All rights reserved.

No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Herbal Medicine

Alternative Learning System (ALS)

Learner’s Module
Revised Edition, 2019

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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What Is This Module About?

Many people do not want to see a doctor even when they are sick,
because doctor’s fees and medicine can both be very expensive. Many
people would rather spend the little money they have on food or on other
basic needs.
Instead of going to the doctor, some people treat their ailments by using
plants in their backyard. Yes, that’s right! Certain plants are as good as those
pills, tablets, and other medicine sold in the market. They are in fact, called
herbal medicine.
The question now is, can herbs cure all ailments? Are they as effective as
the expensive prescription drugs sold in drug stores?
This module will help you answer these questions. It will also teach you
how to properly use herbal plants to treat common ailments. It is divided into
three lessons:
Lesson 1 – What Is the Importance of Herbal Medicine?
Lesson 2 – Commonly Used Herbs and the Ailments They Cure
Lesson 3 – Easy and Practical Ways of Preparing Herbal Medicine

What Will You Learn From This Module?

After studying this module, you should be able to:

‹ explain the importance of herbal medicine to modern Filipino life;
‹ identify the plants that may be used as herbal medicine;
‹ name the ailments that can be cured by specific herbal medicine;
‹ prepare simple cures from herbs found in the community; and
‹ share information about herbal medicine with family, friends, and
neighbors.

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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s See What You Already Know

Before you start studying the module, try to answer this simple test to
determine how familiar you are with the topic. Don’t worry if you cannot
answer all the questions correctly.
A. Identify the herbal medicine being described. Write your answers in
the blank provided before each number.
______ 1. A medicinal plant also used for cooking. It is an
effective cure for high blood pressure. In Filipino, it is
called bawang.
______ 2. Its leaves can be used to relieve ailments such as
asthma.
______ 3. This herbal medicine is minced and applied on the
affected area to relieve rheumatism.
______ 4. An herbal medicine used in treating boils.
______ 5. The extract from its boiled leaves is taken to treat
diarrhea.
B. Matching Type. Draw a line to connect each herbal medicine
(Column A) to the ailment it can cure (Column B).
A B
1. Garlic worms (ascaris)
2. Guava rheumatism
3. Lagundi high blood pressure
4. Calamansi headache
5. Sambong gas pain
6. Damong Maria stomach ache
7. Tsaang Gubat diarrhea
8. Akapulko asthma
9. Yerba Buena mumps
10. Niyog-niyogan ringworm
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Well, how was it? Do you think you fared well? Compare your answers
with those in the Answer Key on page 30.
If all your answers are correct, very good! This shows you already
know much about the topic in the module.
If you got a low score, don’t feel bad. This means that this module is for
you. It can help you understand important concepts that you can apply in your
daily life. If you study this module carefully, you will learn the answers to all
the items in the test and a lot more! Are you ready?
You may now go to the next page to begin Lesson 1.

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LESSON 1
What Is the Importance of
Herbal Medicine?
In this lesson, you will be introduced to herbal medicine and its many uses
and benefits as an alternative medicine.
After studying this lesson, you should be able to:
‹ explain what herbal medicine is; and
‹ discuss the importance of herbal medicine.

Let’s Think About Herbs

Do you still remember this song?

Bahay Kubo

Bahay kubo, kahit munti

Ang halaman doon ay sari-sari
Singkamas at talong, sigarillas at mani
Sitaw, bataw, patani

Kundol, patola, upo’t kalabasa

At saka meron pang labanos, mustasa
Sibuyas, kamatis, bawang at luya
Sa paligid-ligid ay puno ng linga.

Are all the plants mentioned in the song familiar to you? Do you have them
in your backyard? Do you think they have medicinal qualities?
Well, before the Westerners came, our Malay ancestors used herbal
medicine. They believed that herbs can supply the body with healing energies
to restore and maintain health.
Today, medical experts encourage the use of herbal medicine, because
not all people can afford or have access to modern manufactured drugs. So,
the most practical alternative is to use plants as medicine. Imagine, getting
free medicine from your own backyard!
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s Read
Read the comic strip that illustrates the importance of herbal medicine below.
Salome, carrying his son, came in running towards Lumen’s house.

Mareng Lumen! What is wrong? What

Mareng Lumen! happened to my godson?

He has been sick all night. I think he is suffering from diarrhea.

He is so pale and weak. I can’t go to the hospital or health
center. I don’t have money. You are the only one I know who can
help us.

Okay. Stay calm. Let him

lie here. I’ll go outside
and get some leaves.

Later, Lumen came in holding a bunch of leaves and went into the kitchen. After a few
minutes, she came back with a glass of tsaang gubat.

Let him drink this. What is that? Where did you

This will make him feel get it?
better in a while.

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That’s tsaang gubat. I What will this

got the leaves from do?
the plants in my
backyard. I let it boil
in water for about a
few minutes.

Tsaang gubat is good for diarrhea. Your

This came from leaves? And it all
son is probably dehydrated. For the
came from your backyard? Are
stomach ache, we will give him something
they safe?
else to drink later.

Yes. My mother-in-law taught me how to make use of medicinal herbs. She said that
her family has been using herbs for ages. We have saved a lot of money just by using
them. They hardly cost anything, you know.

