Gec 5 Chapter 1
Gec 5 Chapter 1
Gec 5 Chapter 1
Communication
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PRESIDENT RAMON MAGSAYSAY STATE UNIVERSITY
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GEC 6 – Purpossive Communication
First Edition, 2021
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Course Overview
Introduction
As stated in CMO 20 s 2013 that Purposive Communication is a three – unit course, which is
about presenting, speaking, and writing to different audiences and for various purposes.
develops student’s communicative competence and enhances their cultural and intercultural
awareness through multi modal tasks that provide them opportunities to communicate
effectively and appropriately to a multicultural audience in a local and or a global context. It
equips students with tools for critical evaluation of a variety of text and focuses on the power
of language and the impact of images to emphasize the importance of conveying messages
responsibly. The knowledge, skills, and insights that students would gain from this course may
be used in their other academic endeavors, their chosen disciplines, and their future careers as
they compose and produce relevant oral, written, audio – visual and/or web – based output for
various and multicultural context.
This course of study is also associated in promoting gender awareness in the classroom
through different learning factors such as using learner’s existing knowledge, springboard to
the language input, skills development, pattern practice, performance tasks, or integration of
unit language on learner’s field of specialization.
Module Overview
Introduction
This module is exclusively intended to the all bona fide students of President Ramon
Magsaysay State University who are taking the course or subject, Purposive Communication.
The course or subject, Purposive Communication is one of the new General Education Course
(GEC) coded as GEC 5 by this Institution which is mandated by Commission on Higher
Education(CHED). As stipulated in CHED Memo no. 20, Series of 2013
It is a vital skill to learn. It would help us to communicate well and it would help develop the
communicative competence that would make us communicate effectively. It is not just
important to our course, rather it is important for everybody else' as well since all of us need to
communicate in order to understand and to be understood.
Purposive Communication
Chapter 1
Introduction
with the term had finally answered, and another figure and body of knowledge were added to
the memory bank such terms were creatively elaborated like the verbal communication, non-
nutshell, the terms are crucial to restate and to know the function in the field of communication.
You learned about the types of communication mode, context and purpose, and style. In this
lesson, you will review the nature of the communication process and some important
communication models. Why is it important that you know the communication models? You
will realize their importance because they will help you understand how a communication
process works.
Specific Objectives
COMMUNICATION
- It was derived from the Latin words con which means “a business,” communis
which means “common,” and communico which means “to confer” or “to relate
with one another” (Igoy et al., 2014).
- According to DeSantis, the communication is made between two sides, the source
and the receiver. For him the source, which is the creator of the message, performs
four roles: determining the meaning of what is to be communicated, encoding the
meaning into the message, sending the message, and perceiving and reacting to a
listener's response to the message. However, the receiver decodes the messages by
analysing and interpreting them. Then, the receiver has to store and recall the
message, and finally, to respond to the source, message, channel, environment, and
noise.
ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION
Physical needs. The need to communicate keep our bodies and minds
functioning. Communication, which we most often associate with our
brain, mouth, eyes, and ears, actually has many more connections to and
effects on our physical body and well-being.
4. Communication is learned.
We are born with the capacity to learn a language and the ability to
communicate. However, our manner of communication varies from one person
to another based on culture and context. This is because communication is
learned rather than innate. It is learned through human contact.
5. Communication has ethical implications.
Communication ethics deals with the process of negotiating and reflecting on
our actions and communication regarding what we believe to be right or wrong.
In communication ethics, we are more concerned with the decisions people
make about what is right and wrong.
Written Communication
In written communication, written signs or symbols are used to
communicate. A written message may be printed or hand written. In written
communication message can be transmitted via email, letter, report, memo etc.
Message, in written communication, is influenced by the vocabulary &
grammar used, writing style, precision and clarity of the language used.
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages.
We can say that communication other than oral and written, such as gesture, body
language, posture, tone of voice or facial expressions, is called nonverbal
communication. Nonverbal communication is all about the body language of
speaker.
