Litreatrature - Review Rakshit
Litreatrature - Review Rakshit
Litreatrature - Review Rakshit
2.1Review of Literature
1. UTILIZATION OF PLASTIC WASTE IN CONCRETE AS A PARTIAL
REPLACEMENT OF FINE AGGREGATE By S. Das, M. T. Alam & I. Chowdhury
Says that The onset of industrialization and the sustained urban growth of large population
causes the build-up of large amount plastic wastes. Because of the non- biodegradable
property of plastics, decomposition is not possible. So, they remain in the environment for a
long time, pollute soil and water that creates ecological problems. If these harmful non-
biodegradable materials can be substituted as a construction material by using in concrete,
that will be a significant source of plastic wastes management. This paper deals with the
investigation of using grinder plastic wastes as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in
concrete and to find the optimum percentage of plastic that can be used in concrete without
reduction of concrete strength or with a slight amount of strength reduction which are
considered as negligible. Plastic wastes consist of1 discarded old computers, TVs,
refrigerators, radios, old electrical and electronic equipment were collected at first and then
grinded through using a pulverizing machine. Through ACI method, a mix design was made
for concrete of grade M-28. The proportion of mixing of the grinded plastic wastes are 2 %, 4
%, 6 %, 8 % & 10 %. The specimens have been cured for 7 & 28 days. Compressive strength
and Tensile strength test of concrete were conducted. As the melting temperature of the
plastic is low thus it is susceptible to temperature. So, it is important to focus on the impact of
heat in concrete strength when using grinded plastic. Post-heat compressive strength test was
also conducted. After obtaining the data, they were analyzed by comparing with a controlled
specimen. Result had showed that there was slight reduction in strength with the mix
proportion of 2%, 4% and 6% of grinded plastic wastes.
blocks and study their characteristics. Pavement blocks are perfect materials on the
pathways and streets for simple laying and finishing. Here the pavement characteristics of
strength blocks comprising of waste plastics and the design consideration for pavement
block incorporating waste plastic bags is presented. It will be a boon to modern society and
environment. The main aim is to use the plastic nature in construction fields with limited
additions. It will be definitely a cost economical and can be applied in different forms.
2. this research proposes utilizing waste plastic, specifically HDPE and PE bags, as a partial
substitute for sand and aggregate in paver block manufacturing. This approach can
significantly reduce plastic waste accumulation and construction costs. The resulting paver
blocks offer thermal and sound insulation properties and can be colored for aesthetic
purposes. The study explores the impact of varying waste plastic content on the compressive
strength, water absorption, and efflorescence of the paver blocks, paving the way for a
sustainable construction material that incorporates recycled plastic.
3. Plastic use is on the rise, generating a massive amount of waste (56 lakh tons annually).This
waste presents an opportunity for reuse and recycling to reduce environmental pollution.The
study explores using waste plastic in manufacturing concrete paving blocks as an eco-
friendly way to dispose of plastic waste.Regular concrete paver blocks use fine aggregate
(crushed sand) along with cement, coarse aggregates, and admixtures.This research
compares the durability and compressive strength of regular paver blocks with those made
using shredded waste plastic as a replacement for fine aggregate.The plastic used in this
experiment is High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) collected from public and industrial
areas. he authors clarify that their research focuses on replacing cement , not fine aggregate,
with waste plastic in paver blocks.Reduce the cost of producing paver blocks.Utilize waste
plastic bottles in a productive way.Minimize plastic pollution and its environmental
impact.The experiment involves creating three types of paver blocks, with a total of nine
blocks made.These blocks are all 200mm x 100mm x 75mm and incorporate waste plastic in
varying proportions mixed with sand and coarse aggregate.
4. India drowns in plastic waste (56 lakh tonnes/year) that takes ages to decompose. This
project fights back by turning waste plastic into pavement blocks! Recycled plastic replaces
some sand in concrete blocks, reducing pollution and potentially creating strong building
materials. Tests show promise for footpaths and parking areas. This is a win-win for a
cleaner environment and potentially better construction materials.
5. The concluding remark of this statement is that incorporating grinded plastic waste up to
6% as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete shows promise as a plastic waste
management solution. This method resulted in only a slight reduction in compressive and
tensile strength, potentially negligible depending on specific application requirements.
Further research is suggested to explore the impact of higher plastic content and heat on
concrete strength.
6. The concluding remark of this statement is that incorporating grinded plastic waste up to 6%
as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete shows promise as a plastic waste
management solution. This method resulted in only a slight reduction in compressive and
tensile strength, potentially negligible depending on specific application requirements.
Further research is suggested to explore the impact of higher plastic content and heat on
concrete strength.
7. this research proposes utilizing waste plastic, specifically HDPE and PE bags, as a partial
substitute for sand and aggregate in paver block manufacturing. This approach can
significantly reduce plastic waste accumulation and construction costs. The resulting paver
blocks offer thermal and sound insulation properties and can be colored for aesthetic
purposes. The study explores the impact of varying waste plastic content on the compressive
strength, water absorption, and efflorescence of the paver blocks, paving the way for a
sustainable construction material that incorporates recycled plastic.
2.3Objective of Project
The utilization of plastic waste in pavement blocks by Partialy replacing fine
aggregates aims to achieve the following objectives:
•To compare cost of nominal pavement block and plastic pavement block .