A STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

REPORT CARRIED OUT

AT

FEDERAL HOUSING AUTHORITY

WRITTEN BY

OGUEJIOFOR, CHIOMA CYNTHIA

(ESM/2016/099)

SUBMITTED TO

DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING AND GEOINFORMATICS

FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND MANAGEMENT

OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE IFE.OSUN STATE

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF

SCIENCE IN SURVEYING AND GEOINFORMATICS

DECEMBER, 2021.
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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to register my profound gratitude to God almighty for the guidance and grace throughout
my life.

I am also grateful to the entire staffs of Federal Housing Authority, festac town, lagos state for
making my industrial training interesting, educative and worthwhile.

My special gratitude goes to my HOD, Surv. Lawal Umar for giving me the opportunity to learn
and also giving me the chance to be exposed and interactive in the field and to all my wonderful
supervisors, Surv. Nkechi Onyiagu and Surv. Busola Olasumbo, I pray the almighty God bless
you all richly.

My regard to my gracious parents, Mr and Mrs Oguejiofor, who financially supported my

academic pursuit, may the good lord keep you and bless you all.

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 DEDICATION

This report is dedicated to Almighty God for giving to the strength to push through the
challenges during this period and also to my parents for the support and unconditional love.

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ABSTRACT

The students Industrial Work Experience Scheme established by the federal government of
Nigeria was aimed at exposing students of higher institutions to acquire industrial skills and
practical experience in the approved course of study.

The industrial training scheme is based on my experiences gained during my six months
industrial training at Federal Housing Authority located at festival town, lagos state.

This reports contains the project being carried out on site such as re-establishment of beacons,
establishment of boundary, topographical survey, route survey, perimeter survey, As-built
survey. This projects during my six months period of attachment exposed me to real life
problems on site and different means of executing survey plans and operation. It also describes
the activities and the problems encountered.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Acknowledgement ii

Table of contents iii

Abstract iv

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 About Siwes

1.2 Aims and Objective about SIWES
1.3 Industrial Training Fund(ITF)
1.4 History and Background of the Organization
1.5 Company Objectives, Value and Scope of Service
1.6 Departments of the company
1.7 Organizational structure of the company

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Working Principle of a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS)

2.3 Setting up of the Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS)

2.4 Base Configuration

2.5 Rover configuration

2.6 Care of the Instrument

2.7 Factors to consider when using receiver

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Topographical survey

3.2 Nature of the task

3.3 Aim and Objectives

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3.4 Methodology

3.5 Data Processing

3.6 Results

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0.1 Introduction

4.1Re-establishment of missing beacons

4.2 Instrument used

4.3 Personnel

4.4 Nature of task

4.5 Aims and Objectives

4.6 Reconnaissance

4.7 Method of survey

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Route Survey

5.2 Nature of the task

5.3 Aim and objective of the project

5.4 Reconnaissance

CHAPTER SIX

6.01Perimeter Survey

CHAPTER SEVEN

7.1 Summary

7.2 Challenges Encountered

7.3 Recommendation

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7.4 Conclusion

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 CHAPTER ONE

1.1 SIWES
SIWES is an acronym of the word Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme. It was
established by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in the year 1973.Industrial Training
Fund (ITF) is a Federal Government established through the enactment of Decree 47 of
1971 by the then Military Head of State, Rtd. General Yakubu Gowon. The philosophy
behind this establishment was to promote and encourage the acquisition of skills in
commerce and industry with the view of generating a pool of indigenous skilled
manpower required in commercial and industrial sectors of the national economy. This
was as a result of inadequate practical skilled labour preparatory for employment in
industries and establishment by Nigerian graduates of tertiary institutions

1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES

I. Giving opportunities to the students to apply their theoretical knowledge in real work
situation thereby bridging the gap between theories and actual practice.
II. During the training, the students should be allowed to practice using the equipment
they have already learnt about in the theory basis.
III. The training programme aimed at meeting the identified training deficiency should be
designed and implemented.
IV. Students should be made to appreciate their professions as they experience the
practical aspect of the profession.
V. A rational avenue for students in Nigeria tertiary institutions to acquire industrial
skills and experiences should be made available.
VI. Make the transition from the universities to the world of work easier and thus enhance
student’s contacts for latter job opportunities.
VII. Enlist and strengthen employer’s involvement in the entire education practices
preparing university graduates for employment.
1.3 Industrial Training Fund
Expose students to the work method, techniques in handling equipment and machinery that
may not be readily available in the institutions.The Federal Government supports the
scheme (SIWES) through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF). This body was established to
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 supervise the running of the SIWES in every institution of learning and also to train and
equip its labor force for efficiency and manpower development in the country. The
Industrial Training Fund (ITF) pays allowance to aid beneficiaries offset their
expensesduring the scheme.

