Complex Numbers Revision Questions

COMPLEX NUMBERS REVISION QUESTIONS
Attempt ALL Questions.
( 2 − i )2 ( 3 i − 1 )
1a) Find the modulus and argument of (3 + i ) .
(2+3 i)
b) Show that the complex number (5+i) can be expressed in the
(2+3 i)4
4
form λ ( 1+i ) where λ is real. Hence, evaluate (5+i) .
2a) Find and describe the equation of the locus of the complex
number defined by:
i)
arg ( ) z−1
z+1
=
π
4 ii)
|
z−1
z +1
|= 2
iii) z  2i  2 zi  1
iv)
Re ( 2z +1
)
z − 2i
=0
iv)
|
z−1−i
z−1+i
|=2
3a) Find the locus of z which moves such that z + 2 = λi ( z + 8 ) where

λ is a parameter.
b) If the complex number w = x + iy satisfies the expression

w
=2−i
w+2 , find the modulus and argument of w .
2
c) Find the real values of a and b such that ( a + bi ) = i , hence or
otherwise solve z 2 + 2z + 1 − i = 0 , where z = a + bi .
4a) Given that z (5 + 5 i ) = a (1 + 3 i) + b ( 2 − i ) wherea and b are real

π
numbers and that
arg z =
2 and |z|= 7 , find the values ofa andb .
1+i
z=
b) 5a) Given that 3 − 2i , express z2 in the form r ( cos θ + i sin θ ) .
https://www.examsolutions.net/tutorials/exam-questions-complex-numbers/ Page 1
b) Solve the equation:
−1 + √ 3 i 6
6a) Use De Moivre’s theorem to find the value of 1 + √ 3 i .
( )
b) Use De’Moivres theorem to find the modulus and argument of
( √ 3+i)9 (1+ i)3
(−1−i)4
7a) Find the four roots of:
i) (−16 ) ii) 8 (−1 + i √ 3 )
− +√ i
1 3
iii) 5 + 12i iv) 2 2
8a)
2 2
c) Find the value of:i) ii) (√ 3 + i )

3 3
(3 − 4 i)
9a) Represent the complex numbers −2−i , −7+ 4 i and −1+i on the
Argand diagram and show that the triangle formed is right
angled.
Complex Numbers Questions
Complex Numbers Questions and answers are given here in an easily understandable way. Students
can try solving the questions given here and verify their answers with the solutions provided. Also,
they can practise the additional questions given at the end of the page. Before practising questions on
complex numbers, let’s recall what complex numbers are.
What are complex numbers?
Complex numbers can be expressed as a combination of real and imaginary numbers. The standard
notation of a complex number is given by z = x + iy, where x is the real part of z and iy is the
imaginary part of the complex number z. Also, “i” is called the “iota” and i 2 = -1.
If z1 = a + ib and z2 = c + id are two complex numbers such that;
 (a + ib) + (c + id) = (a + c) + i(b + d)

 (a + ib) – (c + id) = (a – c) + i(b – d)
 (a + ib). (c + id) = (ac – bd) + i(ad + bc)
 (a + ib) / (c + id) = [(ac + bd)/ (c + d )] + i[(bc – ad) / (c + d )]
2 2 2 2
Learn more about complex numbers here.
Complex Numbers Questions and Answers

1. If z = 2 – 3i, then find z2.
Solution:
Given,
z = 2 – 3i
z2 = z.z
= (2 – 3i)(2 – 3i)
= 2(2) – 2(3i) – (3i)(2) + (3i)(3i)
= 4 – 6i – 6i + 9i2 {since i2 = -1}
= 4 – 12i + 9(-1)
= 4 – 12i – 9
= -5 – 12i
Therefore, z2 = -5 – 12i.
2. Suppose z = (2 – i)2 + [(7 – 4i)/(2 + i)] – 8, express z in the form of x + iy such that x and y are
real numbers.
Solution:
Given,
z = (2 – i)2 + [(7 – 4i)/(2 + i)] – 8
= (2)2 – 2(2)(i) + (i2) + [(7 – 4i)(2 – i)/ (2 + i)(2 – i)] – 8
= (4 – 4i – 1) + [(14 – 7i – 8i + 4i2)/ (4 – i2)] – 8
= (3 – 4i) + [(14 – 15i – 4)/(4 + 1)] – 8 {since i2 = -1}
= (3 – 4i) + [(10 – 15i)/5] – 8
= (3 – 4i) + (2 – 3i) – 8
= -3 – 7i
This is of the form x + iy such that x = -3 and y = -7.
3. Simplify:
1−2�3+4�−2+�5�
Solution:
1−2�3+4�−2+�5�
This can be written as:
=1−2�3+4�.3−4�3−4�−2+�5�.−�−�=(3−4�−6�+8�2)9−16�2−(−2�−�2)−5�2=(3–
10�–8)(9+16)−(−2�+1)5=(−5−10�)25+25�–15=−15−25�+25�–15=−25
Therefore,
1−2�3+4�−2+�5�=−25
Modulus and Conjugate of a Complex number
If z = x + iy is a complex number then, mod of z is given by |z| = √(x2 + y2).
If z = x + iy then the conjugate of z is z̄ = a – ib.