He has fallen asleep. The

tsaang gubat seems to be
working. I’d like to know
some more about herbal
medicine. Will you teach me?

Of course. Nowadays, it
pays to be practical and
wise.

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Let’s Think About This

Has the incident shown in the comic strip happened to you? Has anyone
in your family treated you with herbal medicine? Did it make you well? Where
do you think the idea of herbal medicine came from?
If herbal medicine is effective in curing ailments, why doesn’t everybody
use it? Does it have side effects? If someone asks you, what is so good about
herbal medicine? What will you tell him/her? Think of your answers to these
questions before proceeding.

Let’s Read More

Here is another short story showing the importance of herbal medicine.
Read it carefully.

A team of doctors and nurses from Manila came to Barrio Mahalaman to

give free medical assistance to its residents. This place doesn’t have a regular
doctor and its clinic lacks adequate medical facilities.
Aling Mameng, who has not seen a doctor for many years, took this
chance to have a medical checkup. Fortunately, the doctor found her to be in
good health.
The doctor then asked Aling Mameng how she has maintained her good
health all this time. Aling Mameng explained that she eats vegetables most of
the time. She added that whenever she gets sick, she relies on herbs. In fact,
she uses herbs to treat her children’s illnesses.
“Where did you learn this?” asked the doctor. Aling Mameng explained
that her father and grandfather were herbal doctors or herbolarios. She learned
all about herbal medicine from them.
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Aling Mameng told the doctor that most people in the barrio rely heavily
on herbal medicine for they are readily available. “Herbs can be grown in
our very own backyards. They are really effective because they relieve pain
and discomfort. Money is not even a problem, because herbs are a lot cheaper
than manufactured drugs.”
Aling Mameng has observed that herbal medicine can cure a lot of
common ailments. All her life she has not heard of any complaints from
anyone who uses herbal medicine. People, like her, have experienced the
wonders of herbal medicine.
As Aling Mameng was leaving, the doctor promised himself that he would
learn more about herbal medicine. He thought that sharing his new found
interest would be beneficial to others.

Let’s Review

Answer the following questions about what you have just read.
1. Why was the doctor surprised at the result of Aling Mameng’s checkup?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2. What does Aling Mameng use to cure her and her family’s common
ailments?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3. What is an herbolario?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4. What is herbal medicine?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
5. Why was herbal medicine important to Aling Mameng and to the
people of Barrio Mahalaman?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on page 31.

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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s Learn

“Herbal” comes from the Greek word herba, which means “grass” or
“green plant.” Medicine is any substance used to treat or prevent an
illness or ailment. In other words, herbal medicine is an alternative medicine
that makes use of herbs to heal, cure, or prevent ailments.
Today, about ¼ of all the ingredients of modern drugs come from trees,
shrubs or herbs. Plants, such as herbs that have medicinal properties usually
contain minerals, vitamins, phytochemicals and other elements that are
beneficial to our bodies. The phytochemicals (plant chemicals) are known to
have a healing effect on our body. They cause fewer side effects on the body
than manufactured medicine, because herbal drugs use only the most powerful
phytochemical in the plant to cure a specific disease.

Let’s See What You Have Learned

Read each statement carefully. Place a check mark (9) in the blank if the
statement is true and an X-mark (8) if it is false.
___ 1. Part of the ingredients in prescription drugs come from plants.
___ 2. Most people around the world rely only on plants for
medicine.
___ 3. Westerners first introduced herbal medicine in our country.
___ 4. Herbal medicine is expensive but safe.
___ 5. Plants provide only food, shelter, and clothing.
___ 6. Today, herbal medicine can treat all known diseases.
___ 7. Not all herbs have medicinal value.
___ 8. Herbs with phytochemicals are plants with medicinal value.
___ 9. Manufactured drugs cause more side effects on the body
than herbal medicine.
___ 10. Herbal plants are grown almost everywhere in the Philippines.
Did you get the answers right? Compare your answers with those in the
Answer Key on pages 31-32.
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Let’s Remember

‹ Herbal medicine has been practiced since the time of our Malay
ancestors.

‹ Herbal medicine is an effective and cheap alternative for modern

medicine.
‹ Herbs can be grown almost anywhere.
‹ Plants supply the body with healing energies for the most common
ailments.
‹ Not all plants have medicinal value.
‹ Herbal medicine cause fewer side effects on the body than
manufactured drugs.

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LESSON 2

Commonly Used Herbs and

the Ailments They Cure
In this lesson, you will learn about the different herbs that can cure certain
ailments. This knowledge will be very useful to you when you or a member of
your family gets sick.
After studying this lesson, you should be able to:
‹ identify the commonly used herbs; and
‹ identify the ailments that each plant can easily cure.

Let’s Study Common Herbs

It is estimated that there are more than 1,000 species of plants with
medicinal value in the Philippines. Since it would be impossible to discuss all
of them here, we will focus only on the most common herbal medicines. Are
you familiar with them? See if these plants are grown in your or your
neighbor’s backyard or garden.

Acapulco (Cassia alata L.)

