, gas pipe etc.)
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4.1.18 Tanks, stairs, frameworks

General
All Metallic components arranged inside and outside buildings shall be connected to the
earthing system for equipotential bonding.
Tanks
Tanks arranged inside buildings shall be connected to the building structure (in bays) or to
the equipotential bonding strip (in brick-wall buildings) by a copper cable 95mm 2. Tanks
holding flammable fluids shall have two cables.
Outside the buildings, one or two copper cables 95mm 2 shall above ground level be
connected by screwed connections M10. The point of connection shall be protected
against corrosion.
Stairs
Metallic stairs shall be connected building structure,
respectively. A connection at ient. The contact area of
the screw joint shall be me shall be protected
against corrosion.
Connections have t s to bgl
iprevented against
corrosion.
<0
Frames
All metallic frame structu gng system. Connection may
be effected via a co cable or via steel strip (screw joint)
to the next earth e connection shall be metallically
bright and th ected against corrosion.
Working Place
All metal parts res y working places (ladle repair shop, ladle wrecking station, ladle
preheating stands, ctrode repairs stand e.g.) have to be connected with the earthing
system.
4.1.19 Crane systems, travel systems

All crane systems and other rail bound travel systems shall be earthed. Earthing of the
rails and the frame structure shall be carried out as explained in 4.1.7. The electrical
equipment will be earthed via the protective conductor.
In case the running-gear bearings are not electrically conductive, the vehicles shall be
earthed via sliding contacts.
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4.1.20 Ground — buried cables

Cable laid in earth
Only the steel shielded cable will be laid directly in the earth. The both ends of the shield
are connected to the earthing system.
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4.1.21 Cable conduits
Cables laid in conduits will be protected against lightning by 95mm 2 copper wires which
:73
shall be laid in parallel to the cable conduits. The number of the wire is taken from the
erection drawings. Every 20 m the copper wire shall be connected together. Beginning
and end shall be connected to the nearest earth wire (ring earth, equipotential bonding
conductor etc.)
0
E 4.1.22 Central earthing point

0O A central earthing point shall be installed in each building.
It shall consist of the following busbars:
0
PE busbar
TE1 shield earth
co
co
O.
v") The PE busbar (FICu 50 x 10) will be insulated by two copper cables 95mm2,
to green/yellow, connected to the next ring earth electrode. All equipment of the building
cr,
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Earthing Guidelines
which is to be earthed shall be connected to the PE busbar. All cable shields which shall
be connected to the busbar TE1 shall be connected to the PE busbar by copper lugs.
200
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SMS Guidelines
EMS 000 00 xxx
SMS SIEMAG REGULATION EIEMAG 06/02/2007, Index 03
Earthing Guidelines
4.2 Lightning protection system for construction and structure

4.2.1 Air Terminations of lightning arrester for buildings
All buildings shall be equipped with air terminations. For metal-covered buildings, the
metal roof is regarded as air termination, if it complies with requirements of VDE 0185,
part 1, section 521, 526, 529.
For roof structures arranged on a metallic roof, 4 different cases shall be taken into
account:
Roof structure of metallic material, in which the roof structure and metallic covers are
jointed together (conditions as described bove). In this case no additional measures are
necessary.
Roof structure of metallic e cover. Connections shall
be made at a distance of 1 poi.;.. Connections made by
means of steel strip 3,5 heel plate plus circular
conductor (steel 8
Roof structu ective earth electrode
or metal housing res shall not be connected
to the metallic roof in a tween roof and roof structure
shall be bonded with
Roof e materi shall be protected by air terminations. The

air terminatio to the metallic roof by down conductors and end
covers with hee
Roof structure non-conductive roofs must be protected by air terminations These

I devices shall be connected to the air termination or down conductors, respectively.
For buildings with different dimensions without metallic roof, installations of the air
terminations as well as number of down conductors are necessary.
No point of the roof shall be more than 10 m away from an air termination.
I
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4.2.2 Down conductors for lightning arrester earthing

All air terminations shall be connected to the ring earth electrode of the building or
earthing network respectively, by means of down conductors. A major section of
galvanized steel wire 8 mm2, shall be installed at each corner point of the building. At
building sides which are longer than 15m, auxiliary down conductors shall be installed
every 15m. The down conductors shall be carried down the building vertically with cable
clips. An isolating point shall be mounted at an elevation of about 0,5m above the ground.
It shall consist of the following parts:

End cover (will be screwed to the end of the wire)
Screwed connection M10
Cable lug for copper cable 95mm
The end cover shall be scre r. A copper cable 95mm2,

about 2,5m long shall be final to the ring earth
electrode (Cu 95mm2). T the isolating point by
cable lug and scre
At the sides of g installed every 5m.
Cable conduit and e cable conduit protrudes

about 30 m out of the g
Metallic objects such alustrades, coverings, etc., shall be
connected to air
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4.2.3 Examples of lightning arrester

a) Lightning protection system for steel concrete construction with isolated roof
Legend:
Roof line circular conductor 8 mm ? steel
Connection of armouring with a galvanized steel strip 30 x 3,5 mm (welded or screwed
with cross coupling)
Chimney ring
Sheeting with connection at the roof line
Isolating point, connection of overhead earth wire with cable lug and screwed
connection M 10 at steel strip clip (see 2))
Central earth point PE, TE 1
Connection of roof line at reinforced concrete support (terminal lead)
Circular conductor 8 mm ? steel otherwise as 2)
I
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b) Lightning Protection for Steel Construction
Legend:
Roof line every 20 m connected with roof construction
Lightning spike
Conduit clip with connection at the construction (Or at the equipotential
bonding strip)
Jumpering of isolating flange, water meter etc. with spark gab
5) Isolating point, end cover with screwed connection M 10
6 and 7) Earth wire 95 mm2 Cu
8 and 9) Connection of roof bushing at the construction
Central earth point PE, TE 1
Conduit for earth inlet
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c) Lightning protection for steel structure
PE
)TE1
`-a- TE2central earth point
end piece with

end plate
cable his
Example used for erection

earth wire
steel structure with Isolated Cu 95 mm2
flat cover and plate cover
on the Atkin
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d) Lightning protection for Plant chimney
Construction:
- Reinforced concrete
- Steel plate
- Brick construction
Metallic chimney
The metallic chimney is used as collection device and connected to the lightning
protection equipment.
The connection of the steel plate structure is overlapped individually and smoothly.
Chimney of reinforced concrete and nstruction
Interception equipment
- A metallic cover plate at least 70 mm x 10 mm,

perhaps short inte erceotion rods will be used if
the ring is fixed a of chimney. The
interception rods Ohm flat steel. For a
distance of more ce between interception rods
must be 1, 5 - 2m
- The chimney ve at least 1 and the chimney which is

more than 20 emal do fii-conductors.
- At least 3 • • nforcement in the foundation should be connected to the

ring line. Metallic e the chimney shall be connected to each other and also to
the down-cond
- The down-conductor is made of galvanized steel strip of 300 mm x 4 mm.
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Legend:
E
Chimney ring
Climbing ladder
0
Railing
7-•
Compression tee joint
0z Spark gap
Down conductor
-J
Copper wire
V) Screwed connection M 10 with serrated lock washer
to
0
0
in
SMS Guidelines
SMS 000 00 xxx
Earthing Guidelines
e) Lightning protection of a plant
1•
rf
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Earthing Guidelines
4.2.4 Lightning devices: numbers of down leads from buildings
building number
from cable Installation from down leads
length width ig,
down ,
(n) steep root flat roof
(m) loads
to 20 to 12 Wi
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SMS Guidelines
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4.2.5 Isolation Point of lightning arrester earthing system

The following isolating points are used:
Connection steel wire — building column (steel)
Connection steel wire — building column (concrete)
Connection steel wire — down conductor (circular conductor 8 )
Connection steel wire — central earthing point
e) Connection steel wire — foundation earth / foundation reinforcement
a) An earth terminal shall be welded to the column (steel girder) or screwed on by two
screwed connections M10. The earth terminal offers four ways of connection (two bores
10,5 mm ? for each connection). The connection is made with copper cable by cable lug;
screw M10 x 20, nut M10, screw and fan washer M10. The steel strip shall be screwed on
with two screws M8 x 20, nuts and fan her M8.
b) The reinforcement of concrete alvanized to a steel strip

30 x 3,5, before concreting. T 20 cm out of the ground
after concreting. The conn under a).
An end cove wind of the down

conductor. Above building wall by a cable
clip. The copper ca s described under a).
The connection u 50 x 10) shall be made by a copper

cable 2 x 70 mm2 M10 x 30.
f) The foun ation reinforcements, respectively, will be connected to

the earthing strip and copper cable. The screwed joint of the steel strip
with the cable I as isolating point.
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II
/ I
11
Fig.4.2.5 Isolation Point at steel reinforcement support
Legend:
Armouring iron
Terminal connection
Steel strip
Copper wire 95 mm2
Clip
Foundation
9) PVC end bush
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4.2.6 Connection of the lightning protection system with metal parts

Metallic parts inside the building will be connected to the lightning protection system to
avoid the risk of flashovers. Smaller metallic parts such as window frames, door frames
and screens are left out of consideration.
Larger metallic parts inside the buildings, vyhich are not already used as outgoing cables
and pass through the buildings vertically in a network-like arrangement, such as water
pipes, stairs, ventilation systems, metallic frames, etc., shall be connected to the lightning
protection system at their base points.(Reference see section 4.1.22.3 e)
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4.3 Secondary earthing example

