2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 23 July 2022, Shah Alam, Selangor,

Malaysia

Modelling of Wireless Power Transfer System

Using MATLAB SIMULINK
N. Hussin
M. Irwanto Y. T. Nugraha
Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
Technology
Universitas Prima Indonesia (UNPRI) Universitas Prima Indonesia (UNPRI)
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),
Medan, Indonesia. Medan, Indonesia.
Perlis, Malaysia.
Fellow of Center of Excellence for yogatrinugraha@unprimdn.ac.id
nuriziani@unimap.edu.my
Renewable Energy (CERE)
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP),
Perlis, Malaysia.
muhammadirwanto@unprimdn.ac.id

I. Nisza D. Perangin-Angin H. Alam

Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering
2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC) | 978-1-6654-6806-0/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICSGRC55096.2022.9845181

Universitas Bung Hatta Universitas Prima Indonesia (UNPRI) Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Padang, Indonesia. Medan, Indonesia. Medan, Indonesia.
drindra765@bunghatta.ac.id despaleriperanginangin@unprimdn.ac.id hermansyahalam250965@gmail.com

Abstract—Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a concept to electric short circuits so it is safe to operate in several fire-
transfer electrical power from a sending coil to a receiving coil prone situations.
without wire. The previous researchers have studied about the The effect of DC voltage source on the performance of
WPT using its implementation in simulation modelling, but it WPT system has been studied by [6]. A hardware of WPT
is little supporting that related to the mathematical
system is developed and its performance is observed based
formulation, especially in the distance between the sending and
receiving coil. This paper presents a simulation modelling of on the change of DC voltage source. The experimental
WPT system using MATLAB SIMULINK based on the results show that the increasing of DC voltage source will
mathematical formulation that related to the inductance of affect the voltage, current and power on the sending and
inductor of the sending and receiving coil, turn number of coil receiving coil where its voltage, current and power will also
and mutual inductance as representative of the distance increase.
between the sending and receiving coil. The simulation results A concept of relay magnetic coupling is applied in the
show that 5 kHz pulse wave generated by pulse generator WPT system to improve its efficiency [7]. The relay
drives the gate terminal of MOSFET that converts the DC magnetic is positioned between the sending and receiving
voltage to be 5 kHz AC voltage on the sending coil by the half
coil to increase the number of magnetic fluxes arriving the
bridge inverter circuit. The sending coil generates its rms AC
voltage of 46.87 V for the distance of 50 cm and also an AC receiving coil. This concept can increase its efficiency up to
voltage is inducted on the receiving coil with its rms voltage, 75% for the distance between sending and receiving coil of
current and power are 22.79 V, 2.15 A and 10.68 W, 1m.
respectively. The concept of magnetic coupling in WPT system is also
studied by [8]. Four topologies are introduced in this
Keywords—wireless power transfer, half bridge inverter, concept based on the connection of capacitor on the sending
sending and receiving coil, mutual inductance and receiving coil. They are series-series (SS) concept,
series-parallel (SP) concept, parallel-parallel (PP) concept
I. INTRODUCTION and parallel-series (PS) concept. The main objective of the
The WPT system can be divided by four categories. concept is to obtain the compensation capacitance of the
They are electromagnetic radiation, magnetic induction, WPT system.
electric induction and ultrasonic [1]. The magnetic induction A concept of magnetic coupling in WPT system is also
is the most popular concept applied in the WPT system. The implemented by [9]. The turn number of 56 using copper
development of WPT concept and also the improvement of wire on the sending and receiving coil is implemented to
WPT system have been conducted by the previous obtain their mutual inductance that it is related to the power
researchers. on the receiving coil (a mathematical modelling is applied in
The WPT system with inductive coupling offers various the case). The mutual inductance has same value with its
advantages, including ease of construction and operation self-inductance for the same shape of the sending and
[2]. This is also reinforced by research that has been done by receiving coil. But it has larger value for the different shape
[3-5]. Because of its low transmission frequency, of the sending and receiving coil.
the inductive coupling is non-radiative and considered safe This paper presents a simulation modelling of WPT
for people. Over short distances, this method of transmitting system using MATLAB SIMULINK. The model is based on
a power has a high efficiency up to 95%. In addition, this the mathematical formulation that related to the inductance
inductive coupling method does not cause sparks and of inductor of sending and receiving coil, turn number of

978-1-6654-6806-0/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 21

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 2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 23 July 2022, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

coils, mutual inductance as representative of the distance d 2 N 2 − 40d w LN − 18dL = 0 (2)

between sending and receiving coil. The performance of
WPT system is observed and analyzed for the distance of 50 The distance between the sending and receiving coil, dsr
cm. is modelled as a formula that it is related to a mutual
inductance between the sending and receiving coil and it is
given by (3) for the air with permeability of µ0 = 4π x 10-7
H.m-1 and radius of the sending and receiving coil are rs and
II. METHODOLOGY
rr, respectively.
A. Proposed Modelling of WPT πµ 0 N 2 rs2 rr2 x10 −4
A modelling of WPT system is proposed in this paper. M sr = (3)
The modelling is based on a mathematical modelling which (d sr2 + rr2)3

is implemented using MATLAB SIMULINK as shown in

Fig. 1. It consists of DC voltage, half bridge inverter circuit
and sending and receiving coil circuit.
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This section explains the results of pulse waves generated
by the pulse generators, voltage waveforms on the sending
and receiving coil, also effect of the distance between
sending and receiving coil on the performance of WPT
system.
The pulse waves, voltage waveforms and the
performance of WPT system are analyzed for the time of
0.0022 s to 0,0024 s. It is to prove that the system has
frequency of 5 kHz or period of 0.0002 s, also to make be
easy to observe and analyze the required electrical values in
Fig. 1. Modelling of WPT system using MATLAB SIMULINK the analysis.

