Electric Meter

1. Electric meter?
An electric meter, or energy meter, is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by
a building, tenant space, or electrically powered equipment. Electric utilities use electric meters installed
at customers' premises to measure electric energy delivered to their customers for billing purposes.
2. Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by
overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays
detect a fault.
• Molded-case Circuit Breaker
MCCB stands for Molded Case Circuit Breaker. It is another type of electrical protection device which is
used when load current exceeds the limit of a miniature circuit breaker. The MCCB provides protection
against overload, short circuit faults and is also used for switching the circuits. It can be used for higher
current rating and fault level even in domestic applications. The wide current ratings and high breaking
capacity in MCCB find their use in industrial applications. MCCB can be used for protection of capacitor
bank, generator protection and main electric feeder distribution. It offers adequate protection whenever
an application requires discrimination, adjustable overload setting or earth fault protection.
• Air Circuit Breaker
(ACB) is an electrical device used to provide Overcurrent and short-circuit protection for electric circuits
over 800 Amps to 10K Amps. These are usually used in low voltage applications below 450V. We can find
these systems in Distribution Panels (below 450V). Here in this article, we will discuss the working of
Air Circuit Breaker.
• Oil Circuit Breaker
An oil circuit breaker is a traditional type of circuit breaker. It has a separate contact. This contact’s
primary function is to separate the insulating oil. When a fault or problem occurs, this includes good
comparable properties to air, which opens in the lower part of the breaker contact oil.
• SF6 Circuit Breaker
Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers protect electrical power stations and distribution systems by
interrupting electric currents, when tripped by a protective relay. Instead of oil, air, or a vacuum, a sulfur
hexafluoride circuit breaker uses sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas to cool and quench the arc on opening a
circuit. Advantages over other media include lower operating noise and no emission of hot gases, and
relatively low maintenance. Developed in the 1950s and onward, SF6 circuit breakers are widely used in
electrical grids at transmission voltages up to 800 kV, as generator circuit breakers, and in distribution
systems at voltages up to 35 kV. Sulfur hexafluoride circuit breakers may be used as self-contained
apparatus in outdoor air-insulated substations or may be incorporated into gas-insulated
switchgear which allows compact installations at high voltages.
• Voltage Circuit Breaker
Voltage rating is a function of a circuit breaker's ability to suppress the internal arc that occurs when a
circuit breaker's contacts open. The voltage rating specified for Carling Technologies' circuit breakers
represents the maximum voltage allowable for the breaker to function properly at the rated current.
3. Fuse
a fuse is an electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical
circuit. Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too much current flows through
it, thereby stopping or interrupting the current.
4. Safety Switch
A safety switch is a device that keeps an eye on the current passing through your wiring system. It
detects alterations in the power, cutting it off if there is a variation due to leakage or overload.
5. Manual transfer switch and Automatic transfer switch

• A manual transfer switch allows you to start a generator and restore power to
predetermined circuits when utility power fails. This is a reliable, simple, and cost-
effective method to provide building owners with a high level of safety and security.
• An automatic transfer switch (ATS) is a device that automatically transfers a power
supply from its primary source to a backup source when it senses a failure or outage in
the primary source.
6. Grounding and Earthing
• Grounding is similar to Earthing, which achieves insulation against accidental currents. The main
live wire is connected to a power supply to power an appliance. However, the other portion of
the wire is led under the earth. This is done in case of an accidental cut in the circuit to avoid
overloading and other dangerous side effects.
• Earthing can simply be defined as the process of protecting against unwarranted spikes and
bouts of electricity that can cause damage to life and property. Therefore it is important to
remember these key differences between the two. One needs to understand that they both are
referring to the same process.

Electric Meter

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1. Electric meter?

• Molded-case Circuit Breaker

• Air Circuit Breaker

• SF6 Circuit Breaker

• Voltage Circuit Breaker

5. Manual transfer switch and Automatic transfer switch

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