‹ A shrub that grows to about three
meters high or more. It has yellow
flowers with small seeds found in pods.
It’s good for skin ailments or allergy.
‹ It is commercially available
in the form of lotion or ointment.
‹ It is also known by many names,
such as: Bayabas-bayabasan, Kapurko, Katanda, Katandang Aso,
Pakagondon, Sonting (Tagalog); Andadasi, Andadasi-a-dakdakel,
Andadasi-bubugtong (Ilongot); Adadisi (Tinguian or Tingguian);
Ancharasi (Igorot); Andalan (Surigaonon); Bayabasin, Bikas-bikas
(B’laan, Tagalog, B’laan, Sarangani,); Kasitas (B’laan, Saranggani,
B’laan, Koronadal); Sunting, Palo china (B’laan, Sarangani);
Pakayomkom Kastila (Pampango); Ringworm bush or shrub (English).
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Ampalaya (Momordica charantia)
‹ A herbaceous vine, whose leaves and
fruit taste bitter. It is commercially
available in the form of
tablets for diabetes.
‹ The leaves and flowers are a good
source of Vitamin A.
‹ It is also known as Amargoso
(Spanish); Margoso Ampalaya
(Tagalog); Apalia (Pampangan);
Apape (Ibanag or Ybanag); Apapet (Itneg); Palia (B’laan-Sarangani,
B’laan-Koronadal, Ifugao); Paria (Ilocano, B’laan-Sarangani,
Bantoanon, Ifugao); Pubia (Subanen); Suligum (Surigaonon);
Balsam Apple, Balsam Pear, Bitter Gourd (English).

Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

‹ An herb, 30 to 60 cm high arising
from underground bulbs.
‹ It is commercially available in the
form of capsules and tablets.
‹ It is popular as a condiment and
flavoring in Filipino foods.
‹ Also known as Ajos (Spanish,
B’laan-Sarangani), and Garlic
(English).
Guavas (Psidium guajava L.)
‹ A tree that grows 4 to 5 meters high.
Its flowers are white. The fruits are
round with small seeds and are edible.
‹ It is also known as Guayabas,
Kalimbahin, Tayabas (Tagalog);
Bagabas (Natives of the Mountain
Province); Bayabo (Ibanag or
Ybanag); Bayawas (B’laan, Koronadal,
Pangasinan); Biabas (Surigaonon); Gaiyabat, Gaiyabit
(Ifugao); Geyabas (Bontoc); Guyabas (Ilongot); Guava (English).
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Lagundi (Vitex negundo L.)

‹ It is a five-leaf herb reaching a

height of 5 meters.
‹ It is commonly used for asthma,
cough and fever. The flowers are
small and blue. Its fruits are small,
black, and round.
‹ It is commercially available in the
form of tablets or syrup.
‹ It is also known as Tugas (Cebuano);
Molave-aso, Magupay (Surigaonon);
Dangla, Lino-lino (Ilongot); Dabatan
(Ifugao); Lingei (Bontoc); Sagarai
(Bagobo); five-leaf Chaste Tree
(English).

Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica L.)

‹ It is a shrub reaching a height of 8

meters
‹ It is used against intestinal worms
like ascaris.
‹ Its flowers are red and white. The fruits are small and are similar to
balimbing in shape. The seeds taste like coconut meat.

‹ It is also known as Balitadham, Pinones, Pinion, Bonor (B’laan,

Sarangani); Bawe-bawe (Pampangan); Kasumbal, Talolong, Tanglon,
Tangulo, Tataraok (B’laan, Koronadal); Tagarau, Tagulo, Tanolo,
Totoraok (Tagalog or Filipino); Talulong (Ibanag or Ybanag); Tartarau
(Ilongot); Taungon (Manobo.); Burma creeper, Chinese honeysuckle,
Liane vermifuge (English).

Sambong (Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC.)

‹ A hairy and strongly aromatic shrub reaching a height of 3 meters.

‹ It is commercially available in the form of tablets.

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‹ Also known as Alibhon, Alimon
(B’laan-Koronadal); Ayoban,
Bukadkad, Gabuen, Gintin-gintin,
Haliban, Kambihon, Lalakdan,
Lakandulan (B’laan-Sarangani);
Dalapot (B’laan-Sarangani);
Labulan, Sambun (Surigaonon);
Sob-sob (Ilongot); Kaliban (Tagalog);
Takamain (Bagobo); Blumea camphor,
Ngai camphor (English).

Tsaang Gubat (Carmona retusa)

‹ It is a shrub reaching a height of 5

meters. It has small, green and
glossy leaves.

‹ It is commercially available in the

form of tablets and tea bags.

‹ It is also known as Malatadiang

(Gaddang), Kalabonog, Maragued
(Ilongot); Taglokot, Talibunog,
Kalimunog, Tsa (Tagalog or
Filipino).

Pansit-pansitan (Peperomia
pellucida)

‹ It is a type of succulent grass. Its

leaves are heart shaped.

‹ It is also known as ulasimang bato.

‹ It is commonly used as a cure of

urinary infection.

