HHV and LHV
HHV and LHV
HHV and LHV
FORMULA
o
𝟏𝟒𝟏.𝟓 o
𝟏𝟒𝟎
API = – 131.5 Baume = – 130
𝐒.𝐆.@𝟏𝟓.𝟔𝐂 𝐒.𝐆.@𝟏𝟓.𝟔𝐂
S.G.t = (S.G.15.6C)(CF)
CF = 1 - 0.00072 (t-15.6): oC
CF = 1 – 0.0004 (t-60): oF
- Heating or Calorific values of fuel is defined as the total heat produced when a unit mass of
fuel is completely burnt with pure oxygen
- When water is present in the flue gases, the heating value is said HIGHER HEATING VALUE
(HHV)
- If the water is present in the liquid form it is said LOWER HEATING VALUE (LHV)
Dulong’s Formula
𝐎
HHV = 33,820 C + 144,212 (H- ) + 9,304 S KJ/KG
𝟖
ASME Formula
Bureau of Standards
𝟏𝟐𝐧 𝟒𝐦
C= H= ; C+H=1
𝟏𝟐𝐧 + 𝟒𝐦 𝟏𝟐𝐧 + 𝟒𝐦
LOWER HEATING VALUE/ NET CALORIFIC VALUE
HHV – BTU/lb
NOTE: CONVERSION
𝐎
(A/F)ta = 11.5C + 34.5 (H- ) + 4.3S kg-air/kg-fuel
𝟖
𝐇𝐇𝐕 (𝐊𝐉/𝐤𝐠)
(A/F)ta = kg-air/kg-fuel
𝟑𝟏𝟏𝟕
𝐇𝐇𝐕 (𝐤𝐂𝐚𝐥/𝐤𝐠)
(A/F)ta = kg-air/kg-fuel
𝟕𝟒𝟓
𝐇𝐇𝐕 (𝐁𝐭𝐮/𝐥𝐛)
(A/F)ta = kg-air/kg-fuel
𝟏𝟑𝟒𝟎
SAMPLE PROBLEMS
3. Fuel oil in a day tank for use of an industrial boiler is tested with hydrometer. The
hydrometer reading indicates a S.G.= 0.924 when the temperature of the oil in the tank is
35oC. Calculate the HHV and A/F of the fuel