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    SAMPLE CALCULATION - JKR @PWD Method

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    yogadarshini
    The document provides sample calculations to design road pavements for two scenarios. For the first scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T3 based on an ESAL of 9.6 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is a conventional flexible structure with a granular base, bituminous surface and binder courses, crushed aggregate base, and granular sub-base. For the second scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T4 based on an ESAL of 28.29 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is not specified but could be one of two options for a traffic category of T4 on a subgrade

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    SAMPLE CALCULATION - JKR @PWD Method

    Uploaded by

    yogadarshini
    251 views7 pages
    The document provides sample calculations to design road pavements for two scenarios. For the first scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T3 based on an ESAL of 9.6 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is a conventional flexible structure with a granular base, bituminous surface and binder courses, crushed aggregate base, and granular sub-base. For the second scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T4 based on an ESAL of 28.29 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is not specified but could be one of two options for a traffic category of T4 on a subgrade

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    SAMPLE CALCULATION - JKR @PWD method

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    The document provides sample calculations to design road pavements for two scenarios. For the first scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T3 based on an ESAL of 9.6 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is a conventional flexible structure with a granular base, bituminous surface and binder courses, crushed aggregate base, and granular sub-base. For the second scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T4 based on an ESAL of 28.29 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is not specified but could be one of two options for a traffic category of T4 on a subgrade

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    251 views7 pages

    SAMPLE CALCULATION - JKR @PWD Method

    Uploaded by

    yogadarshini
    The document provides sample calculations to design road pavements for two scenarios. For the first scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T3 based on an ESAL of 9.6 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is a conventional flexible structure with a granular base, bituminous surface and binder courses, crushed aggregate base, and granular sub-base. For the second scenario, the traffic category is determined to be T4 based on an ESAL of 28.29 million, and the subgrade category is SG2. The selected pavement structure is not specified but could be one of two options for a traffic category of T4 on a subgrade

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    SAMPLE CALCULATION

    Question 1 (JKR METHOD)


    Design a road pavement for a 2 lane highway with an average daily traffic of 1350 vehicles (a
    total of 2700 vehicles for both directions), 16% of which are commercial vehicles with un-laden
    weight > 1.5 tons. The following additional information is available:
    Lane distribution factor (L) = 1.0 (one lane in one direction)
    Terrain factor (T) = 1.1 (rolling)
    Design life = 20 years (Urban)
    Annual traffic growth = 4.0%

    Subgrade properties
    CBR mean = 18.5%
    CBR standard deviation = 4.4%
    Normal deviate = 1.282

    i. Determine the traffic category and the subgrade category based on the available
    information
    ii. Select and explain the chosen pavement structure,

    State all other assumptions made.

    Solution:
    Determine design traffic (Traffic Category)
    ESALY1 (Base Year) = ADT x 365 x Pcv x 3.7 x L x T
    = 1350 x 365 x (16/100) x 3.7 x 1.0 x 1.1
    = 0.321 million ESAL

    Design traffic over 20 years


    ESALDES = ESALY1 x TGF

    ➢ Total Growth factor (TGF)


    Design period Annual Growth Rate, r (%)
    (years) 2 3 4 5 6 7
    5 5.20 5.31 5.42 5.53 5.64 5.75
    10 10.95 11.46 12.01 12.58 13.18 13.82
    15 17.29 18.60 20.02 21.58 23.28 25.13
    20 24.30 26.87 29.78 33.06 36.79 41.00
    25 32.03 36.46 41.65 47.73 54.86 63.25
    30 40.57 47.58 56.08 66.44 79.06 94.46

    ESALDES = 0.321 x 29.78


    = 9.6 million ESAL
    ➢ Traffic category
    Traffic categories Design Traffic (ESAL x 106)
    T1 ≤ 1.0
    T2 1.1 to 2.0
    T3 2.1 to 10.0
    T4 10.1 to 30.0
    T5 > 30

    Determine subgrade category


    SGi = 18.5 – 1.282 x 4.4
    = 12.86%

    ➢ Classes of Sub-grade Strength (based on CBR)


    Sub-grade Elastic Modulus (Mpa)
    CBR (%)
    category Range Design Input Value
    SG1 5 to 12 50 to 120 60
    SG2 12.1 to 20 80 to 140 120
    SG3 20.1 to 30.0 100 to 160 140
    SG4 > 30.0 120 to 180 180

    ➢ Pavement Structures for Traffic Category T3: 2.0 to 10.0 million ESALs

    Based on the traffic category T3, and the subgrade category SG2. The selected pavement
    structure is as specified underneath:

    Conventional flexible: Granular Base


    Bituminous surface course (BSC) (AC10 or AC14) = 50 mm
    Bituminous binder course (BC) (AC28) = 130 mm
    Crushed aggregate base (CAB) = 200 mm
    Granular sub-base (GSB) = 200 mm
    Question 2 (JKR METHOD)
    Design a road pavement for a 4-lane freeway (concession toll road) with an average daily traffic
    (two ways) based on HPU survey of 8200 vehicles, of which 20% are commercial vehicles with
    an un-laden weight > 1.5 tons and the composition is as shown in Table 1. The annual traffic
    growth rate is assumed to be 4.5%.

