Application of Dominating Set On Wireless Network Sensor

Application of Dominating Set on Wireless Network Sensor
Aditya Kumar, Mohit Kumar, Maqbool Patel and Srabani Mukhopadhyaya
Abstract
In the realm of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the preservation of energy stands as a critical
concern due to the finite energy reservoirs of individual sensor nodes. The incessant transmission
of data rapidly depletes a node's energy, leading to its inactivity and significantly curtailing the
network's operational lifespan. This study delves into the pivotal role of Connected Dominating
Set (CDS) in mitigating energy consumption within WSNs, thereby bolstering the network's
overall longevity. The research not only comprehensively explores the concept of Dominating
Set, particularly in the context of energy-aware CDS, efficient routing, fault tolerance, and
network maintenance amidst node mobility, but also introduces a novel distributed algorithm.
This proposed algorithm, an enhancement over existing methods, constructs a Dominating Set
for the network. Comparative analyses reveal that this approach generates smaller Dominating
Sets compared to traditional algorithms, offering a promising avenue for efficient energy
management in WSNs and contributing significantly to the field's advancement.
1 Introduction
A wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises small, affordable devices called sensor nodes that
communicate to perform specific functions. These nodes collect data and transmit it to a
destination after processing. WSN applications can be broadly classified into monitoring and
tracking. Monitoring involves activities like power and environmental monitoring, whereas
tracking involves following objects, vehicles, animals, or humans. Sensor nodes in WSNs are
deployed across vast areas, and they have limited battery power. Transmitting data consumes
energy, and continuous transmission can quickly deplete a node's energy, rendering it inactive
and reducing the network's lifespan. Managing energy consumption is a critical challenge in
WSNs, leading to research efforts focusing on load distribution among sensor nodes.
Various techniques, such as clustering and the virtual backbone approach, are used to reduce
energy consumption and extend the network's lifespan. The concept of a virtual backbone,
inspired by wired networks, involves a set of sensor nodes responsible for network
communication. Non-backbone nodes can transmit data only to neighboring backbone nodes,
conserving energy when not transmitting. Connected Dominating Set (CDS) plays a vital role in
constructing such backbone networks. A Dominating Set is a collection of nodes in a graph
where every node is either part of the set or is adjacent to at least one set member. Constructing
minimal CDS in a graph is a complex problem, and researchers have proposed various
algorithms to find approximate solutions in polynomial time.
This study explores the significance of Dominating Sets in wireless sensor networks and
evaluates different algorithms for constructing Connected Dominating Sets. The research
identifies room for improvement in terms of Dominating Set size, leading to the proposal of a
modified algorithm aimed at creating smaller Dominating Sets.
2 Dominating Set
A Dominating Set in graph theory refers to a subset of nodes within a graph where every node in
the graph is either part of the dominating set or is adjacent to at least one node in the dominating
set. The concept of a Dominating Set is crucial in various applications, including wireless sensor
networks, social network analysis, and facility location problems.
Dominating Set is a strategic selection of nodes in a graph that allows for effective control or
observation of the entire graph. Nodes in the dominating set are chosen strategically to ensure
that every node in the graph is either directly monitored or controlled by a node in the
dominating set. The dominating set helps in understanding the connectivity and reachability
properties of the graph.
3 Role of CDS on Wireless Sensor Network

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), Dominating Sets play a crucial role in optimizing
communication and conserving energy. Here are some specific applications of Dominating Sets
in wireless sensor networks:
3.1. Energy-Efficient Data Transmission: WSNs often operate on limited battery power. By
forming a Dominating Set, where selected nodes efficiently cover the entire network, energy
consumption can be reduced. Non-dominating nodes can transmit their data to nodes in the
Dominating Set, allowing other nodes to conserve energy by remaining in a low-power sleep
mode when not needed for communication.
3.2.Network Connectivity and Coverage: Dominating Sets ensure network connectivity and
coverage. In large sensor networks, selecting a minimal Dominating Set helps maintain
connectivity, ensuring that every sensor node is either part of the Dominating Set or within
communication range of a node in the Dominating Set.
3.3.Routing Optimization: Dominating Sets are used in routing algorithms to optimize data
transmission paths. Messages can be efficiently routed through the nodes in the Dominating Set,
reducing the hop count and overall energy consumption in multi-hop communication scenarios.
3.4. Data Aggregation: In WSNs, data from multiple sensors often needs to be aggregated
before transmission to save bandwidth and energy. Dominating Sets can be used to organize
sensors into clusters, with a Dominating Set member in each cluster responsible for aggregating
and forwarding data, thus minimizing redundant transmissions.
3.5. Fault Tolerance and Network Resilience: Dominating Sets enhance fault tolerance by
ensuring alternative communication paths in case of node failures. If a node fails, neighboring
nodes can still communicate through the Dominating Set, maintaining network connectivity and
data transmission.
4 Objective
This research work is primarily dedicated to a comprehensive study of existing algorithms for
CDS construction within WSNs. It focuses on evaluating their performance concerning CDS size
in various network topologies. The core objective is to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of
these algorithms in energy optimization and network lifetime extension.

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Application of Dominating Set on Wireless Network Sensor

Aditya Kumar, Mohit Kumar, Maqbool Patel and Srabani Mukhopadhyaya

3 Role of CDS on Wireless Sensor Network

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