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    CH 15

    Uploaded by

    Youssef Essam abdelwahab

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    CH 15

    Uploaded by

    Youssef Essam abdelwahab
    7 views13 pages

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    7 views13 pages

    CH 15

    Uploaded by

    Youssef Essam abdelwahab

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 13

    Chapter 15 : Oscillatory

    Motion
    15.1 Motion of an Object Attached to a Spring

    (a) When the block is displaced to the right


    of equilibrium (x > 0), the force exerted
    by the spring acts to the left.
    (b) When the block is at its equilibrium
    position (x = 0), the force exerted by the
    spring is zero.
    (c) When the block is displaced to the left
    of equilibrium (x < 0), the force exerted
    by the spring acts to the right.
    Hooke’s law

    Applying Newton’s second law

    simple
    harmonic
    motion

    The acceleration is proportional to the position of the block, and its direction is
    opposite the direction of the displacement from equilibrium.
    simple harmonic motion

    An object moves with simple harmonic motion whenever its


    acceleration is proportional to its position and is oppositely
    directed to the displacement from equilibrium.
    15.2 Mathematical Representation of Simple
    Harmonic Motion

    The angular frequency

    The constant angle Φ is called the phase constant


    An experimental apparatus for demonstrating simple harmonic motion.
    A pen attached to the oscillating object traces out a sinusoidal pattern
    on the moving chart paper.
    The period T of the motion is the time interval required for the particle to
    go through one full cycle of its motion

    The inverse of the period is called the frequency f of the motion. Whereas the
    period is the time interval per oscillation, the frequency represents the number of
    oscillations that the particle undergoes per unit time interval:

    The units of f are cycles per second, or hertz (Hz).


    Example 15.1 An Oscillating Object

    An object oscillates with simple harmonic motion along the x axis. Its
    position varies with time according to the equation

    where t is in seconds and the angles in the parentheses are in radians.

    (A) Determine the amplitude, frequency, and period of the motion.

    (B) Calculate the velocity and acceleration of the object at any time t.
    Example 15.1 An Oscillating Object

    (C) Using the results of part (B), determine the position, velocity, and
    acceleration of the object at t = 1 s.

    (D) Determine the maximum speed and maximum acceleration of the object.

    (E) Find the displacement of the object between t = 0 and t = 1.00 s.


    Example 15.2 A vehicle

    A car with a mass of 1 300 kg is constructed so that its frame is supported by


    four springs. Each spring has a force constant of 20 000 N/m. If two people
    riding in the car have a combined mass of 160 kg, find the frequency of
    vibration of the car after it is driven over a pothole in the road.

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