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Yerba Buena (Mentha cordifolia)
‹ It is an aromatic, creeping herb
reaching up to 20 cm. high. The stem
is four-angled. Leaves are wrinkled.
‹ It is available commercially in the
form of analgesic tablets and tea
bags.
‹ It cures simple coughs and colds.
‹ It is also known as Hierba Buena,
Hibas (Davaoeño, Waray, Abaknon);
Ablebana (Ifugao); Malipuen
(Aklanon); Mint, Peppermint (English).

Familiarize yourself with the common herbs and the ailments they can cure
in the table below.
Ailments Medicinal Plants

Arthritis Pansit-pansitan
Ascaris worm Niyog-niyogan
Asthma Guava, lagundi, sambong
Cough Akapulco, lagundi
Diabetes Ampalaya, guava
Diarrhea Guava
Edema or manas Sambong
Fever Lagundi, sambong
Gout Pansit-pansitan
Headache Niyog-niyogan, sambong
Hemorrhoids Ampalaya
High blood pressure Garlic
Intestinal worms Akapulco, guava
Dissolution of kidney stones Sambong
Muscle pains Garlic, guava, lagundi, yerba buena
Poison from animal bites Lagundi
Rheumatism Garlic, pansit-pansitan, yerba buena
Skin diseases (like athlete’s foot,
Akapulco, garlic, lagundi
ringworm, eczema, tinea pedis, etc.)
Stomach ache Guava, tsaang gubat
Toothache, swollen gums Guava, lagundi, yerba buena
Wounds Ampalaya

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Let’s Try These

1. Discuss with your co-learners, family members, or friends the
common ailments they get. Then, together, identify which herbs can
be used to cure those ailments using the information in the previous
section.
2. Go around your neighborhood, in the park or perhaps in a school and
try to find the herbs discussed. See for yourself how each herb looks,
smells or feels like. You can ask the help of people who know or have
used herbal medicine.
When finished, discuss your findings with your Facilitator.

Let’s Learn

Do you know that the Department of Health (DOH) is promoting the use
of the ten herbal medicines discussed earlier? After more than two decades of
research and development, the DOH has proven these herbs to be medically
safe and effective.
More research is now being done on another seventy kinds of Philippine
herbs. It is possible that as more herbs are being tested, more will be found to
be useful and effective later. Once that happens, more people will stay healthy
because more medicine will become more affordable. Diseases will be cured
more easily and less expensively with the use of these herbs. This will be a
great benefit for all of us Filipinos, especially those who cannot afford
prescription drugs.

Let’s Review
1. What are the ten herbs being promoted by the Department of Health
as effective medicine?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

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2. Do you agree with the DOH program promoting these ten herbs?
Why or why not?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

3. Are these herbs common in your area? If not, name the herbs grown
in your area.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

4. Identify which plants can be used as treatment for . . .

a. athlete’s foot _______________________________________

b. cough ____________________________________________
c. diarrhea ___________________________________________
d. headache __________________________________________
e. muscle pain ________________________________________

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on page 32.

Let’s Remember
Before you go on to Lesson 3, read first the important points of this
lesson.
‹ The Department of Health (DOH) has proven what our ancestors
knew and practiced—that herbal medicines are safe and effective.
‹ After years of research and development, the DOH is promoting the
use of the ten most common herbal medicines in the Philippines.
These are:

1. Lagundi
2. Yerba Buena
3. Sambong
4. Tsaang Gubat
5. Niyog-niyogan
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6. Guava
7. Akapulco
8. Pansit-pansitan
9. Garlic
10. Ampalaya

‹ Herbal medicine is found to be effective in curing the most common

ailments like headache, stomachache, diarrhea, cough, colds and
fever.

‹ More studies are now being conducted on other herbs that may have
medical answers to various ailments or illnesses.

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LESSON 3

Easy and Practical Ways of Preparing

Herbal Medicine
Now that you know the common medicinal herbs, it’s time for you to
learn how they are used for some ailments. In this lesson, you will learn the
basic steps involved in preparing herbal medicine.
After studying this lesson, you will be able to:
‹ identify how plants are used and prepared as medicine;
‹ perform the step-by-step instructions in preparing the herbal
medicine; and
‹ share information learned with family, friends, and neighbors.

Let’s Study and Analyze

The previous lesson showed you that medicinal plants are abundant in our
places. However, their medicinal value is of no use to us if we do not know
how they are prepared.
Let us suppose you have many herbs in your backyard. How will you use
them?
We may have a lot of questions about herbal medicine like: Should the
leaves be dried and made into powder so that they can be mixed with our
food? Are the seeds eaten raw or are they cooked in a certain way? How much
of the medicine are you supposed to take? And which plant part will you use?
Well, it is really easy to prepare herbal medicine. Here are some instructions
on how you can use plants as medicine.
a. Preparing liquid medicine from dried leaves of calachuchi
1. Dry the leaves.
2. Mince dried leaves until they become powder-like.
3. Add 1 ½ cup of powdered leaves to three glasses of boiling
water.

