U:,L'{iit; Pote ntial Ene rgy of Spri ng.

o rThe for ce r e quire d to s tretc h th

k d one in stret chin g the sprin g
spring tlrrougb a db-ta .nee~ is '+ fa..x'. _The w
i:
stored as pot._,ontia.1 Energ y m the sprm g.
t hrou gh a smal l dista nce
1fdV\ 15 w work done in str etch ing the s p ring
dI.. ihmi dVI = Y !ll.
' = 0 , to 'x ' = Xo is give n by
TataJ ~ark dune m .srret r·b ing the sprin g from "x

ia"'V\ = .f(=, f (b- DT rxkx dx = k l(ox ~ dx

w = Jo
•
- -:;, 7Z
X- l 2
k -
-- ~, 2 -
= -_; kx'(J
- -' .

T'.:::E-r.'.Jtl: ~....-,..,:. is :SWTOO in Lh.e sprin g as pote ntial ener gy.

- -)

? :r~; ;l ~"IBJ"""g"I uftb.€ ::,pr-i ng = 2 fo..z 3-

spring from ·..r • = x 1 w x ' Extension --+
~'°:c.. J G!: w:,, e ,J,,:.,7-e rn t±-xn..gi,ng t Jig e,long atio n ofthe
= =;_ -1-g::;.er ~ Fig. 6.30. Fo rce-exte nsion g"?:·
 l~,. f _!:: --- - ~·I n •/ (' /11 II/; (l S/Jl'IIIJ. f u ,· U RJJN 'l{J/ ('(1 f u;orlz d,(Jlu' /Jy a
II ill' o
,, d,111 1'
1 . ,
i\ t • . .
//, d1 1,plu l'f1t11,•n1 ).
·
-~ ,,I ,,, ,. r ,·,,., /,tl( 'or/ y U)I
I fi I
J, Ir'
I I •(/ .-,
I
.
I ' .
k <l
• 'fl ti
.. . '•'' one.' 111 HtrPL<:hing thP ·Sf)r in g ancJ h ence th<:
h Thl ' wo r
· . 1, (;rtJP · the F-x graJJh IF'ia,.,. 6 .,)'1(JJ . Th e work
, .,. , ~ ~ /c.o b,' ralrulate d (ro 111.
.
1 (\ ,-'(111 a ·
1
given by the are)a of th f:
f',,l 1•n.,n;, the spr ing through a drntance x is
1
fl,, >tcli1J1/l
• 1 ,rr, p·1g . r,, . 30 .
rrJ(' 1n
I I
11t1~I lr k
_ potent1·a1 energy = 2 x x Y x = _2 kx 2
l 1
~ ·
.t''
,rflrk done - .
e is equ al to hal f the pro duc t of the spr ing con
sta nt and
. k don
~ thr ,, or .
,n
. . f the elongation .
..nuaJc> 0
½kx 2.
~( • '1

n' k done by spr ing force = -

tel nor
e by the
·g 6 31 the are a of the tria ngl e OBA gives the work don
In 1 · · f '

cforce.'-.
_..., ~ r

wi ) Inter-conversion of Ki net ic an d Po ten

tia l En erg ies of the
(x = + x 0 ), the velocity and
O,rillating Block. At the rig ht ext rem e position
]. The potential energy
.·.. . the kinetic energy of the block are zero [Fig. 6.32
2
2
usl y, the tota l ene rgy is also ½ kx .
Wt block is maxim um (½kx0 ). Ob vio 0

rn,,r the block moves from the ext rem e position

to the me an position, its
" r.·,·. and hence the kinetic ene rgy begin to inc
rea se and the potential energy
:,.-,t w decrease. At any pos itio n x bet
we en the me an and the extreme
2 - x 2 ). Th e cor res pon din g pot ent ial
JI. '<m · the kinetic energy will be ½k(x0

":T will b<: i 2

kx . The tota} me cha nic al ene rgy will be aga in ½kxo2 .
kin etic ene rgy of the
At th e: mean pm, jtio n, the velocity and hen ce the
ill b · 2
;, i,Jf W
kx ). The potent ial ene rgy will be zero.
J
e max1mum ( 2 0
•
·
· ,
· e pos1·t10.n
A., the bloc k moves from the me an pos itio n to the left ext rem
• ~ •,·f:/ ..
()(itY and th . .
c k1n et1c energy begin to dec rea se.
Atx _
- - .to, KE. = 0 and P.E . = ~ kx0
2 (ma xim um value)

,, Th£: tota1 .
----...__ energy is stilJ l kx 2
 o f tl1 e
1t a i1 d Fig. 6.31
iE n e rg y
E = Ep + Ek
v the
... Ek
EP
f the I
I
= + Xo
r and X = -X o
I
-xo x= O Xo
T2
X
te r g y T2
f Ek a n d EP
2 Fig. 6.32. Variation o
k x0 .
1, its