    Table 1: Traffic composition

    HPU class designation Composition (%)


    Cars and Taxis 75
    Small trucks and vans (2 axles) 7
    Large trucks (2 to 4 axles) 8
    Articulated trucks (3 or more axles) 4
    Buses (2 or 3 axles) 3
    Motorcycles 3

    Results of subgrade testing are as follows:


    Subgrade properties
    CBR mean = 145 MPa
    CBR standard deviation = 25 MPa
    Normal deviate = 1.645

    i. Determine the traffic category and the subgrade category based on the available
    information
    ii. Select and explain the chosen pavement structure,

    State all other assumptions made.

    Solution:

    ADT (two-way) 16 hours = 8200


    ADT (one-way) 16 hours = 4100
    ADT (one-way) 24 hours = 4100 x 1.2 = 4920

    HPU class designation Composition (%) ADT (one-way) 24 hours


    for each class
    Cars and Taxis 75 75/100 x 4920 = 3690
    Small trucks and vans (2 axles) 7 344.4
    Large trucks (2 to 4 axles) 8 393.6
    Articulated trucks (3 or more axles) 4 196.8
    Buses (2 or 3 axles) 3 147.6
    Motorcycles 3 147.6

    Determine design traffic (Traffic Category)


    ESALY1=[ADTVC1 x LEF1 + ADTVC2 x LEF2 + ADTVC3 x LEF3 + ADTCV4 x LEF4] x 365 x L x T
    ➢ Refer to LEF table
    Vehicle Load Equivalence Factor (LEF)
    HPU class designation Class
    Cars and taxis C 0
    Small trucks and vans
    CV1 0.1
    (2 axles)
    Large trucks (2 to 4 axles) CV2 4.0
    Articulated trucks (3 or more axles) CV3 4.4
    Buses (2 or 3 axles) CV4 1.8
    Motorcycles MC 0
    Commercial traffic (mixed) CV% 3.7

    ➢ Determine lane distribution factor (L) and terrain factor (T) based on geometric design
    of road
    Number of lanes (in one direction) Lane distribution factor, L
    One 1.0
    Two 0.9
    Three or more 0.7

    Type of terrain Terrain factor, T


    Flat 1.0
    Rolling 1.1
    Mountainous/ steep 1.3

    ESALY1=[ADTVC1 x LEF1 + ADTVC2 x LEF2 + ADTVC3 x LEF3 + ADTCV4 x LEF4] x 365 x L x T


    = [344.4(0.1) + 393.6(4.0) + 196.8(4.4) + 147.6(1.8)] x 365 x 0.9 x 1.0
    = [34.44 + 1574.4 + 865.92 + 265.68] x 365 x 0.9 x 1.0
    = 900, 234.54 ≈ 0.9 million
    Design traffic over 20 years
    ESALDES = ESALY1 x TGF
    ➢ Total Growth factor (TGF)
    Design period Annual Growth Rate, r (%)
    (years) 2 3 4 5 6 7
    5 5.20 5.31 5.42 5.53 5.64 5.75
    10 10.95 11.46 12.01 12.58 13.18 13.82
    15 17.29 18.60 20.02 21.58 23.28 25.13
    20 24.30 26.87 29.78 33.06 36.79 41.00
    25 32.03 36.46 41.65 47.73 54.86 63.25
    30 40.57 47.58 56.08 66.44 79.06 94.46

    TGF = 31.42
    ESALDES = 900, 234.54 x 31.42 = 28.29 million ESAL
    Traffic category
    Traffic categories Design Traffic (ESAL x 106)
    T1 ≤ 1.0
    T2 1.1 to 2.0
    T3 2.1 to 10.0
    T4 10.1 to 30.0
    T5 > 30

    CBR mean = 145 MPa


    CBR standard deviation = 25 MPa
    Normal deviate = 1.645

    Determine subgrade category


    SGi = 145 – 1.645 x 25
    = 145 – 41.125
    = 103.88 MPa
    Design input value = (103.88 + 145)/2 = 124.44

    ➢ Classes of Sub-grade Strength (based on CBR)


    Sub-grade Elastic Modulus (Mpa)
    CBR (%)
    category Range Design Input Value
    SG1 5 to 12 50 to 120 60
    SG2 12.1 to 20 80 to 140 120
    SG3 20.1 to 30.0 100 to 160 140
    SG4 > 30.0 120 to 180 180

    ➢ Pavement Structures for Traffic Category T4: 10.0 to 30.0 million ESALs
    Based on the traffic category T4, and the subgrade category SG2. The selected pavement
    structure is as specified underneath:
    It can be either one: Please specify
    Option 1:??
    Option 2:??

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