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4. Set aside for three to four hours before drinking.
5. Drink three or four times a day.
b. Preparing liquid medicine from fresh leaves of lagundi.
1. Mince fresh leaves finely.
2. Boil ¼ cup of leaves in two glasses of water over low heat.
3. Allow to boil until water is reduced to half.
4. Let the liquid cool, then strain.
5. Divide into three equal parts.
6. Drink each part in the morning, noon, and evening.
c. Preparing an ointment.
1. Crush dried leaves of akapulco finely.
2. Add 1 ½ cups of dried leaves to 4 cups of alcohol or coconut
wine.
3. Store in a covered jar or small container for three weeks.
4. After three weeks, you can apply it as an ointment on the affected
area three times a day.
d. Preparing a poultice (a soft usually heated and medicated mass spread
on cloth and applied to sores).
Method 1:
1. Crush leaves of sampa-sampalukan until they become powderlike
before applying on the affected area.
2. Put bandage to keep poultice in place.
Method 2:
1. Crush leaves of atis until they become powder-like before
applying on the affected area.
2. Add flour and boiling water to make a sticky poultice.
e. Preparing medicine that can be taken internally.
1. Sauté cloves of garlic.
2. Eat two cloves with or after breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

20
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s Review

Based on what you have read, answer the following questions.

1. How are the herbal plants used as medicine? Enumerate the different
ways.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
2. Which part of the plant is often used?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
3. What kinds of leaves are used in the preparation?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4. What do you mix with leaves to make an ointment?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
5. What are the methods used in preparing a poultice? Explain them.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on page 33.

Let’s Think About This

Our ancestors have been using herbal medicine as far as we can remember.
It is used until today because it is cheap, safe, and effective. It may even be
more effective than the manufactured drugs bought in drugstores.
Do you think these statements are true? There is only one way to find out.
Let us put these plants to the test and make some herbal medicine.

21
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s Prepare Herbal Medicine

Are you familiar with the lagundi herb? If yes, where have you seen one?
If not, don’t worry because in the next paragraphs, you will be formally
introduced to this wonderful plant.

Lagundi (Vitex negundo L.) is one of the ten plants considered by the
DOH to have proven medicinal qualities. It is also one of five plants developed
into a modern drug and is available in tablet and syrup form.
Here is one simple and inexpensive way of using lagundi to cure one’s cough.
Ingredients:

1. Fresh or dried leaves of lagundi

2. Water

Procedures:

1. Wash the leaves (fresh or dried) thoroughly.

2. Chop them into small pieces.

3. Place them (see dosage below) in a stainless pot or palayok.

4. Fill the pot with two glasses of water.

5. Boil for 15 minutes, and leave the pot uncovered.

6. Let it cool for a while.

7. Strain directly into a glass or pitcher.

Dosage:

Fresh leaves Dried leaves

Adult 6 tablespoons 4 tablespoons
7–12 years old 3 tbsp. 2 tbsp.
2–6 years old 1 ½ tbsp. 1 tbsp.

Wasn’t that easy? A medicine for diarrhea and cough in an instant and at
virtually no cost at all!

Read on to learn about the preparation of another herbal medicine.

22
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
Akapulco (Cassia alta L.) is clinically proven to be an effective cure for
skin diseases such as ringworm and athlete’s foot. This is available in lotion or
ointment form. Clinical tests proved that it works well as an anti-fungal cure.

Ingredients:

1. Fresh akapulco leaves.

Procedures:

1. Crush fresh leaves well.

2. Spread juice on affected area of the skin.

3. Apply this twice a day.

This is a very simple method that produces a very effective anti-fungal

ointment. Try it at home when you wish to treat skin diseases.

Let’s Try More Herbal Preparations

Do you know how to use other herbs as medicine? If you do, great! If
not, ask your elders, parents, friends, or neighbors.
With their help, try to answer this quiz by matching the herb (Column A)
with the ailment and preparation (Column B). Write the letter of each answer in
the blank provided.

A B

____ 1. Yerba Buena a. Used for diabetes. All parts of this plant
are used.

Steps in preparing this anti-diabetic

drink: Boil a part or parts of the plant
in water. Strain the liquid medicine or
decoction. Drink while still warm.

23
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
____ 2. Tsaang gubat b. Used for high blood pressure. The plant
part used is its cloves.
Steps in preparing this herbal medicine:
Roast or sauté the cloves. Also, they can
be soaked in vinegar for 30 minutes and
then blanched with boiling water for 5
minutes. (To be eaten in meals, three
times a day.)
Remember: The use of this plant is not
recommended for persons with peptic
ulcer.
____ 3. Sambong c. Used for diarrhea. The plant part used is
the roots, bark, and leaves.
Steps in preparing this anti-diarrhea
medicine: Wash the leaves well and chop
into tiny pieces. Boil the leaves in 4 glasses
of water and then let it simmer for about 15
minutes in low heat. Do not cover the pot.
Let it cool and then strain. For wounds,
wash the affected area with the liquid at
least twice a day. For mouth infections,
gargle with the lukewarm liquid.
____ 4. Pansit-pansitan d. Used for intestinal worms. The plant parts
used are its seeds or kernels.
Steps in preparing this cure: Eat two
pieces of kernels or seeds from a ripe and
freshly opened fruit after dinner. If it
doesn’t work the first time, repeat the
same procedure after one week. Common
side effects: hiccup (sinok), diarrhea, or
stomachache.
Dosage: For adults, you need 8–10
kernels; for children ages 9–12 years,
you need 6–7 kernels; for children ages
6–8 years, you need 5–6 kernels; for
children ages 3–5 years, you need 4–5
kernels.

