Coal Handling Plant in A Thermal Power Generating Station

Coal handling plant in a thermal power generating station
http://electrical- engineering- portal.com/coal- handeling- plant- in- a- thermal- power- generating- station May 11, 2013
Bipul Raman
In a
Coal Handeling Mine/Plant in a thermal power generating station
coal based t hermal power plant , the initial process in the power generation is “Coal Handling”.
So in this article i will discuss the overall processes carried out at a Coal Handling plant in a coal
based thermal power generating station.
The huge amount of coal is usually supplied through railways. A railway siding line is taken into
the power station and the coal is delivered in the storage yard. The coal is unloaded from the
point of delivery by means of wagon t ippler. It is rack and pinion type. The coal is taken from
the unloading site to dead storage by belt conveyors. The belt deliver the coal to 0m level to
the pent house and further moves to t ransf er point 8.
The transfer points are used to transfer coal to the next belt. The belt elevates the coal to
breaker house. It consists of a rotary machine, which rotates the coal and separates the light
dust from it through the action of gravity and transfer this dust to reject bin house through belt.
The belt further elevates the coal to the t ransf er point 7 and it reaches the crusher through
belt. In the crusher a high-speed 3-phase induct ion mot or is used to crush the coal to a size
of 50mm so as to be suitable for milling syst em. Coal rises from crusher house and reaches
the dead storage by passing through t ransf er point 8.
Equipment used in a coal

Equipment used in a coal
handling plant
1. Pull chord switch
a series of such switches are

arranged in series at a 1m distance
on the side of conveyor belt. The
power supply to rotor of the
conveyor belt is established only if
all switches in series are
connected.
2. Vibrating f eeder
The coal stored in a huge hub is

collected on the belt through
vibrations created by the vibrating
feeder.
3. Flap gates
These are used to channelize the

route of coal through another belt
in case the former is broken or
unhealthy. The flap gates open let
the coal pass and if closed stop its
movement.
Stages in coal handeling power plant
4. Magnetic separator
these are used to separate the ferrous impurities from the coal.
5. Metal detector
These are detect the presence of any ferrous and non-ferrous metal in the coal and sends a
signal to a relay which closes to seize the movement of belt until the metal is removed. It
basically consists of a transmitter and a receiver.
The transmitter consists of a high frequency oscillator, which produces a oscillations of 1500
Hz at 15V. The receiver receives this frequency signal. If there is any presence of metal in the
coal. Then this frequency is disturbed and a tripping signal is send to relay to stop the conveyor
belt.
6. Belt weightier
It is used to keep an account of the tension on the belt carrying coal and is moves accordingly
to release tension on the belt.
7. Reclaim hopper
Reclaimation is a process of taking coal from the dead storage for preparation or further
feeding to reclaim hoppers. This is accomplished by belt conveyors.
Top
Steam generation from coal
1. Tipplers
Coal from the coal wagons is unloaded in the coal handling plant. This unloading is done by the
“Tipplers”. This coal is transported up to the raw coal bunkers with the help of conveyor belts.
2. Crush House
After hand picking foreign material, coal is transported to the Crush house by conveyor belts
where it is crushed to small pieces of about 20 mm diameter. The crushed coal is then
transported to the store yard. Coal is transported to bowl mills by coal feeders.
3. Bowl Mill
The coal is pulverized in the bowl mill, where it is grounded to a powder form. The mill consists
of a round metallic table on which coal particles fall. This table is rotated with the help of a
motor. There are three large steel rollers, which are spaced 120” apart. When there is no coal,
these rollers do not rotate but when the coal is fed to the table it packs up between rollers and
the table and this forces the rollers to rotate. Coal is crushed by the crushing actions between
the rollers and rotating tables.
4. Furnaces
This crushed coal is taken away to the furnace through coal pipes with the help of hot and cold
air mixture from P.A Fan. P.A Fan takes atmospheric air, a part of which is sent to Air pre-
heaters for heating while a part goes directly to the mill for temperature control. Atmospheric
air from F.D Fan is heated in the air heaters and sent to the furnace as combustion air.
5. Boiler
Boiler used in the power plant is suspended type. This prevents it from getting deformed, when
a subjected to very high temperatures. The boiler is divided into two cylindrical parts namely the
Primary and the Secondary boiler. Water from the boiler feed pump passes through economizer
and reaches the boiler drum. Water from the drum passes through down comers and goes to
bottom ring header. Water from the ring header is divided to all the four side of furnace. Due to
heat and density difference the water rises up in the water wall tubes.
Water is partly converted to steam as it rises up in the furnace. This steam and water mixture is
again taken to the boiler drum where the steam is sent to super heaters for superheating. The
super heaters are located inside the furnace and the steam is superheated (540°C) and finally it
goes to turbine. Flue gasses from the furnace are extracted by induced draft fan, which
maintains balance draft in the furnaces with forced draft fan. These flue gasses emit their heat
energy to various super heaters in the pant house and finally pass through air pre-heaters and
goes to electrostatic precipitator where the ash particles are extracted. Electrostatic
precipitator consists of metal plates, which are electrically charged. Ash particles are attracted
on to these plates, so that they do not pass through the chimney to pollute the atmosphere.
Regular mechanical hammers blows cause the accumulation of ash to fall to the bottom of the
precipitator where the bottom of the precipitator where they are collected in a hopper for
disposal. This ash is mixed with water to form slurry and is pumped to ash pond.

Coal Handling Plant in A Thermal Power Generating Station

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Coal handling plant in a thermal power generating station

Coal Handeling Mine/Plant in a thermal power generating station

Equipment used in a coal

a series of such switches are

The coal stored in a huge hub is

These are used to channelize the

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