1.4 History and Background of Organization

The Federal Housing Authority (FHA) The Federal Housing Authority was established
vide a legal instrument known as decree No. 40 of 1973 revised as CAP 136 Laws of the
Federation 1990 and now CAP F14 Laws of the Federation 2004, having the headquarters
initially in Lagos. The headquarters was however moved to the current Federal Capital Territory
Abuja under the political dispensation of the erstwhile president, Gen. Ibrahim Badamosi
Babangida however, Lagos office became the zonal office South West till date.

The function of the authority is as follows;

 The preparation and submission from time to time, to government of proposals for
National housing programme
 The making of recommendations to the government on such aspects of urban and
regional planning, transportation, communication, electric power, sewage and water
supply development as may be relevant to the successful execution of housing program
approved by the government and
 The execution of such housing programme as maybe approved by the government for the
Authority to carry out its functions/mandate effectively, the Act granted:
 Acquire, hold and manage movable and immovable property
 Acquire, construct and maintain dwelling houses, schools, communal and commercial
buildings and other structures
 Enter into contracts for the construction, maintenance, management or repair of any
property
 Purchase or otherwise acquire any assets, business or other property
 Sell, let, lease or otherwise dispose of any property vested in the authority

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1.5 Company’s Objectives, scope and Core Value

1. Acquire, hold and manage movable and immovable property,

2. Acquire, construct and maintain dwelling houses, schools, communal and
commercial buildings and other structures,
3. Enter into contracts for the construction, maintenance, management or repairs
of any property {e.g. PPP},
4. Purchase or otherwise acquire any assets, business or other property where
such purchase or acquisition is necessary for the proper discharge of its
functions under this act,
5. Sell, let, lease or otherwise dispose of any property vested in the Authority.
1.5.1 Scope of the Organization

Federal Housing Authority {FHA} Lagos Zone is composed of seven (7)

units/departments as shown below:

 Administrative unit
 Town planning unit
 Estate services department
 Project/Architecture department
 Engineering department
 Legal department and
 Finance department

Core Values

 Professionalism,
 Integrity,
 Innovation,
 Team Spirit,
 Enjoyment, and
 Commitment
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 THE ORGANOGRAM OF FEDERAL HOUSING AUTHORITY (FHA – WHICH TOOK
EFFECT FROM 22ND MAY, 2013)

Technical Board

Managing Director / CEO

Procurement Unit PPP Unit Audit Unit Legal / Secretariat

Unit

ED ED

(Business Development) (Housing Finance, Account

& Corporate Services

GM GM GM GM

(Commercial Housing) (Social & Co-operative (Finance & Accounts) (Corporate Services)
Housing)

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 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 INTRODUCTION

Many of the definition of surveying can be defined as the art, science and technology of
determining the accurate measurement of the earth surface, elevations, distances and angles.
Surveying being the bedrock of all meaningful development can be defined as the technique,
profession, art and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions and the
distances and angles between them according to www.smweng.com.

Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human environment for so
many centuries. It is an imperative requirement in the planning and execution of nearly every
form of construction according to Britannica.com/technology/surveying. Its principal modern ues
are in the fields of transportation, building, apportionment of land.

The American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) according to

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveying was said to have defined surveying as “the science an
art of making all essential measurements to determine the relative position of points or physical
and cultural details above, on, or beneath the surface of the earth, and to depict them in usable
form, or to establish the position of points or details.”

There are various aspect of survey and they include:

1. Topographical survey: A Topographical survey includes the measurement of vertical

elevation of the surface being surveyed as well as the artificial structure on it
2. Cadastral Survey: A cadastral survey is done to determine the land parcel boundary and
ownership of the parcel e.g. re-establishment, Boundary stakeout.
3. Geodetic Survey: To determine the curvature of the earth surface
4. Hydrographic Survey: Involves taking measurements of water surfaces and preparation of
charts for waterways.
5. Mining Surveying: Mining survey involves the planning, construction and operation of
various types of mines
6. Engineering Survey: This survey involves construction and setting out works such as
buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels e.g. route survey, As-built survey
7. Aerial photograph

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 The following aspects of surveying was carried out during my six months IT attachment is as
follows in chapter three