B. Half Bridge Inverter Circuit A. Pulse Wave Generated by Pulse Generators

A half bridge inverter circuit is constructed by pulse The main function of pulse waves is to drive the gate
generators and switching component (MOSFET). Its main terminal of MOSFETs. They are driven in the system
function is to convert DC voltage waveform to be AC frequency of 5 kHz for a condition of ON and OFF.
voltage waveform that it is fed in to the sending coil circuit. Fig. 2 shows a pulse wave generated by pulse generator 1
5 kHz pulse wave is created by pulse generators to switch for the operating time of 0.02 s. It is captured for the time of
the MOSFETS in a condition ON and OFF for a half cycle, 0.0022 s to 0.0024 s to obtain a larger pulse wave and it is
respectively. Normally, the pulse wave generated by the easy to be observed and analyzed.
pulse generator will generate square AC voltage waveform,
but it is due to the sending coil has a required inductance that
is paralleled to the capacitance of capacitor of 3 µF and
added an inductor of 100 µH that connected to the center tap
of sending coil, thus a sinusoidal AC voltage waveform will
be generated on the sending coil of WPT system.

C. Sending and Receiving Coil

The inductance of inductor of sending and receiving coil,
L is required in the generation of sinusoidal AC voltage
waveform with a suitable frequency, f of 5 kHz. The value of
inductance of inductor, L that connected to a capacitance of
capacitor, C as shown in Fig. 1 is given by (1).
1
L= (1)
4π f 2 C
2 Fig. 2. Pulse wave generated by pulse generator 1
Fig. 3 shows the result of captured pulse waves
The required inductances of inductor of sending and generated by pulse generator 1 and 2 for the same time of
receiving coil, L are 337.73 µH for the system frequency, f of 0.0022 s to 0.0024 s. Fig. 3 (a) and (b) are pulse waves to
5 kHz and the capacitance of capacitor of 3 µF. drive the MOESFET1 and MOSFET2, respectively. Fig. 3
The sending and receiving coil are modelled as solenoid shows that the period, T of the pulse wave is 0.0002 s
coil with diameter, d and wire diameter, dw. Thus, their turn (0.0024 s – 0.0022 s = 0.0002 s).
number, N are given by (2). It is applied for the diameter
unit is inch and the inductance of inductor is µH. 40 turns of The pulse wave generated by pulse generator 1 has a
sending and receiving coil are applied in the modelling using high value, while the pulse wave generated by pulse
MATLAB SIMULINK. generator 2 has low value for a first half cycle or for the first

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 2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 23 July 2022, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

half periode of 0.0001 s. Thus, the MOSFETS1 will be ON

and MOSFET2 will be OFF. For a second half cycle or for
the second half periode of 0.0001 s, the pulse wave
generated by pulse generator 1 has a low value, while the
pulse wave generated by pulse generator 2 has high value.
This condition causes the half bridge inverter generates a
sinusoidal AC voltage waveform on the sending coil. It is T

also caused by combination of inductance of inductor of

sending coil that connected by capacitanc of capacitor in
parallel connection (it acts as a LC filter in the circuit).

Voltage (V)
(a) Sending coil

Fig. 3. Pulse wave generated by pulse generator 1 and 2

B. Performance of WPT System

The voltage waveforms generated by sending and
receiving coil are sinusoidal waveforms as shown in Fig. 4
for the distance between sending and receiving coil is 50 cm.
In this case, a DC voltage of 24 V is supplied to the WPT
system. It is converted by the half bridge inverter circuit to
be AC voltage waveform with its peak value of 66.28 V or
with its rms value of 46.87 V. Its rms value is almost twice
of DC voltage, it is due to the DC voltage is supplied for the
(b) Receiving coil
first and second half cycle in the half bridge inverter circuit,
thus it is almost 2 x 24 V = 48 V. Fig. 4. AC voltage waveforms for the distance of 50 cm

It is due to the sending coil connected together with the

capacitor create a closed loop circuit, thus the rms AC Fig. 5 shows the AC voltage waveforms on the receiving
voltage waveform generated by the sending coil will coil for the distance of 50 cm. The AC peak current of 3.04
generate an AC current. It flows through the sending coil and A or the AC rms current of 2.15 A flows through the
generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field strength receiving coil. The AC current leads the AC voltage by
depends on the value of AC current. If the AC current 77.4o. It is as multiplication of the time different of (2.588 –
increases, thus the magnetic field strength will increase also, 2.545) x 10-3 s and (180o/0.0001 s). It indicates that the
inversely if the AC current decreases, thus the magnetic field power factor and AC power on the receiving coil are 0.218
strength will decrease. It means that the magnetic field and 10.68 W, respectively.
strength is proportional to the AC current which flows
through the sending coil.
The magnetic field has magnetic flux and flows through
the air and arrives the receiving coil. Thus, a sinusoidal AC
voltage waveform is induced on the receiving coil as shown
in Fig. 4 (b). It has a peak voltage value of 32.23 V or its rms
voltage value is 22.79 V.

Fig. 5. AC voltage and current waveforms on the receiving coil for the
distance of 50 cm

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 2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 23 July 2022, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

IV. CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGMENT

A wireless power transfer is modelled using MATLAB Thank you very much to Indonesian Ministry of
SIMULINK based on a mathematical formulation that Education, Culture, Research and Technology for a grant of
related to the system frequency, inductance of inductor of University Superior Basic Research with a grant number of
sending and receiving coil, turn number of coils, mutual 63/LL1/LT/K/2022.
inductance and the distance between the sending and
receiving coil. Some statements can be deducted as stated REFERENCES
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