24
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
____ 5. Niyog-niyogan e. Used for arthritis. The plant part used is
its leaves.
Steps in preparing this herbal medicine:
(As a salad) Wash leaves well. Divide
1½ cups of the leaves into three equal
parts. Each part is to be eaten in the
morning, noon, and evening.
(As a decoction) Wash leaves well. Boil
1½ cups of leaves in 2 glasses of water
and then simmer in low heat for 15
minutes. Do not cover the pot. Let it cool
and then strain. Divide the liquid into
three equal parts and drink each part in
the morning, noon, and evening.
____ 6. Guava f. Used for the dissolution of kidney stones.
The plant part used is the leaves.
Steps in preparing this medicine: Place
leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of
water. Boil for 15 minutes or until water
is reduced to half. Cool and strain the
liquid. Divide the liquid into three equal
parts. Drink each part in the morning,
noon, and evening.
Dosage: When using dried leaves:
adults—4 tablespoons; children ages 7
to 12 years—2 tablespoons. When using
fresh leaves: adults—6 tablespoons;
children ages 7 to 12—3 tablespoons.
____ 7. Garlic g. Used for diarrhea. The leaves and roots
are used.
Steps in preparing this medicine: Place
leaves in a pot filled with 2 glasses of
water. Boil for 15 minutes or until water
is reduced to half. Cool and strain the
liquid. Divide the liquid into three equal
parts. Drink each part in the morning,
noon, and evening.

25
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
Dosage: When using dried leaves:
adults—10 tablespoons; children ages 7
to 12 years—5 tablespoons; children
ages 2 to 6 years—2 ½ tablespoons.
When using fresh leaves: adults—12
tablespoons; children ages 7 to 12—6
tablespoons; children ages 2 to 6—2
tablespoons.
____ 8. Ampalaya h. Used for fever. The plant part used is its
leaves.
Steps in preparing this anti-pyretic cure:
Boil fresh leaves until the water is reduced
to half. Cool and strain before drinking.
Divide the liquid into three equal parts.
Drink each part in the morning, noon, and
evening.
Dosage: adults—¼ glass of liquid
medicine; children—½ glass of the adult
dosage.
Are you done? Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on
page 33. You may also consult the Appendix on pages 36-37.

Let’s See What You Have Learned

First arrange the jumbled words in the box. Choose from these terms the
correct answer to complete the sentences below.

1. mdinacl vialeue 6. lndagui

2. rihbaoolser 7. saonmbg
3. ptocachemilshy 8. akulkoap
4. glicar 9. lundiag
5. eadirarh 10. ybaer uebna

1. Some herbs are plants with ___________________.

26
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
2. The use of herbal medicine is commonly practiced by
________________.

3. Plant chemicals that have healing action on our body are called
________________.

4. Aside from being used in cooking, _________________ lowers

blood pressure.

5. Guava leaves can be boiled and drunk if you have

__________________.

6–7. If you have fever, you can boil the leaves of _________________ or
__________________ for medicine.

8–9. Both _________________ and _________________ are good

substitutes for cough syrups.

10. An herb also used as a spice in cooking is ___________________.

Compare your answers with those in the Answer Key on page 34.

If you got 7 or more correct answers, good! You have learned a lot from
this lesson. If your score is 6 or below, review the lesson so you’ll understand
it better.

Let’s Remember

‹ Most herbal medicines can be prepared right in your own home and
used whenever someone in your family is sick.
‹ Preparing herbal medicines is very easy because the main
ingredient is readily available. All you need to know are the right
ingredients and procedures. Herbal medicines can also be prepared in
a number of ways.
‹ Most plant parts are used in making herbal medicines.
‹ Herbal medicines are also available in drugstores and hospitals in the
form of tablets, capsules, syrup, lotions, or ointment.

27
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Let’s Sum Up

‹ Plants are not only a source of food, shelter, and clothing. They can
also be a great source of medicine.
‹ Years of research have proven that a number of plants have medicinal
value. Their leaves, fruits, roots, or stems can be used to prepare
herbal medicine. Most of these herbs are found and grown all over the
Philippines.
‹ For many centuries, herbal medicine has been an ordinary part of the
lives of our ancestors. For them, the practice of herbal medicine is
easy and safe. It is nature’s way of providing relief and comfort.
‹ Herbal medicine is an alternative for those who cannot afford to buy
expensive prescription or commercial drugs.
‹ Plant parts are the main ingredients in using and preparing herbal medicine.
‹ With the use of herbal medicine, relief and comfort from ailments or
diseases is immediate. The medicine is made by using easy and simple
procedures.
‹ Most herbal medicine, like modern prescription drugs, are also made
into tablets, capsules, lotion, ointment, and tea. These can be bought
in drugstores.

What Have You Learned?

Answer the following questions using your own words.

1. Would you consider using herbal medicine when you or a member of

your family becomes sick? Why or why not?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

2. What are the advantages of using herbal medicine?

____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
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 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
3. What do you think are the limitations or disadvantages of using herbal
medicine?
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

4. Do you have any relatives, friends, or neighbors who have tried using
herbal medicine for their ailments? Discuss your answer.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

5. Are herbal medicines easy to prepare? Or can anyone prepare his/her

own herbal medicine? Explain your answer.
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

How did you fare? You can compare your answers with those in the
Answer Key on pages 34-35. You are now very knowledgeable about herbal
medicine. You can study this module again to review what you learned.