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 LAYOUT SURVEY

Layout survey which is also known as “stake-out or setting out survey” is to stake out a marker.
According to researchgate.net/publication/surveying, layout survey is the process of surveying
where the positions and levels of buildings, roads, drainages and all engineering projects are
already marked on the plan and are transferred to the ground.
Setting-out survey involves the extraction of data from drawings and plans to then precisely
mark out features on the ground.
3.1.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The primary aim of the project is to set-out boundaries of each plot in accordance with the
designed layout. The objectives of the project include:
i. To set out each plot as provided in the designed layout
ii. Preparation of the survey layout plan.
iii. Preparation of individual survey plan.
3.1.2 PROJECT SIZE
The project size is located at 2nd Avenue, Amuwo Odofin Local Government Area, Festac Town,
Lagos state.
3.1.3 SIZE OF PROPERTY
The property I worked on covers a total landed area of 1.010Ha.

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3.1.4 ORDER OF THE JOB
The job id 3rd (third) order accuracy.

3.1.5 INSTRUMENT USED

i. GNSS Receiver
ii. Car Battery
iii. Bamboo, rods and sticks
iv. Red spray paint
v. Digger
vi. Boots
vii. Cutlasses
viii. 50m steel tape
ix. Hammer
x. Ranging poles

3.1.6 PERSONNEL

i. Surv. Lawal Umar - Team Leader

ii. Surv. Osualale - Supervisor
iii. Surv. Onyiagu Nkechi - Supervisor
iv. Oguejiofor Cynthia Chioma - I.T Student
v. Samuel Adaeze Grace - I.T Student
vi. TPL Chinagorom Jessica - Supervisor
vii. Precious - Chainmen
viii. Abubakar Sadiq - Chainmen
ix. Tobi - Chainmen
x. Arinze - Chainmen

3.1.7 SOFTWARE USED

i. Microsoft Office Excel

ii. AutoCAD 2007
iii. Note pad

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3.1.8 FIELD METHODOLOGY

During this Setting out operation, the instrument used was a TERSUS Global navigation satellite
system (GNSS) Receiver, an Oscar model. The instrument was set up on a control in the office
and the co-ordinates of plots to be worked on will have to be pre-uploaded from the system to the
controller and imported from a file created in the project interface to the point stakeout interface
of the NUWA application as shown in CHAPTER FOUR.

Boundary points will be staked out and line alignments will be made between two points for easy
boundary connection to avoid encroachment and boundary dispute and for correct or appropriate
cutting of line. Set-backs were given from the road to the plot and a 5m adjustment was made
from the canal to the plot inward. While making the layout survey, the measurement is taken in
the nearest 0.000 by bubbling the pole bubble.

Every points determined by the receiver are replaced with either a bamboo on a swampy nature
of the site or an iron rod on a loose soil with the head sprayed.

3.1.9 RECONNAISSANCE/PLANNING

The recce of the site was carried along to have a full understanding of the project site. This
enables me to prepare a diagram suitable for the project execution.

The project location of the setting out was cleared by chain men. Trees and bushes found on the
line of sight land would have to be cut down in other to have a clear view of the point and
alignment of points.

3.1.10 METHOD OF SURVEY

The method of survey applied in the accomplishment of the project includes; setting out and liner
measurement.

3.1.11 CONTROL CHECK

After locating the required control points in the office, a control check was done to check if they
were in in-situ. The instrument was set on FHA/CO2 and confirmed on FHA/CO1.

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3.2 ROUTE SURVEY

Engineeering survey is one of the branches of survey which from the general express for any
survey work carried out in connection with construction, engineering and building projects. In
other engineering, surveying has been recognized as been the bedrock of any meaningful
development.

Route survey been as an aspect of engineering survey can be defined as the survey operation that
is done for the establishment of the horizontal and vertical of transportation facilities. It involves
planning, design and setting out of any route such as railways, pipelines, canals. It can also be
defined as the study of dynamics of natural and socio-economic phenomena in a narrow strip.
Route survey is a survey of the earth surface along a particular in a compilation and updating of
topographical, geological, soil and maps.

3.2.1 NATURE OF TASK

The project to be carried out involves drainage re-channeling from first gate in festac town to
Alakija, with varying depth of 2m,3m and the drainage in their various position running from fist
gate down to Alakija. A proposal was submitted for re-channeling to theof drainage before the
development of 2nd avenue project.

The task began in July 2021which involves reconnaissance and planning of the drainages,
including setbacks from the plot behind the canal.

