Colombo International School Kandy

Senior School
Name: ……………………....... Class: ………….

Term 3 Examination June 2023

Edexcel Total Grade

International GCSE (IGCSE) Marks

Chemistry
Grade 10 Paper Ref: 4CH1

Time: 2 hours
You must have:
Calculator, ruler
Instructions to Candidates
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the spaces at the top of this page with your name and class.
• Answer all questions.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided– there may be more space than you need.
• Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.

Information for Candidates

. • The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets– use this as a guide as to how much time to
spend on each question.
Advice to Candidates
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Keep an eye on the time
.• Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over

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 Answer all the questions.

Q1.

(a) The diagram shows the electronic configuration of an atom of an element.

(i) Name the part of the atom that contains the protons and neutrons.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(ii) Give the number of protons in this atom.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(iii) Give the number of the group that contains this element.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(iv) Give the number of the period that contains this element.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(v) Give the charge on the ion formed from this atom.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

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(b) The diagram represents an atom of an element.

Use numbers from the box to complete the table.

You may use each number once, more than once or not at all.

(4)

(i) In terms of sub-atomic particles, state a similarity and a difference for isotopes of the
same element.
(2)
similarity

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

difference

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 11 marks)

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Q2.

This question is about the three states of matter, solid, liquid and gas.

(a) The diagram shows how particles of a substance are arranged in two of these states.

(i) Complete the diagram to show how particles are arranged in the liquid state.
(1)
(ii) Identify the state of matter that contains particles with the least energy.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(b) The table shows two changes of state.

Complete the table by giving the name of each change of state.
(2)

(c) Explain why hot water evaporates more quickly than cold water.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 6 marks)

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Q3.

This question is about substances with covalent bonds.

(a) (i) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the outer shell electrons in a molecule of
nitrogen, N2
(2)

(ii) Describe the forces of attraction in a covalent bond.

(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(b) The diagram shows three different structures of carbon.

(i) Name structure A.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

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 (ii) Graphite and C60 fullerene contain covalent bonds, but have different structures.
Explain why C60 fullerene has a much lower melting point than graphite. Refer to
structure and bonding in your answer.
(4)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 9 marks)

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Q4.

This question is about the electrolysis of copper(II) sulfate solution.

(a) The diagram shows the apparatus used for the electrolysis.

A student records the total increase in mass of the negative electrode every minute for 8
minutes.
The table shows the results.

(i) Plot the student's results.

(1)
(ii) Draw a curve of best fit.
(1)

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 (iii) Explain the shape of the graph.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

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(b) The product at the positive electrode is oxygen gas.
(i) The student repeats the electrolysis using different apparatus.

Describe how the student should collect a sample of pure oxygen at the positive
electrode.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) Give an ionic half-equation for the formation of oxygen.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

(c) The wire used to connect the power supply to the electrodes is made of copper metal.
The diagram shows the arrangement of the ions in a metal.

(i) Metals that are malleable can also be stretched to form long, thin wires.
Suggest why metals can be stretched to form wires.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
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 (ii) Explain why metals conduct electricity.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 12 marks)

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Q5.

This question is about sodium oxide, Na2O

(a) The diagram shows the electronic configuration of atoms of sodium and oxygen.

Describe the changes in the electronic configuration of the atoms of sodium and oxygen
to form the ions in sodium oxide.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(b) Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of sodium oxide, Na2O, using information from
the Periodic Table.
(1)

Mr = ...........................................................

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(c) Explain why solid sodium oxide does not conduct electricity.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 6 marks)

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Q6.

The diagram shows the positions of some elements in part of the Periodic Table.

(a)(i) Give the symbol of a metal from the diagram.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) Give the symbol of an element from the diagram that forms an acidic oxide.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(b) Give a similarity in the electron configurations of Al and In.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(c) Explain which element in the diagram is unreactive.

(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(d) A teacher adds a small piece of sodium to a glass trough containing water and universal
indicator.
The universal indicator changes colour.
The equation for the reaction is ;
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
(i) Explain the final colour of the universal indicator.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
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 (ii) The teacher repeats the experiment with potassium instead of sodium.
Give one similarity and one difference observed with potassium.
(2)
similarity

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

difference

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(iii) The reaction with sodium produces 0.036g of hydrogen gas.
One mole of hydrogen gas contains 6.0 × 1023 molecules.
Calculate the number of molecules of hydrogen gas produced in the reaction with
sodium.
Give your answer to two significant figures.
(3)

number of molecules of hydrogen gas = ...........................................................

