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    Notes 1 - Solutions

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    cbt.toilet

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    Notes 1 - Solutions

    Uploaded by

    cbt.toilet
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    4 views4 pages

    Notes 1 - Solutions

    Uploaded by

    cbt.toilet

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Name: Solutions

    Teacher: (Molarity, Solution Stoichiometry, and Dilutions)


    Period: Unit 4: Chemical Reactions (Notes 1)
    Date:
    AP Chemistry Standards: 4.5 Stoichiometry

    Video notes: Solutions and Molarity

    amount of
    solute

    volum molarit
    e y

    Solution Stoichiometry: using dimensional analysis to calculate

    volume

    amount of solute (moles)

    molarity

    Also, check out this video:


    Calculating Molarity (Silent Movie Style) by Tyler DeWitt
    Dilutions

    Example: If you have 2.0 M HCl in the lab, how do you prepare 100. mL of 0.40 M HCl?
    Practice Problems:
    1. In the lab, you have a beaker that contains 100. mL of NaCl solution. For each change, determine
    whether the volume, molarity, or number (moles) of particles increases, decreases, or stays the same.
    a. You dilute the 0.5 M NaCl solution by adding water.

    volume: ______________ molarity: ______________ number of particles (in moles): ______________

    b. You add a small chunk of NaCl to the 0.5 M NaCl solution.

    volume: ______________ molarity: ______________ number of particles (in moles): ______________

    c. You pour more 0.5 M NaCl solution into the beaker of 0.5 M NaCl.

    volume: ______________ molarity: ______________ number of particles (in moles): ______________

    d. You heat the beaker of 0.5 M NaCl solution, causing some water to evaporate.

    volume: ______________ molarity: ______________ number of particles (in moles): ______________

    e. You pour some of the 0.5 M NaCl solution into the sink.

    volume: ______________ molarity: ______________ number of particles (in moles): ______________

    2. The particle diagram for a particular solution of MgCl2(aq) is shown. Draw particle diagrams for other

    Same volume, half the molarity Twice the volume, same molarity

    C C
    M
    C M
    C
    Twice the volume, half the molarity Twice the volume, same # of moles Same # of moles, twice the molarity

    MgCl2 solutions with the specified changes. Some diagrams will be identical to each other.
    3. Molarity is the ratio of ____________ to ____________.

    You can use the molarity of a solution to convert from ____________ to ____________.

    4. Complete the following stoichiometry calculations.


    a. A student adds 0.40 moles of KCl to a graduated cylinder, fills the graduated cylinder up to
    the 25.0-mL mark with water, then mixes the solution until it is dissolved. What is the molarity
    of this solution?

    b. What amount (in moles) of KBr is in a 2.0-L solution of 0.45-M KBr?

    c. You have 1.5 moles of solid KBr in a graduated cylinder. What volume of distilled water do
    you need to make a 0.030-M solution of KBr?

    5. You have a graduated cylinder that contains 10.0 mL of 2.0-M NaCl solution, and you want to dilute it
    to a smaller concentration.
    a. How much water would you have to add to create a solution of 1.0-M NaCl? What total
    volume of 1.0 M NaCl solution would you have after you do this?

    b. How much water would you need to create a solution of 0.2 M NaCl? What total volume of 0.2
    M NaCl solution would you have after you do this?

    c. You add 40.0 mL of distilled water to the 10.0 mL of 2.0 M NaCl solution. What is the molarity
    of the diluted solution?

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