3.2.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

1. To create a standard route for the flow of water from natural and biological sources to
flow without obstructions.
2. To ensure steady flow of water from the drainage to the canal.
3. Stability of flow of water in the drainage.
3.2.3 DETAILING AND RECONNAISSANCE

The detailing of all drainages was taken in a clockwise direction and two points on each drainage
was taken. A Recce diagram of drainage site to have a full understanding of the project. This
enables the surveyors to have an idea on how the project is going.

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3.2.5 PLANNING

This was done at the office to have a brief meeting concerning the project. The number of
personnel was decided, how to go about the project and solutions to the challenges been faced. A
differential global positioning system was used to give us the detailing of the drainages.

3.2.6 PERSONNELS

 2 Surveyors
 1 town planner
 2 IT Student
 2 Engineers

3.4 PERIMETER SURVEY

A Perimeter Survey defines the perimeter boundaries of a particular parcel of real estate
property. In order to determine the exact acreage and geometry of the property and identify any
easements and encroachments that may be present within the land. This process will require the
installation of monuments to mark the boundary corners of the land for future references
(www.godfreyhoffman.com).

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Perimeter survey are carried out for the purpose of delineating the boundary of a parcel of land,
determining its area and preparation of survey. The survey plan shows ownership and describes
the land and one can also discover if there is any encroachment on the property.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objectives of this project are as follows:

i. To demarcate every corner of the boundary with standard beacons.
ii. To carry out close traverse along the demarcated boundary.
iii. To fix details if there is any.
iv. To produce perimeter survey plan.

3.4.1 RECONNAISSANCE

Reconnaissance survey is necessary to determine the field conditions and what is needed to
execute the survey alongside the most suitable methodology to adopt. Existing controls, property
beacons, other details are searched for around the site. Burying of monument for boundary
demarcation.

3.4.2 FIELD METHODOLOGY

This outlines the methodology and procedure adopted in executing this project.

The principle of working from whole to part, i.e. starting on a known point and closing on other

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set of known point or on the same set of known point was adopted.

The data acquisition comprises of those procedures embarked upon during the perimeter survey
exercise and these comprise of traversing and detailing.
Using the Tarsus Oscar (GNSS) all required data were captured via the following steps as shown
in Chapter Four.
The two set of controls (FHA/C01 & FHA/C02) was used for traversing after performing insitu
check and FHA/C02 was used as GPS base station to coordinate the boundary points.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A GNSS RECEIVER (DGPS)

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A differential global positioning system (DGPS) is an enhancement to the global positioning
system which provides improved location accuracy. It involves installing a reference base with
known coordinates.

The differential Global Positioning System(DGPS) introduced is “TERSUS OSCAR GNSS

Receiver” using Real Time Kinematic Mode which involves a fixed or static ground reference
station which is the “BASE” which works with an internal radio with the aid of an external radio
which covers much larger range with conjunction with a ROVER” which is roving around taking
measurements

The GNSS Receiver consist of so many components which includes the base, pole extension,
radio, rover, height instrument accessory, an antenna, batteries, charging wire, charger adaptor
etc.

Here some functions of some of the DGPS components

1. Rover Rod: These instrument can be used to extend the rover’s height
2. Pole Extension: Used to mount the base instrument in other to heighten the base and
avoid bending of the radio whip antenna.
3. Radio whip antenna: this equipment makes it possible to receive signals from satellite for
the internal radio.
4. External Radio: Helps in transmitting signal farther than internal radio. Using the external
radio a high gain radio antenna and a telescopic pole are needed.
5. Height measure accessory: Is used to determine the height of Oscar with higher accuracy.
6. Metal fixing Plate: Used to fix the high gain antenna on the tripod.
7. Bracket: To fix the controller on its ranging pole

The BASE station is always setup on a control station before the commencement of any survey
work, the instrument is set-up and the bubbles been centered and the base instrument is mounted
on a tribrach and an antenna is always fixed to the base to receive signal. The radio is hooked on
one of the legs of the tripod.

The ROVERcan be used for both static and dynamic work is also mounted on its own stand and
also carried on every operation and should also be on a fixed mode in other to an accurate result.
The BASE and ROVER is controlled with a controller with has an application called NUWA.

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The stationary receiver which is the key receives all signal from the satellite to the base and to
the rover.