Nonverbal communication helps receiver in interpreting the message received.
1. SENDER/ENCODER
The sender also known as the encoder decides on the message to be sent, the best/most
effective way that it can be sent. All of this is done bearing the receiver in mind. In a
word, it is his/her job to conceptualize.
The sender may want to ask him/herself questions like: What words will I use? Do I
need signs or pictures?
2. MEDIUM
The medium is the immediate form which a message takes. For example, a message
may be communicated in the form of a letter, in the form of an email or face to face in
the form of a speech.
3. CHANNEL
The channel is that which is responsible for the delivery of the chosen message form.
For example, post office, internet, radio.
4. RECEIVER
The receiver or the decoder is responsible for extracting/decoding meaning from the
message. The receiver is also responsible for providing feedback to the sender. In a
word, it is his/her job to INTERPRET.
5. FEEDBACK
This is important as it determines whether or not the decoder grasped the intended
meaning and whether communication was successful.
6. NOISE (also called Interference)
This is any factor that inhibits the conveyance of a message. That is, anything that gets
in the way of the message being accurately received, interpreted and responded to.
Noise may be internal or external. A student worrying about an incomplete assignment
may not be attentive in class (internal noise) or the sounds of heavy rain on a galvanized
roof may inhibit the reading of a storybook to second graders (external noise).
Creation. Creating the message is the first step of the process. It is the forming
the communicative intent where the sender generates an idea. This requires the
individual who is sending the message to decide what he wants to say and select
a medium through which to communicate this information.
Translation. Once receiving the message, the recipient must translate the
messages into terms that s/he can easily understand.
ISSUES IN COMMUNICATION
Essential issues to be aware of in any communication situation are:
Content refers to the information and experiences that are provided to the
receiver of the communication process. It is what the receiver derives value
from. Thus, content must be presented in a language that makes a grammatical
sense. Words have different meanings and may be used or interpreted
differently. So even simple words and messages can be misunderstood.
Process refers to the way the message is presented or delivered-- the nonverbal
elements in speech such as the tone of voice, the look in the sender’s eyes, body
language, hand gestures, and state of emotions such as anger, fear, uncertainty,
and confidence that can be detected.
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
There are three general types of communication models in which all other
communication models are mostly categorized.
ARISTOTLE’S MODEL
One Sentence Overview: A framework for thinking about how to improve your
communication abilities, by looking at key aspects underpinning a situation.
Aristotle’s model of
communication is the oldest
communication model, dating back to
300BC. The model was designed to
examine how to become a better and
more convincing communicator.
Aristotle argues we should look at five
elements of a communication event to
analyze how best to communicate:
speaker, speech, occasion, target
audience and effect. He also identified
three elements that will improve communication: ethos (credibility), pathos (ability to connect)
and logos (logical argument). Aristotle’s model does not pay attention to the role of feedback
in communication.
SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
One Sentence Overview: The Shannon-Weaver model is the first to highlight the role
of ‘noise’ in communication, which can disrupt or alter a message between sender and receiver.
The Shannon-
Weaver model sees
communication occurring
in five key parts: sender,
encoder, channel, decoder,
receiver. It emphasizes the
importance of encoding and
decoding messages for
them to be sent (e.g. turning
them into written words,
morse code, etc.). During
the process of encoding, sending and decoding, ‘noise’ occurs that can disrupt or cloud a
message. In the most traditional sense, this may be static on a radio broadcast, or even extend
to mishearing a conversation or misspelling an email. This model was the first to introduce the
role of noise in the communication process. The idea of feedback was retroactively introduced
to this model.
References/Additional Resources/Readings
Manzano, B. A., Arador, M. V. & Ladia, M. A. (2018). Purposive Communication for College
Freshmen. St. Andrew Publishing House. 369 Culianin, Plaridel, Bulacan.