4.3.1 Earthing of cable shields (TE2)
All cable shields shall be connected to the busbar TE 1. For more details see EMC-
guidelines.
4.3.2 Grounding of variable speed drives

To limit fault currents, motors with a rated power of more than 35kW should be grounded
by an additional conductor of steel tape, which is connected to the grounding system.
4.3.3 Earthing of cable trays

Cable trays must be connect
A bare copper earthin d to each section of the

tray system. The along the length
should not exce equipotential
bonding, cable co required.
Both sides of the trays
Vertically stack to the main tray earthing wire at least

once every 3
Similarly condu interconnected with the ground network at both ends using
suitable grounding conduit bushings.
4.3.4 Earthing of mechanical equipment, motor base frames etc.

Please refer to chapter 4.1 and 4.2
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5 ATTACHED TABLES
Material coefficients k depending on the conductor type
Abbreviations:
G — Rubber insulation
PVC — polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation
PE-X — crosslinked polyethylene insulation
EPR — ethylene propylene rubber insulation
IIK — butyl rubber insulation
Insulated protective conductors outsid Jps and lines bare protective conductors
coming into contact with cable or li
5.1 Material coefficients k (for
Insulated prot : I o mu '4ine
Conductor ma fficient k in A f / mm
Copper 115 143 134
Aluminium 76 94 89
Protective conductor as shield or reinforcement of a cable or line (National specification)
G PVC PE-X, EPR IIK

Initial 50t 60V 80t 75t
temperature
Final 200t 160t 250t 220t
temperature
Conductor Material coefficient k in Ars / me
material
Steel an steel, 53 44 54 51
copper planted
Aluminium 97 81 98 93
Lead 27 22 27 26
The final temperature is the permissible maximum temperature at the conductor
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In cases bare conductors in which there is no risk to adjacent parts as a result of the
temperatures shown in the table.
Ground resistivity (for section 2.2.1)
Max. temperature 150t
Material coefficient k 138

in A-srs / mm2
Aluminium 150t
Note: The initial tem ire ed as 30t
I The tempe - e are orifrfapplicable if the temperature at the point

of connection quality of the connection.
The cross-sect • of rotective conductor which is not part of the feeder cable (or
feeder line) or its s should not be less than
2,5 mm2 if mechanical protection exists
4 mm2 if no mechanical protection exists
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5.2 Ground resistivity (for section 2.2.1)

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Earthing Guidelines
5.3 Selection of material and size of earth electrodes (for section 2.2.1)
Material minimum dimensions sha.e

core coatini
Cross
section diameter thickness individual mean
mm2 Mtn mm value m value m
50 2 bare
round
35 bare wire
1.8
single
35 wire cable
20
35 cable
35 cable
round
wire
-40 Arra
hot dip
steel 63 70 Ivanized
I hot dip
steel 100 3 63 70 alvanized section
hot dip
steel 25 2 47 55 alvanized
hot dip
steel 20 63 70 alvanized round
I
I
steel fl hot dip
alvanized
round
wire
round
steel 8 1000 wire
SMS Guidelines
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5.4 Size and materials for earth rods (for section 2.2.2)
Size and materials for earth rods (for section 2.2.2
Material minimum dimensions shape
core coating
cross
section diameter thickness individual average
(mm2) (mm) (mm) value(pm) value(pm)
hot dip
steel 20 galvanized i ) round
4
with copper round
steel 15 shield rod
lytically
PPer- round
steel 50 17.3 ed rode)
..t
Note: footprints in
Also suitable
Not suit for di osQ
Rolled strip or c
Strip with rounded
In the case of gal
pm are currently uf ng s.
Correspon "star for safe grounding and bounding equipment",
ANSI C 33.8-
1 7) For telecom ems of Deutsche Bundespost: diameter of 8 mm.
1
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Earthing Guidelines
6 ANNEX AND SOURCE OF REFERENCES

6.1 Earthing terms
The terms and norms used in this document conform to the IEC standard definitions IEC
60050-195.
Reference earth:
Part of the earth considered as conductive, the electric potential of which is conventionally
taken as zero, being outside the zone of influence of any earthing arrangement.
Note: the concept of 'earth" means the planet and all its physical matter.
(Local) earth:
Part of the earth, which is in electri ode, the electric potential
of which is not necessarily eq
Conductive part:
Conductive part inte
Earth (verb):
Make an electric co nt or temporary) in a system
or in an installation or
Equipotentiality:
State when substantially equal electric potencial.
Equipotential bd
Provision of electric ctions between conductive parts, intend to achieve
equipotentiality.
Protective earthing:
Earth a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment for the purpose of
safety.
Protective equipotential bonding:

