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    VINEETHA S
    Cracking in concrete is inevitable and can be caused by various structural and non-structural factors. There are two main types of cracks - structural cracks caused by external loads, and non-structural cracks caused by the nature of concrete's materials. Cracks can form in both hardened and unhardened concrete. While cracking does not necessarily mean a structure is unusable, it is important to understand the causes and types of cracks in order to properly evaluate and repair structures when needed.

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    Con

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    VINEETHA S
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    Cracking in concrete is inevitable and can be caused by various structural and non-structural factors. There are two main types of cracks - structural cracks caused by external loads, and non-structural cracks caused by the nature of concrete's materials. Cracks can form in both hardened and unhardened concrete. While cracking does not necessarily mean a structure is unusable, it is important to understand the causes and types of cracks in order to properly evaluate and repair structures when needed.

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    Cracking in concrete is inevitable and can be caused by various structural and non-structural factors. There are two main types of cracks - structural cracks caused by external loads, and non-structural cracks caused by the nature of concrete's materials. Cracks can form in both hardened and unhardened concrete. While cracking does not necessarily mean a structure is unusable, it is important to understand the causes and types of cracks in order to properly evaluate and repair structures when needed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    16 views1 page

    Con

    Uploaded by

    VINEETHA S
    Cracking in concrete is inevitable and can be caused by various structural and non-structural factors. There are two main types of cracks - structural cracks caused by external loads, and non-structural cracks caused by the nature of concrete's materials. Cracks can form in both hardened and unhardened concrete. While cracking does not necessarily mean a structure is unusable, it is important to understand the causes and types of cracks in order to properly evaluate and repair structures when needed.

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    BASICS OF CRACKING PROBLEMS:

    The subject CRACKS or CRACKING in concrete is indeed much debated. However, there is
    inadequate clarity as to the reason for cracking and what may be done to limit its occurrence or
    eliminate it altogether. The phenomenon of the appearance of cracks in concrete is often a subject that
    raises several questions. Either at the initial stage or with time, cracks may appear in a concrete
    structure. It should first of all be accepted that cracks of some type or other are inevitable in any
    concrete. They can be minimized to a large extent by proper practices.

    *Cracks may be big or small, structural or non- structural. All of them can be a nuisance by way of
    either marring the appearance or function as a passage for atmospheric polluting gases and moisture to
    either the body of concrete and causes distress.
    *Cracks in the concrete structure do not always mean that the structure is not usable. As cracking of
    concrete is inherent, what really matters is the type of structure and the nature of cracking. Cracks that
    are acceptable for building structures may not be acceptable for water relating structures. Considering
    that cracking can never be completely eliminated, it is necessary to be aware of the causes, evaluation
    and the methods of repair whoever required.
    CRACKS are generally of two types : Structural and non-structural
    *Cracks can occur in hardened or unhardened concrete.

    *STRUCTURAL CRACKS
    It is fundamental that hardened reinforced concrete cracks in the tensile zone when subjected to
    externally imposed structural loads. By means of appropriate design and detailing technique, these
    cracks can be limited to acceptable levels in terms of structural integrity and aesthetics.

    *NON_STRUCTURAL CRACKS
    **Concrete is also liable to crack in both the plastic and hardened states due to the nature of its
    constituent materials. These intrinsic cracks are as inevitable as structural cracks. It is often possible
    to predict when intrinsic cracks are likely and to limit them to acceptable levels by means of good
    design and/or proper construction techniques.

    *DORMANT AND LIVE CRACKS:


    Cracks caused by shrinkage, temperature gradient due to hydration and alkali silica reaction (ASR)
    are less dangerous the cracks caused by thermal expansion and loads. This is because shrinkage and
    hydration temperature gradient result in dormant cracks (where the width does not vary with time) and
    other mechanisms result in live cracks (where the width increases with time Dormant cracks,
    especially narrow ones, are more likely to undergo auto genius healing and realkalisation. The crack
    may heal owing to following conditions:
    • carbon dioxide diffusing into the crack leading to carbonation of the calcium hydroxide and
    precipitation of calcium carbonate.
    • Cement hydration due to presence of moisture.
    • Hydration diffusing from the bulk concrete into the heaked zone thereby increasing the pH in that
    area.
    Live cracks are more likely than domant ones. They result in collection of debris at the base owing to
    movement of the sides on the cracks. This can impede temporarily the passage of de passivating
    substances to the reinforcements. However, autodeneous healing is unlikely with live cracks.

    CAUSES OF CRACKING:
    Cracking will occur whenever the applied strain exceeds the tensile strain capacity of the concrete.
    *The tensile strain capacity of concrete varies with age and with Age at which cracks may occur.
    *Cracks can appear at any time. The age which some typical can occur are given in the Table.
    1. plastic shrinkage First few minutes or hours after concreting.
    2. plastic settlement First few minutes or hours after concreting.
    3. due to corrosion After one year or many years.
    4. due to loads After loads are imposed and the time duration of loading.

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