4. If z1 = 2 + 8i and z2 = 1 – i, then find |z1/z2|.
Solution:
Given,
z1= 2 + 8i and z2 = 1 – i
z1/z2 = (2 + 8i)/(1 – i)
= (2 + 8i)(1 + i)/ (1 – i)(1 + i)
= [2 + 2i + 8i + 8i2]/ [1 – i2]
= (2 + 10i – 8)/ (1 + 1) {since i2 = -1}
= (-6 + 10i)/2
= -3 + 5i
Now, |z1/z2| = √[(-3)2 + (5)2]
= √(9 + 25)
= √34
5. If |z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1, then show that z lies on an imaginary axis.
Solution:
Let z = x + iy be the complex number.
Now, z2 = z.z = (x + iy)(x + iy)
= x2 + ixy + ixy + (iy)2
= x2 + 2ixy – y2 {since i2 = -1}
z2 – 1 = x2 + 2ixy – y2 – 1
= (x2 – y2 – 1) + i(2xy)
Thus, |z2 – 1| = √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + (2xy)2]
= √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2]
|z|2 + 1 = [√(x2 + y2)]2 + 1
= x2 + y2 + 1
Given that,
|z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1
So, √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2] = x2 + y2 + 1
Squaring on both sides, we get;
(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2 = (x2 + y2 + 1)2
[x2 – (y2 + 1)]2 + 4x2y2 = [x2 + (y2 + 1)]2
[x2 – (y2 + 1)]2 – [x2 + (y2 + 1)]2 + 4x2y2 = 0
As we know, (a – b)2 – (a + b)2 = -4ab,
-4x2(y2 + 1) + 4x2y2 = 0
-4x2y2 – 4x2 + 4x2y2 = 0
4x2 = 0
x=0
Therefore, z lies on the y-axis.
6. Find the conjugate of z1 – z2 if z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 5 + 2i.
Solution:
Given,
z1 = 2 + 3i
z2 = 5 + 2i
z1 – z2 = (2 + 3i) – (5 + 2i)
= (2 – 5) + i(3 – 2)
= -3 + i
As we know the conjugate of z = x + iy = x – iy.
Conjugate of z1 – z2 = -3 – i
7. Simplify: i59
Solution:
We know that,
i2 = -1, i3 = -i, i4 = 1
We can write 59 as: 59 = 4 × 14 + 3
So, i59 = i(4 × 14) + 3
= i(4 × 14) . i3
= 1.i3
= -i
Therefore, i59 = -i.
8. Find real x and y if (x – iy) (3 + 5i) is the conjugate of – 6 – 24i.
Solution:
(x – iy)(3 + 5i) = 3x + 5ix – 3iy – 5yi2
= 3x + i(5x – 3y) + 5y {since i2 = -1}
= (3x + 5y) + i(5x – 3y)
Given that (x – iy)(3 + 5i) is the conjugate of -6 – 24i.
Here, the conjugate of -6 – 24i = -6 + 24i.
So, 3x + 5y = -6
5x – 3y = 24
Solving these two equations, we get; x = 3 and y = -3.
9. Find the relation between a and b if z = a + ib if |(z – 3)/(z + 3)| = 2.
Solution:
Given,
z = a + ib
|(z – 3)/(z + 3)| = 2
|(a + ib – 3)/(a + ib + 3)| = 2
|(a – 3) + ib|= 2|(a + 3) + ib|
√[(a – 3)2 + b2] = 2√[(a + 3)2 + b2]
Squaring on both sides, we get;
(a – 3)2 + b2 = 4[(a + 3)2 + b2]
a2 – 6a + 9 + b2 = 4(a2 + 6a + 9 + b2)
4a2 + 24a + 36 + 4b2 – a2 + 6a – 9 – b2 = 0
3a2 + 30a + 27 + 3b2 = 0
a2 + 10a + 9 + b2 = 0
(a2 + 10a + 25) + (b2 + 9 – 25) = 0
(a + 5)2 + b2 = 16
(a + 5)2 + b2 = 42
10. If |z + 1| = z + 2 (1 + i), then find z.
Solution:
Let z = x + iy be the complex number.
Given,
|z + 1| = z + 2 (1 + i)
⇒ |x + iy + 1| = x + iy + 2 (1 + i)
We know,
|z| = √(x2 + y2)
√[(x + 1)2 + y2] = (x + 2) + i(y + 1)
Comparing real and imaginary parts,
⇒ √((x + 1)2 + y2) = x + 2
And 0 = y + 2
⇒ y = -2
Substituting the value of y in √((x + 1)2 + y2) = x + 2, we get;
(x + 1)2 + (-2)2 = (x + 2)2
x2 + 2x + 1 + 4 = x2 + 4x + 4
⇒ 2x = 1
⇒x=½
Therefore, z = x + iy = ½ – 2i.
Practice Questions on Complex Numbers
1. Find the conjugate of complex number (1 – i)/(1 + i).