Equipotential bonding for the purpose of the safety
Functional equipotential bonding:

Equipotential bonding for operational reasons other than safety
Independence to earth:
Impedance at a given frequency between a specified point in a system or in an installation
or in equipment and reference earth
Earth electrode:
Conductive part, which may be embedded in a specific conductive medium, e.g. concrete
or coke, in electric contact with the earth
Earthing conductor
I
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Earthing Guidelines
Conductor which provides a conductive path, or part of the conductive path, between a
given point in a system in an installation or in equipment and an earth electrode
Mid-point:
Common point between two symmetrical circuits elements the opposite ends of which are
electrically connected to different line conductors of the same circuit
Neutral point
Common point of a star connected polyphase system or the earthed mid-point of a single-
phase system
Mid-point conductor:
Conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of contributing to the
distribution of electric energy
Protective conductor.
Conductor provided for pu gainst electric shock
Protective bonding
Protective cond
Protective earthing
Protective conductor
PEN conductor:
Conductor both a pPbtective earthing conductor and a neutral
conductor
Functional earth' g
Earthing conductor vided for functional earthing
Functional bonding conductor.

Conductor provided for functional-equipotential-bonding
Live part:
Conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal operation, including
some neutral conductor, but by convention not a PEN conductor or PEM conductor or
PEL conductor
Earth-electrode network:
Part of an earthing arrangement comprising only the earth electrodes and their
interconnections
Earthing terminal:
Terminal provided on equipment or on a device and intended for the electric connection
with the earthing arrangement
Equipotential bonding- terminal:

Terminal provided on equipment or on a device and intended for the electric connection
with the equipotential—bonding system
I
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Main earthing terminal, main earthing busbar:

Terminal or busbar which is part of the earthing arrangement of an installation and
enabling the electric connection of a number of conductors for earthing purpose
Exposed conductive part:

Conductive part of equipment which can be touched and which is not normally live, but
which can become live when basic insulation fails
6.2 Source of references

Protection and earthing mark: DIN 40011
Earthing and bounding equipment: U 467 'standard for safety grounding and
bounding equipment', ANSI C 3 2
The entire earthing system d 141/7
Protective earthing :VDE
Testing and measure t VDE 0701: 2000-09
and DIN EN 61000
Lightning arr
Grounding ges, ABB Industry Oy
SEW Eurod
IEC standard
Reference for Grou
Electrical installa
Lightning

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Jindal Steel & Power Ltd.

MECON SID Mr. M.G.K. Murthy - PM

Date of print: 6/18/2011 Page 1 of 1

Electric and Automation EAB2 EAP2 EAP3 EAP2

4.1 Examples for primary earthing 24

4.3.4 Earthing of mechanical equipment, motor base frames etc. 62

The basis of a qualified earthing and lightning protection of an industrial installation is a

For foundation relevant requirements

For electrical installations of buildings

1.2 Definition for primary and secondary earthing

to lidnwe 1411111111111/aoSsabrii Myth

transforMer UMW I INI mile

sub-distribution board, dusk etc.

Earthing scheme 1.3

2 DESIGN OF PRIMARY EARTHING SYSTEM

2.1 Types of earth electrodes

Fig 2.1: Common ce earth electrode,

2.2 Main Components in primary earthing systems

Low voltage Ladle transfer

Floor amou ing

Motor limit switch

Earthing: Low voltage

SMS group Page 12 of 70

High Voltage Cable ladder

High voltage Pressure

Earthing: High voltage

Earthing: Building and instillation

Equip otential bonding

2.2.1 Earth electrodes

2.2.2 Earth rods

2.2.3 Deep earth plies

2.2.4 Steel pipes

2.2.5 Imbedded metallic parts

f 2.2.6 Floor armouring

2.3 Lightning arrester equipment

2.3.1 Air terminations

2.3.2 Down conductors

3 DESIGN OF SECONDARY EARTHING SYSTEM

3.2 Main Components of secondary earthing system

1 Note: the identifying colour for the protective conductor is green/yellow.

Size and material:

Connection: includ plant, such as framework and

Note: in case of the own assemblies, their electrical continuity must be

3.2.3 Protective earthing conductor (3)

The cross-section A shall be according to the following calculation:

Size and material selection

With mechanical protection Without mechanical

3.2.4 Earthing terminal, main e

Size and material: the ust accord to the largest

3.2.5 Neutral conductor, -point conductor

3.3 What shall be earthed in the secondary earthing system

OvervoRage Outdoor electric r supply line,

Note: The table ea in thttocondary earthing system.

3.4 Testing and mea econdary earthing system

3.5 Type of earth network for power supply

TN-C network: £nsformer to the

parate conductors which are connected near the

IT-network: In an ITilinvork, the distribution system has no connection to earth at all, or it

4 EXAMPLES FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EARTHING