Hardware and Software2
Hardware and Software2
Hardware and Software2
HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE
INTRODUCTION
Internal Hardware
• Internal hardware is also called components. It includes
• CPU
• Motherboard
• RAM
• ROM
TYPE OF HARDWARE
INTERNAL HARDWARE
Input Hardware
• Input hardware consists of external devices by which we
give information and instruction to the computer. Common
input hardware are:
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Scanner
TYPE OF HARDWARE
INPUT HARDWARE
• The set of typewriter- • A device that controls • A device that can read
text or illustrations
like keys that enables the movement of the
printed on paper and
you to enter data into cursor or pointer on a translate the
a computer display screen information into a form
the computer can use.
TYPE OF HARDWARE
Output Hardware
• Output hardware consists of internal and external devices
that transfer information from the computer’s CPU to the
computer user. Common output hardware are:
• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker
TYPE OF HARDWARE
OUTPUT HARDWARE
8. SHIFT: Makes
capital letters and
symbols shown at
tops of number keys.
9. CTRL (Control):
With other key(s),
executes commands.
Commands may
vary with software.
10. ALT (Alternate): 12. ENTER (return): 13. DELETE:
With other key(s), Moves insertion point to Removes text to the
11. Space Bar: right of insertion
executes commands. margin and down to
Inserts a space in point.
Commands may vary next line. Also used to
text.
with software. execute commands.
KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT
KEYBOARD ARRANGEMENT
14. NUM LOCK:
16. BACKSPACE: 15. INSERT:
Activates/deactivates
Deletes text to the left of Activates insert or
numeric keypad.
insertion point type over.
THE PROPER TYPING
POSTURE GUIDE FROM
ERGONOMISTS
THE PROPER TYPING POSTURE GUIDE
FROM ERGONOMISTS
• There are many health hazards from typing that people are not aware of. One of the
biggest problems is repetitive typing, particularly with posture and proper typing hand
position, resulting in strain injury when a prolonged performance of repetitive
maneuvers and actions leads to impairment or pain in muscles and tendons.
• That is where proper wrist position for typing comes in, because it helps prevent those
injuries. Especially within the past two years, with more and more individuals working
from their computers, it’s imperative that people take the correct steps to fix their
typing posture. Also, you may check out how to correctly set up an ergonomic home
office, so you can make sure your space is suitable for you.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF STRAINING?
• Typing ergonomics aims for the correct setup of the desk equipment and
the posture of the individual. It also looks at the proper way to type. Overall,
the goal is to reduce strain, pain, and tension from the individual’s joints.
HOW TO PRACTICE ERGONOMICS
TYPING AND PROPER TYPING
POSTURE
Wrist Placement
• When typing, wrists should be kept
neutral rather than bent up or down.
• Place the keyboard below elbow
level
• Your keyboard should be flat on the
desk or slightly slanted away from
you.
• Have a look at your elbows and
make sure they’re at an open angle
at 90-110 degrees.
HOW TO PRACTICE ERGONOMICS
TYPING AND PROPER TYPING
POSTURE
Posture
• Your feet should be placed flat on
the floor.
• Your back needs to be straight while
sitting at your desk, and it should be
ultimately touching the back of your
chair.
• Do not lean forward because this
can cause back and neck injury.
HOW TO PRACTICE ERGONOMICS
TYPING AND PROPER TYPING
POSTURE
Monitor Placement
• Make sure that your eyes are level
with the top of the computer screen
to get proper typing posture.
Mouse Placement
• Ensure that wherever the mouse is,
your arms are at or below 90-
degrees. Your hand should not be
strained or feel uncomfortable
while using your mouse.
• The keyboard and mouse should be as close
QUICK TIPS FOR together as possible to get proper typing
WORKSTATION ERGONOMICS posture. The alphanumeric part should be
found in the desk's center when looking at the
• Pick an adjustable chair. Having an adjustable keyboard. Hands should be level with the
chair gives you the freedom to make sure it is elbows or slightly lower, while hands and
perfect for your sitting position. Also, make sure forearms form a straight line. Try not to bend
that it supports the lower back region; otherwise, your wrists sharply downwards or upwards
there may be back pain.
while typing.
• Think about the height of your keyboard. Placing
• Take Regular Breaks
the keyboard on the top of a desk can make it
too high to execute the proper typing position. • The most important tip to remember is to take
Instead, look at purchasing one with an regular breaks. It is recommended that
adjustable keyboard tray. individuals take a five-minute break every 30-
• Having the monitor placed in the correct minutes. Take that time to stand up and stretch,
position is vital because it can reduce neck so you are not just sitting in front of the desk all
strain. When looking straight at the monitor day. Having regular breaks is excellent for your
screen, ensure that your eyes are level with the posture and your mental health. Sometimes
top of the screen. having those five minutes away can clear the
mind.