2. The complex number z = a + ib, where a and b are real numbers, satisfies the equation z + 16
2
– 30i = 0.
3. Calculate the modulus value of the complex number −2√3 – 2i.
4. Simplify: (1 + 6i) + (6 − 2i) − (−7 + 5i)
5. If [(1 – i)/(1 + i)] = a + ib, then find the values of a and b
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Complex Numbers Problems with

Solutions and Answers - Grade 12
Complex numbers are important in applied mathematics. Problems and
questions on complex numbers with detailed solutions are presented.
Questions
1. Evaluate the following expressions
a) (3 + 2i) - (8 - 5i)
b) (4 - 2i)*(1 - 5i)
c) (- 2 - 4i) / i
d) (- 3 + 2i) / (3 - 6i)
2. If (x + yi) / i = ( 7 + 9i ) , where x and y are real, what is the value of (x +
yi)(x - yi)?
3. Determine all complex number z that satisfy the equation
z + 3 z' = 5 - 6i
where z' is the complex conjugate of z.
4. Find all complex numbers of the form z = a + bi , where a and b are real
numbers such that z z' = 25 and a + b = 7
5. The complex number 2 + 4i is one of the root to the quadratic equation
x2 + bx + c = 0, where b and c are real numbers.
a) Find b and c
b) Write down the second root and check it.
6. Find all complex numbers z such that z2 = -1 + 2 sqrt(6) i.
7. Find all complex numbers z such that (4 + 2i)z + (8 - 2i)z' = -2 + 10i,
8. Given that the complex number z = -2 + 7i is a root to the equation:
z3 + 6 z2 + 61 z + 106 = 0
find the real root to the equation.
9. a) Show that the complex number 2i is a root of the equation
z4 + z3 + 2 z2 + 4 z - 8 = 0
b) Find all the roots root of this equation.
10. P(z) = z4 + a z3 + b z2 + c z + d is a polynomial where a, b, c and d
are real numbers. Find a, b, c and d if two zeros of polynomial P are the
following complex numbers: 2 - i and 1 - i.
Solutions to the Above Questions
1. a) -5 + 7i
b) -6 - 22i
c) -4 + 2i
d) -7/15 - 4i/15
2. (x + yi) / i = ( 7 + 9i )
(x + yi) = i(7 + 9i) = -9 + 7i
(x + yi)(x - yi) = (-9 + 7i)(-9 - 7i) = 81 + 49 = 130
3. Let z = a + bi , z' = a - bi ; a and b real numbers.
Substituting z and z' in the given equation obtain
a + bi + 3*(a - bi) = 5 - 6i
a + 3a + (b - 3b) i = 5 - 6i
4a = 5 and -2b = -6
a = 5/4 and b = 3
z = 5/4 + 3i
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4. z z' = (a + bi)(a - bi)
= a2 + b2 = 25
a + b = 7 gives b = 7 - a
Substitute above in the equation a2 + b2 = 25
a2 + (7 - a)2 = 25
Solve the above quadratic function for a and use b = 7 - a to find b.
a = 4 and b = 3 or a = 3 and b = 4
z = 4 + 3i and z = 3 + 4i have the property z z' = 25.
5. a) Substitute solution in equation: (2 + 4i)2 + b(2 + 4i) + c = 0
Expand terms in equation and rewrite as: (-12 + 2b + c) + (16 + 4b)i = 0
Real part and imaginary part equal zero.
-12 + 2b + c = 0 and 16 + 4b = 0
Solve for b: b = -4 , substitute and solve for c: c = 20
b) Since the given equation has real numbers, the second root is the
