APA Referencing Brief Guide
APA Referencing Brief Guide
APA Referencing Brief Guide
What is referencing?
Referencing is acknowledging the source/s of the information, ideas, words, and images you have used in your assignment. You
use referencing to distinguish between your ideas and words and those that belong to other people; to support what you are
writing by referring to evidence; to enable readers to investigate ideas they find interesting/useful; to show your tutor exactly
which sources you have read; and to avoid plagiarism.
There are different styles of referencing. EIT uses the American Psychological Association (APA) referencing style.
Referencing has two parts, in-text citations and a reference list at the end of your assignment.
In-text citations
An in-text citation is in the body of your assignment and can be either a paraphrase or quotation.
Paraphrasing is putting in your own words what the author has written. When paraphrasing, there are two ways you can
reference: the author’s name can be incorporated in your text or included in brackets with the year of publication.
In her book, van der Ham (2016) stresses the fundamental importance of education to society.
OR
Central to modern society is a belief in the importance of education (van der Ham, 2016).
Quoting is copying the author’s exact words. When quoting, there are two ways you can reference: the author’s name can be
incorporated in your text, or can be included in brackets with the year of publication and the page number.
Authors
All authors’ names begin with the surname(s), followed by their initials.
If there is no author, place the title in the author position.
One author Diclemente, C. C. (2018). Addiction and change: How addictions develop and addicted people recover (2nd ed.).
The Guildford Press.
Two authors McElrea, F., & Thompson, D. (2019, November). Our traditional criminal justice system. The New
Zealand Law Journal, 378–383.
3 to 20 Lamastra, L., Balderacchi, M., Di Guardo, A., Monchiero, M., & Trevisan, M. (2016). A novel fuzzy expert
authors (list system to assess the sustainability of the viticulture at the wine-estate scale. Science of the Total
all authors) Environment, 572, 724–733. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.043
No author New Zealand’s ‘most instagrammed’ spot overrun by illegally parked cars. (2019, November 21). New Zealand
Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/travel/news/article.cfm?c_id=7&objectid=12287034
JOURNAL ARTICLE – PRINT
Author Year of publication Article title Journal title in italics Volume in italics Issue
Foxall, D. (2013). Barriers in education of indigenous nursing students: A literature review. Nursing Praxis in New Zealand, 29(3),
31-37. Page(s)
Note: Include the DOI after the page numbers if one is given.
Stanton, R. (2019). Dyslexia and oral skills: A student’s journey. ATLAANZ Journal, 4(1), 55-70.
https://journal.atlaanz.org/index.php/ATLAANZ/article/view/63/112 URL
Issel, L. M., Bekemeier, B., & Kneipp, S. (2012). A public health nurse research agenda. Public Health Nursing, 29(4), 330-342.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00989.x DOI
Note. Write the word Article and then the article number where an article number is given in place of page numbers. Include a DOI in
the format https://doi.org/...
Barkway, D., & O’Kane, D. (2020). Psychology: Introduction for health professionals. Elsevier.
American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to
APA style (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000 DOI
Note: This example does not have a publisher as the publisher is the same as the author.
ONLINE BOOK
Author(s) Year of publication Book title in italics Publisher
National Health Committee. (2015). The introduction of fit for purpose omics-based technologies–Think piece. Ministry of Health.
https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/introduction-fit-purpose-omics-based-technologies-think-piece URL
Note: Include a DOI if one is given in place of the URL.
Chand, N. (2019). Standardized turmeric and curcumin. In R. C. Gupta, A. Srivastava, & R. Lall (Eds.), Nutraceuticals in veterinary
medicine (pp. 3-24). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04624-8
WEBPAGE
Author Year of publication Web page title Website name URL
NO DATE
Include (n.d.) in place of the publication date.
Kalter, L. (n.d.). Ducks & more: Animals offer flyers emotional support. WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/balance/stress-
management/news/20191125/ducks-more-animals-offer-flyers-emotional-support