(Total for question = 12 marks)

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Q7.
This question is about elements, mixtures and compounds.
(a) Which of these is the formula of a molecule of an element?
(1)
A O
B Cl2
C HCl
D H2O

(b) Which method can be used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?
(1)
A crystallisation
B evaporation
C filtration
D simple distillation

(c) Give the name of a method used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling
points.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

(d) A student adds a crystal of substance X to some water in a beaker and leaves the
beaker for one day.
The diagram shows the beaker immediately after adding the crystal, and after one day.

(i) Which equation gives the correct state symbols for a process that occurs in the
beaker?
(1)
A X(s) → X(l)
B X(s) → X(g)
C X(aq) → X(s)
D X(s) → X(aq)

(ii) Which other process occurs in the beaker?

(1)
A boiling
B condensing
C diffusion
D sublimation

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(e) The diagram shows apparatus used to obtain pure water from sodium chloride solution
by simple distillation.

(i) Explain why it is necessary for water to flow continuously in and out of the apparatus.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 7 marks)

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Q8.

A teacher uses this apparatus to find the percentage of oxygen in a gaseous mixture of
oxygen and argon.

This is the teacher's method.

Step 1 heat the copper powder

Step 2 push the plunger on syringe A to pass the mixture of oxygen and argon over the hot
copper so that the mixture moves into syringe B

Step 3 push the plunger on syringe B to pass the mixture of oxygen and argon over the hot
copper so that the mixture moves into syringe A

Step 4 record the reading on syringe A

Step 5 repeat Steps 2, 3 and 4 a number of times

The volume of gas decreases as the oxygen reacts with the copper.

Argon is unreactive so does not react with the copper.

The copper powder turns black.

(a) (i) Give a reason why the copper powder is heated.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) State why argon is unreactive.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(iii) Give the name of the black powder that forms when the oxygen reacts with the
copper.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

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 (b) The table shows the teacher's results.

(i) State how the results show that all the oxygen has reacted.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) The volume of gas in the glass tube and connecting tubes is 175 cm3.
Use this value and the results table to calculate the percentage of oxygen in the mixture
of oxygen and argon.
(3)

percentage of oxygen = ........................................................... %

(iii) Suggest one reason why the calculated percentage of oxygen in the mixture may not
be accurate.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 8 marks)

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Q9.

This question is about Group 7, the halogens.

(a) Which halogen has the palest colour?

(1)
A astatine
B bromine
C fluorine
D iodine

(b) Which halogen is a solid at room temperature?

(1)
A astatine
B bromine
C chlorine
D fluorine

(c) The table shows the electronic configurations of a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom.

Explain the relative reactivities of fluorine and chlorine using the information in the table.
(4)
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

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(d) The table shows the boiling points of three group 7 elements.

Element Boiling point in oC

Fluorine -188

Chlorine -34

Bromine 59

Explain the trend in the boiling points. (3)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(Total for question = 9 marks)

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Q10.

This question is about ionic compounds.

(a) The table gives the formulae of some positive and negative ions, and the formulae of
some compounds containing these ions.

(i) Complete the table by giving the missing formulae.

(3)
(ii) Give the name of the compound with the formula MgO
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(iii) Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of Na3N
[for Na, Ar = 23 for N, Ar = 14]
(1)

Mr = ...........................................................

(b) The diagram shows the arrangement of electrons in atoms of lithium and in an atom of
oxygen.

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 (i) Describe the changes in the electron configurations of lithium and oxygen when these
atoms form lithium oxide, Li2O
(2)
…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................
(ii) Lithium oxide has a giant ionic structure.
Explain why lithium oxide has a high melting point.
(3)
…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

(Total for question = 10 marks)

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Q11.

(a) Halon 1301 is a compound used in some fire extinguishers.

Halon 1301 has the percentage composition by mass of

(i) Show, by calculation, that the empirical formula of this compound is CBrF3
(2)

(ii) The diagram shows the displayed formula of a molecule of Halon 1301.

Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show all the outer electrons in this molecule.
(2)

(iii) The boiling point of Halon 1301 is −58 °C.

Explain why Halon 1301 has a low boiling point.
(2)
…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

…..........................................................................................................................................

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 (b) A sample of magnesium contains these percentages of the three isotopes.
Mg-24 = 79.00% Mg-25 = 10.00 % Mg-26 = 11.00 %
(i) Use this information to show that the relative atomic mass of magnesium is 24.32
(2)

(ii) The equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen is

2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
Determine the maximum amount, in moles, of magnesium oxide that can be produced
from 0.50 mol of magnesium and 0.20 mol of oxygen.
(2)

amount = …........................................................ mol

(Total for question = 10 marks)

(Total for paper = 100 marks )

End of the paper.

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