complex conjugate of the given root: 2 - 4i is the second solution.
Check: (2 - 4i)2 - 4 (2 - 4i) + 20
(Expand) = 4 - 16 - 16i - 8 + 16i + 20
= (4 - 16 - 8 + 20) + (-16 + 16)i = 0
6. Let z = a + bi
Substitute into given equation: (a + bi)2 = -1 + 2 sqrt(6) i
Expand: a2 - b2 + 2 ab i = - 1 + 2 sqrt(6) i
Real part and imaginary parts must be equal.
a2 - b2 = - 1 and 2 ab = 2 sqrt(6)
Equation 2 ab = 2 sqrt(6) gives: b = sqrt(6) / a
Substitute: a2 - ( sqrt(6) / a )2) = - 1
a4 - 6 = - a 2
Solve above equation and select only real roots: a = sqrt(2) and a = -
sqrt(2)
Substitute to find b and write the two complex numbers that satisfies the
given equation.
z1 = sqrt(2) + sqrt(3) i , z2 = - sqrt(2) - sqrt(3) i
7. Let z = a + bi where a and b are real numbers. The complex conjugate
z' is written in terms of a and b as follows: z'= a - bi. Substitute z and z'
in the given equation
(4 + 2i)(a + bi) + (8 - 2i)(a - bi) = -2 + 10i
Expand and separate real and imaginary parts.
(4a - 2b + 8a - 2b) + (4b + 2a - 8b - 2a )i = -2 + 10i
Two complex numbers are equal if their real parts and imaginary parts
are equal. Group like terms.
12a - 4b = -2 and - 4b = 10
Solve the system of the unknown a and b to find:
b = -5/2 and a = -1
z = -1 - (5/2)i
8. Since z = -2 + 7i is a root to the equation and all the coefficients in the
terms of the equation are real numbers, then z' the complex conjugate
of z is also a solution. Hence
z3 + 6 z2 + 61 z + 106 = (z - (-2 + 7i))(z - (-2 - 7i)) q(z)
= (z2 + 4z + 53) q(z)
q(z) = [ z3 + 6 z2 + 61 z + 106 ] / [ z2 + 4z + 53 ] = z + 2
Z + 2 is a factor of z3 + 6 z2 + 61 z + 106 and therefore z = -2 is the real
root of the given equation.
9. a) (2i)4 + (2i)3 + 2 (2i)2 + 4 (2i) - 8
= 16 - 8i - 8 + 8i - 8 = 0
b) 2i is a root -2i is also a root (complex conjugate because all
coefficients are real).
z4 + z3 + 2 z2 + 4 z - 8 = (z - 2i)(z + 2i) q(z)
= (z2 + 4)q(z)
q(z) = z2 + z - 2
The other two roots of the equation are the roots of q(z): z = 1 and z = -
2.
10. Since all coefficients of polynomial P are real, the complex
conjugate to the given zeros are also zeros of P. Hence
P(z) = (z - (2 - i))(z - (2 + i))(z - (1 - i))(z - (1 + i)) =
= z4 - 6 z3 + 15 z2 - 18 z + 10
Hence: a = -6, b = 15, c = -18 and d = 10.
More References and links
Complex numbers
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Answers
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Exam Questions – Complex Numbers
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Complex Numbers Revision Questions

Uploaded by

Complex Numbers Revision Questions

Uploaded by

COMPLEX NUMBERS REVISION QUESTIONS

Attempt ALL Questions.

3a) Find the locus of z which moves such that z + 2 = λi ( z + 8 ) where

b) If the complex number w = x + iy satisfies the expression

otherwise solve z 2 + 2z + 1 − i = 0 , where z = a + bi .