2.2 SETTING UP OF A GNSS RECEIVER

1. Gather all the survey equipment and tools

2. Ensure there is a reference station, if not establish a temporary point of reference
3. Set-up the tripod
4. The tripod legs should be loosened and extend the height to your neck level or any level
comfortable with and center it over the reference point.
5. Level the tripod
6. Attach the tribrach to the tripod over the reference station.
7. Center the tribrach and place its cross-hair over the survey marker rod on the reference
point
8. Adjust or center the bubble using or by adjusting the height of the tripod using its legs so
that the bubble is close to the center and use the tribrach focusing screw for precise
bubble level.
9. Screw the antenna to the base
10. Attach the pole extension which is been screwed to the base together with d height
instrument accessory to the tribrach and ensure that the tribrach is well screwed to the
pole.
11. Ensure that the radio is connected to the transmitting cable and the instrument is ready to
be used.

2.3 BASE CONFIGURATION

1. Setting up Oscar after all the components above are ready, long press the power
button on the base.
2. Launch the Nuwa app on the controller, click on connect , under connect select tersus
Oscar for the device, select bluetooth for the connect type, click connect
configuration to search and click connect to enable communication between the
controller and the base.
3. Back to the main interface, click on Base, click details to configure the base.

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 4. Edit the base configuration for Oscar GNSS. The start up mode can be chosen from
auto-start and manual-start and if you click on maual the coordinate, height and pole
height will be typed. The data link has so many network but the basically used is
external radio.

2.4 ROVER CONFIGURATION

1. Setting up Oscar after all the components above are ready, long press the power
button on the rover.
2. Launch the Nuwa app on the controller, click on connect ,but the base must be
disconnected in other for the rover to be connected. Under device type select tersus
Oscar for the device, select bluetooth for the connect type, click connect
configuration
3. Back to the main interface, click on Rover, click details to configure the base

2.5CARE OF THE INSTRUMENT

1. Before removal of the GNSS Receiver know how it kept in their boxes.
2. The instrument should be lifted out of the box with both hands.
3. While setting up the instrument, the tribrach must be held with one hand while the while
the tripod screw is held with another hand.

2.6FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN USING THE GNSS RECEIVER

1. Place the GNSS radio antenna as high as possible to enable the radio to broadcast to the
maximum distance
2. Place the base GNSS receiver antenna in a location that has a clear line of sight to the sky
in all directions
3. Do not place the GNSS antenna near a vertical obstruction such as buildings or tree
canopy to ensure that the receiver will not have to deal with multi-path signal.
4. Do not set up the base station directly or close to an overhead power-line or electrical
generation facilities.

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Re-establishment of pillar carried out along badagry expressway

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Re-establishment of point done in a swampy are along 2nd avenue, festac town.

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 CHAPTER FIVE

PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, RECOMMENDATION, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIO

1.1 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

Lots of problems were encountered on site some beyond control and others could be naneuvered.
They are:

 Working under a very harsh weather conditions such as very hot days drains more energy
result to dehydration
 Abusive words and threats from encroachers and misunderstanding of words.
 Vehicle hinderances slowing down our work, take much time as required
 Most site around Festac are swampy so we find it hard to access them without rain boots
and also the risk and fear of wild animals while working on a swampy site.
 Fear of the unknown, most people sees us as a threat to them when working on site and
also destroying the pillars been established giving more time and energy in repeating the
work
1.2 SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM
 Public Awareness Orientation should be created around about the work of a Surveyor and
also giving them the knowledge of some touching or removing anything they see on
ground.
 Security should to be provided for when working on site to avoid to being attacked by an
unknown person.
 Water should be available at different intervals so as to prevent dehydration.
 Academic supervisors should be visiting every firm/establishment that every student from
the department is doing industrial training to ensure their desired results are in places.
1.3 RECOMMENDATION
 Student industrial training allowances should be paid as the program is on since some
students are not paid during the attachment period.
 Placement options for students should be made available to most students who do not
have placements.

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7.4 CONCLUSION

I encourage the continuous existence of SIWES programme. This programme has helped in
widening my scope of knowledge and understanding in my field and I can vividly say that to
handle any survey instrument and carry out any survey operation. I was really exposed to my
field of study during my six months of attachment. Want to say a very big thank you to my boss
Surv. Lawal umar and my supervisor Surv. Nkechi Onyiagu and Surv. Osuolale Olubusola.

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 REFERENCES
1. Wkipedia
2. Industrial Training Fund (ITF) information and guidelines for SIWES operation
university of lagos(UNILAG)
3. Jurovich Surveying
4. Otics Survey
5. Board of surveying and Spatial Information
6. (www.dse.vic.gov.au).
7. (www.godfreyhoffman.com).

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