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    Week 7 Periodic Table of Elements LECTURE G8

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    sibugzaldy
    This document provides information about families or groups of elements in the periodic table. It defines families as groups of elements that have similar chemical and physical properties. Examples of key families mentioned are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases. The document discusses trends in properties as elements move down or across periods and groups, such as increasing metallic character and atomic size. Specific elements and their common uses are also outlined, such as sodium in soaps and sodium benzoate as a food preservative.

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    Week 7 Periodic Table of Elements LECTURE G8

    Uploaded by

    sibugzaldy
    7 views37 pages
    This document provides information about families or groups of elements in the periodic table. It defines families as groups of elements that have similar chemical and physical properties. Examples of key families mentioned are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases. The document discusses trends in properties as elements move down or across periods and groups, such as increasing metallic character and atomic size. Specific elements and their common uses are also outlined, such as sodium in soaps and sodium benzoate as a food preservative.

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    This document provides information about families or groups of elements in the periodic table. It defines families as groups of elements that have similar chemical and physical properties. Examples of key families mentioned are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases. The document discusses trends in properties as elements move down or across periods and groups, such as increasing metallic character and atomic size. Specific elements and their common uses are also outlined, such as sodium in soaps and sodium benzoate as a food preservative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views37 pages

    Week 7 Periodic Table of Elements LECTURE G8

    Uploaded by

    sibugzaldy
    This document provides information about families or groups of elements in the periodic table. It defines families as groups of elements that have similar chemical and physical properties. Examples of key families mentioned are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases. The document discusses trends in properties as elements move down or across periods and groups, such as increasing metallic character and atomic size. Specific elements and their common uses are also outlined, such as sodium in soaps and sodium benzoate as a food preservative.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 37

    PERIODIC

    TABLE OF
    ELEMENTS

    WEEK 7
    Families/Groups

    Definition: groups of elements that have


    similar chemical properties
    Chemical properties: valence number, reactivity
    (with water, a base, an acid), behavior in solvents,
    radioactivity
    Physical properties: state, color, m.p. and b.p.,
    hardness, malleablility, density, conductivity, etc.
    Examples of Families
    Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition
    Metals, Halogens, the Noble Gases
    Found in columns and/or series (rows)
    GROUP /
    FAMILIES OF
    PERIODIC
    TABLE OF
    ELEMENTS
    Vertical group
    Group 1-Group 18
    Lanthanides and
    Actinides are part
    of Transition
    Elements

    Some
    groups has
    special
    names
    Lanthanides and
    Actinides are part
    of Transition
    Elements

    Group 13-Boron
    group
    G14- Carbon
    G15-Nitrogen
    G17-Oxygen
    Alkali Metals

    Most reactive family of metals


    Group I: only 1 e- in outer shell
    More reactive as move down the group, as size increases
    Never found free in nature
    Kept under oil in lab
    Metals (but not always typical metals*)
    Good conductors of heat/electricity
    Malleable and ductile
    All soft (can be cut with a knife) and shiny and lighter
    (less dense) than other metals (float on water)*
    Solid at room temperature*
    M.P and B. P are positive/lower than most metals
    Malambot and
    flexible
    2. PERIOD
    HORIZONTAL
    7 PERIODS
    LANTHANIDES-PERIOD 6
    ACTINIDES-P. 7
    NOTE!!
    METAL-YELLOW
    NON-METAL-BLUE
    PLUS, HYDROGEN
    METALLOID-BLACK
    BORON IS NOT
    METAL BUT SILICON
    AND OTHER ONE ACT
    AS SEMICONDUCTOR
    W/C IS IMPORTANT
    IN ELECTRONIC
    CIRCUITS
    METALLIC PROPERTY How easy is atom to
    lose and electron
    How big the
    sizes of an
    element
    Ability to
    gain or
    attracts
    aSAX
    • wdwsf
    qddq
    • qad
    HOW TO KNOW THE TREND OF AN ELEMENT
    Example:
    Krypton
    To Potassium
    the trend or the
    metallic and
    atomic sizes
    increases
    EXAMPLE OF RADIUS/SIZE
    PROPERTIES
    AND USES OF
    ELEMENTS
    ELEMENTS BELONG TO
    SAME GROUP SHARE
    COMMON PROPERTIES

    This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA


    Sodium
    Hydroxide
    • Alkali metals
    • Aka caustic soda
    • Used in making soap,
    detergents, paper, textiles
    and rayon(a semi-synthetic
    fiber, made from natural
    sources of regenerated
    cellulose, such as wood
    and related agricultural
    products./tela)
    • Rnked 10-industrial
    chemicals
    SODIUM
    BENZOATE
    • Aka Benzoate Soda
    • Is added in food like margarines, salad
    dressings, maple syrup,pickles,jams and
    jellies and drinks like softdrinks,wine
    coolers and fruity juices
    • Low-cost preservatives This Photo by
    Unknown Author is

    • Used as corrosion inhibitor in licensed under CC


    BY-NC

    automotive and other anti freeze


    product in the plastic industry where it
    is found to improve clarity and strength.
    POTASSIUM
    CHLORIDE
    • Is used in a source of
    oxygen in the laboratory.
    • s/e : chest pain etc.…
    • POTASSIUM
    PERCHLORATE-
    • used in explosives and
    fireworks.
    CESIUM
    BROMIDE and
    CESIUM IODIDE

    •Are used
    in
    fluorescen
    t screens
    ALKALI
    EARTH
    METALS
    • Except Beryllium
    –tarnish readily in
    air. They easily
    react in oxygen
    and water in the
    air. Although not
    rapidly as alkali
    metals
    BERYLLIUM
    Uses in XRAY
    apparatus
    because of
    minimum
    absorption
    MANY OF THE ALKALINE EARTH METALS are use
    commercially
    MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE- Ingredient
    in ANTACID
    CALCIUM OXIDE- used in STEEL
    industry
    STRONTIUM –used in fireworks
    TITANIUM,CHROMIUM AND ZINC- are
    corrosion resistant which makes them
    useful in different industries.
    ZINC- Used to protect galvanize metal
    to prevent corrosion This Photo by Unknown
    Author is licensed under CC
    BY-SA
    TUESDAY ACTIVITY ….
    NEXT
    GROUP 1and 2 ACTIVITY: ‘’ELEMENTS AT HOME’’
    ELEMENT FOUND IN WHAT OTHER USES
    MATERIAL/PRODUCT AT HOME

    EXAMPLE: SILVER JEWELRY ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR


    1. ALUMINUM
    2. LITHIUM
    3. SODIUM
    4. HELIUM
    5.NEON
    6. MAGNESIUM
    7. CALCIUM
    8. SILICON

    9. SULFUR
    10. IRON
    GROUP 3 and 4 ACTIVITY: ‘’ELEMENTS AT HOME’’
    ELEMENT FOUND IN WHAT OTHER USES
    MATERIAL/PRODUCT AT HOME
    EXAMPLE: SILVER JEWELRY ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR
    1. COBALT
    2. NICKEL

    3. ZINC
    4. GOLD
    5. MERCURY
    6. LEAD
    7. ANTIMONY
    8. COPPER

    9. TIN
    10. PHOSPOROUS
    LONG QUIZ WEDNESDAY

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