4a) Given that z (5 + 5 i ) = a (1 + 3 i) + b ( 2 − i ) wherea and b are real

7a) Find the four roots of:

i) (−16 ) ii) 8 (−1 + i √ 3 )

c) Find the value of:i) ii) (√ 3 + i )

Complex Numbers Questions

What are complex numbers?

If z1 = a + ib and z2 = c + id are two complex numbers such that;

 (a + ib) + (c + id) = (a + c) + i(b + d)

Learn more about complex numbers here.

Complex Numbers Questions and Answers

= 2(2) – 2(3i) – (3i)(2) + (3i)(3i)

= 4 – 6i – 6i + 9i2 {since i2 = -1}

z = (2 – i)2 + [(7 – 4i)/(2 + i)] – 8

= (2)2 – 2(2)(i) + (i2) + [(7 – 4i)(2 – i)/ (2 + i)(2 – i)] – 8

= (4 – 4i – 1) + [(14 – 7i – 8i + 4i2)/ (4 – i2)] – 8

= (3 – 4i) + [(14 – 15i – 4)/(4 + 1)] – 8 {since i2 = -1}

= (3 – 4i) + [(10 – 15i)/5] – 8

This is of the form x + iy such that x = -3 and y = -7.

This can be written as:

Modulus and Conjugate of a Complex number

If z = x + iy is a complex number then, mod of z is given by |z| = √(x2 + y2).

If z = x + iy then the conjugate of z is z̄ = a – ib.

= (2 + 8i)(1 + i)/ (1 – i)(1 + i)

= (2 + 10i – 8)/ (1 + 1) {since i2 = -1}

Now, |z1/z2| = √[(-3)2 + (5)2]

5. If |z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1, then show that z lies on an imaginary axis.

Let z = x + iy be the complex number.

Now, z2 = z.z = (x + iy)(x + iy)

= x2 + ixy + ixy + (iy)2

= x2 + 2ixy – y2 {since i2 = -1}

Thus, |z2 – 1| = √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + (2xy)2]

= √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2]

|z|2 + 1 = [√(x2 + y2)]2 + 1

So, √[(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2] = x2 + y2 + 1

Squaring on both sides, we get;

(x2 – y2 – 1)2 + 4x2y2 = (x2 + y2 + 1)2

[x2 – (y2 + 1)]2 + 4x2y2 = [x2 + (y2 + 1)]2

[x2 – (y2 + 1)]2 – [x2 + (y2 + 1)]2 + 4x2y2 = 0

-4x2y2 – 4x2 + 4x2y2 = 0

Therefore, z lies on the y-axis.

6. Find the conjugate of z1 – z2 if z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 5 + 2i.

As we know the conjugate of z = x + iy = x – iy.

We can write 59 as: 59 = 4 × 14 + 3

So, i59 = i(4 × 14) + 3

Therefore, i59 = -i.

(x – iy)(3 + 5i) = 3x + 5ix – 3iy – 5yi2

= 3x + i(5x – 3y) + 5y {since i2 = -1}

= (3x + 5y) + i(5x – 3y)

Given that (x – iy)(3 + 5i) is the conjugate of -6 – 24i.

Here, the conjugate of -6 – 24i = -6 + 24i.

Solving these two equations, we get; x = 3 and y = -3.

9. Find the relation between a and b if z = a + ib if |(z – 3)/(z + 3)| = 2.

|(z – 3)/(z + 3)| = 2

|(a + ib – 3)/(a + ib + 3)| = 2

|(a – 3) + ib|= 2|(a + 3) + ib|

√[(a – 3)2 + b2] = 2√[(a + 3)2 + b2]

Squaring on both sides, we get;

(a – 3)2 + b2 = 4[(a + 3)2 + b2]

4a2 + 24a + 36 + 4b2 – a2 + 6a – 9 – b2 = 0

3a2 + 30a + 27 + 3b2 = 0

(a2 + 10a + 25) + (b2 + 9 – 25) = 0

10. If |z + 1| = z + 2 (1 + i), then find z.

Let z = x + iy be the complex number.

|z| = √(x2 + y2)

√[(x + 1)2 + y2] = (x + 2) + i(y + 1)

Comparing real and imaginary parts,

⇒ √((x + 1)2 + y2) = x + 2

Substituting the value of y in √((x + 1)2 + y2) = x + 2, we get;

(x + 1)2 + (-2)2 = (x + 2)2

Practice Questions on Complex Numbers

1. Find the conjugate of complex number (1 – i)/(1 + i).