If your score in this test is:

4–5 Great! You have learned a lot from this module. Put your
new knowledge of herbal medicine into practice so that
you’ll have inexpensive and effective medicine for yourself
and your family.

0–3 You need to study the module again. With a little more
work and patience, you’ll learn how to use herbal
medicine. Good luck!

29
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Answer Key

A. Let’s See What You Already Know (page 2)

A. 1. garlic
2. lagundi
3. onions
4. pansit-pansitan
5. guava leaves

B. A B

1. Garlic worms (ascaris)

2. Guava rheumatism
3. Lagundi high blood pressure
4. Calamansi headache
5. Sambong gas pain
6. Damong maria stomachache
7. Tsaang gubat diarrhea
8. Akapulko asthma
9. Yerba buena mumps
10. Niyug-niyugan ringworm

Please take note, however, that there are other medicinal herbs besides the
ones listed above. You may refer to the list found on page 15.

30
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
B. Lesson 1
Let’s Review (page 8)
1. The doctor was surprised to see Aling Mameng generally in good
health despite the absence of a regular doctor and the lack of
medical facilities in the barrio.
2. She uses medicinal herbs to cure common ailments.
3. An herbolario is a person who practices herbal medicine and
spiritual healing.
4. Herbal medicine is the practice of using herbal plants as medicine
to cure, heal, treat or prevent certain ailments or sicknesses.
5. Herbal medicine is important to Aling Mameng and the people of
Barrio Mahalaman because:
a. their ancestors have found it to be safe and effective;
b. the medicinal plants are readily available for they are grown or
planted all over the barrio; and
c. the medicinal plants have cured the most common health
problems in their place.
Let’s See What You Have Learned (page 9)
1. 9
2. 9
3. 8 Our ancestors were already practicing herbal medicine
even before the Westerners came.
4. 8 Medicinal herbs are cheap because the herbs are grown
in many places. Aside from that, they require very easy and simple
preparations.
5. 8 This lesson demonstrated that plants are a source of
medicine as well.

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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
6. 8 Finding cures for the more complicated and serious
ailments or sicknesses like AIDS or cancer is not yet possible for
herbal medicine. This may be done with continued research on
and development of all medicinal plants.
7. 9
8. 9
9. 9
10. 9

C. Lesson 2
Let’s Review (pages 16-17)
1. Akapulco, ampalaya, garlic, guava, lagundi, niyog-niyogan,
pansit-pansitan, sambong, tsaang gubat, and yerba buena.
2. Yes, I agree with the DOH program because:
a. all of these herbs are readily available to all, as these are grown
all over the Philippines;
b. our ancestors, with the help of research and development,
have found that herbal medicine is safe and effective; and
c. herbal medicine provides relief and comfort to the most
common health problems in all communities in the
Philippines.
3. Sample answer:
Yes, all the ten herbs are found in our area. As the DOH has said,
those herbs are common throughout the Philippines.
4. a. akapulco, garlic, lagundi
b. akapulco
c. guava
d. sambong, niyog-niyogan
e. garlic, guava, lagundi, yerba buena

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 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
D. Lesson 3
Let’s Review (page 21)
1. Herbal plants are used as:
a. liquid medicine
b. ointment
c. poultice
d. internal medicine (for example: capsules, tablets or
cooked cloves of garlic)
2. The leaves of the plant are commonly used.
3. You can use fresh or dried leaves depending on whether you want
liquid medicine or a poultice.
4. To prepare an ointment, the crushed dried leaves are mixed with
alcohol or coconut wine.
5. The two methods of preparing the poultice are:
a. Crush dried leaves until they become powdery. Apply on the
affected area. Use bandage to keep poultice in place.
b. Crush dried leaves. Add flour and boiling water to make a
sticky poultice. Apply on the affected area. Use bandage to
keep poultice in place.
Let’s Try This (pages 23-26)
1. h 5. d
2. g 6. c
3. f 7. b
4. e 8. a

33
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
Let’s See What You Have Learned (pages 26-27)
1. medicinal value
2. herbolarios
3. phytochemicals
4. garlic
5. diarrhea
6. lagundi
7. sambong
8. akapulco
9. lagundi
10. yerba buena

E. What Have You Learned? (pages 28-29)

1. Sample answer:
Yes. I will especially use the ten most common medicinal herbs
endorsed by DOH. I think they are safe and cheap. Our ancestors
have been using them for a long time now. There is no doubt that
they will be able to bring relief to me and my family in times of
discomfort and pain.
2. Sample answer:
For one thing, herbal medicine is cheaper compared to the
commercial medicines available in drugstores or pharmacies.
And at the same time, they are as effective as any modern
medicine available in any drugstore.
Since these are really cheap, the family can save a lot.
3. Sample answer:
One limitation is that while herbal medicine can cure common
ailments, they cannot treat more serious ailments such as cancer or
AIDS.

34
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
4. Sample answer:
Yes. I had grandparents who were very dependent on some
herbal medicine. I guess the reason for this is that the
effectiveness of these herbs has been tried and tested all these
years by their own families. And since there have been no side
effects of using herbal medicine, they have come to accept them.
5. Sample answer:
Most herbal medicine is prepared by decocting or boiling. The
ingredients are readily available because all you’ll need are the
plant parts. So, all in all, it could be said that preparing
herbal medicine is easy.

35
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Appendix
PART OF
PLANT AILMENT PLANT TO STEPS IN PREPARING DOSAGE
BE USED
Yerba buena Fever Leaves Boil fresh leaves until Adults—¼ glass of
water is reduced to half. liquid medicine;
Cool and strain before Children—½ glass of
drinking. Divide the liquid the adult dosage.
into three equal parts.
Drink each part in the
morning, noon, and
evening.
Tsaang gubat Diarrhea Leaves Place leaves in a pot When using dried
filled with 2 glasses of leaves: adults–10
water. Boil for 15 minutes tablespoons; children
or until water is reduced ages 7–12 years—5
to half. Cool and strain tablespoons; for
the liquid. Divide the liquid children ages 2–6
into three equal parts. years—2 ½
Drink each part in the tablespoons. When
morning, noon, and using fresh leaves:
evening. Adults—12
tablespoons, children
ages 7–12—6
tablespoons, children
ages 2–6—2
tablespoons.
Sambong Dissolution of Leaves Place leaves in a pot filled When using dried
kidney stones with 2 glasses of water. leaves: adults—4
Boil for 15 minutes or until tablespoons; children
water is reduced to half. ages 7–12 years—2
Cool and strain the liquid. tablespoons. When
Divide the liquid into three using fresh leaves:
equal parts. Drink each Adults—6
part in the morning, noon, tablespoons, children
and evening. ages 7–12—3
tablespoons.
Pansit- Arthritis Leaves (As a salad) Wash leaves
pansitan well. Divide 1 ½ cups of
leaves into three equal
parts. Each part is to be
eaten in the morning,
noon, and evening. (As a
decoction) Wash leaves
well. Boil 1 ½ cups of
leaves and 2 glasses of
water and then simmer in
low heat for 15 minutes.
Do not cover the pot. Let it
cool and then, strain.
Divide the liquid into three
equal parts and drink each
part in the morning, noon,
and evening.
36
 All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means -
electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.
PART OF
PLANT AILMENT PLANT TO STEPS IN PREPARING DOSAGE
BE USED

Niyog-niyogan Intestinal Seeds or Eat two kernels or seeds For adults, you need
worms kernels from a ripe and freshly 8–10 kernels; for
opened fruit after dinner. children ages 9–12
If it doesn’t work the first years, you need 6–7
time, repeat the same kernels; for children
procedure after one week. ages 6–8 years, you
Common side effects: need 5–6 kernels; for
hiccup (sinok), children ages 3–5
diarrhea, or stomach years, you need 4–5
ache. kernels.

Guava Diarrhea Roots, bark,

leaves Wash the leaves well and
chop into tiny pieces.
Boil the leaves in 4
glasses of water and then
let the liquid simmer for
about 15 minutes in low
heat. Do not cover the pot.
Let it cool and then strain.
For wounds, wash affected
area with the liquid at
least twice a day. For
mouth infections, gargle
with the lukewarm liquid.

Garlic High blood cloves Roast or sauté the cloves

pressure Also, they can be soaked in
vinegar for 30 minutes and
then blanched with boiling
water for 5 minutes. To be
eaten in meals, three
times a day. Remember:
The use of this plant is
not recommended for
persons with peptic ulcer.

Ampalaya Diabetes All parts of Boil a part or parts of

the plant are the plant in water.
used Strain the liquid
medicine or decoction.
Drink while still warm.

37
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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.

Glossary

Decoction A preparation made by boiling

Mince To cut anything (especially food) into very small pieces
Poultice A soft substance spread on a cloth. It is sometimes heated and
put on the affected area to reduce pain or swelling
Sauté To fry quickly with little or no cooking oil
Simmer To cook (something liquid or with liquid in it) at a temperature
slightly below boiling
Strain To separate the liquid from the solid part or particles by pouring
through a utensil with small holes in it

References

Estrella, David R. Priority Medicinal Plants for Barangay Herbal

Gardens Their Propagation and Culture. 1983.
Gabay sa Kalusugan ng Pamilya. Department of Health, 1987.
Gabay sa Paggamit ng 10 Halamang Gamot. Traditional Medicine
Program, Department of Health, 1992.
Guidebook on the Proper Use of Medicinal Plants. NSTA-UP Research
Project No. 8003 MD, 1982.
Herbal Therapy: Alternative Medicine in the Philippines.
<http://stuartxchange.com/Herbal.html>. December 12, 2000, date
accessed.
<http://www.philippineherbs.com/philippineherbindex.htm>. December
13, 2000, date accessed.
National Science Development Board. Manwal sa Paggamit ng mga
Halamang Gamot. Unang Edisyon. Taguig, Bicutan, 1980.

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electronic or mechanical including photocopying – without written permission from the DepEd Central Office. First Edition, 2020.