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Mark Scheme (Results)

Summer 2024

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level In

Biology (WBI16) Paper 01
Practical Skills in Biology II
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June 2024
Question Paper Log Number: P75777A
Publications Code WBI16_01_2406_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2024
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same

treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in
exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates
must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do
rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme
not according to their perception of where the grade
boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be
awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if
deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award
zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of
credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded
and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application
of the mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team
leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the
candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(i)
{cristae / inner (mitochondrial) membrane} Accept stalked particles (1)
Grad

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(ii)
Accept cytochrome oxidase / cytochromes /NADH
/FADH2
NAD / FAD Ignore reference to oxidised and reduced

Do not accept NADP or other incorrect molecule

No mark if one correct and one incorrect answer (1)

given exp
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b) A description that contains five of the following:

• range of five suitable temperatures used (1) Accept temperatures between 5 and 45°C (ignore
additional temperatures outside the range)

• use of thermostatic waterbath (1) Accept waterbath set at a stated temperature

• incubate yeast and indicator separately to reach Accept to equilibrate/acclimatise

same temperature (1)

• suitable named indicator used (1) Accept TTC / DCPIP / methylene blue

• record time taken for colour to change (1) ignore stated colours

• identification of one variable (1)

Accept: pH
{volume / conc/mass/strain/type} of yeast
suspension/ volume/conc of TTC
• repeats and calculate { means/SD’s } (to compare) Ignore species
Accept average Exp
(1)
(5)
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Question Answer Additional Guidance Mark

Number
1(c) An explanation that includes three of the following:

• at high temperatures there is more kinetic energy Accept reverse argument / KE

(1)

• as temperature increases { more collisions between Accept reverse argument

enzyme and substrate/more ES (complexes)
formed} (1)

• at {high(er) temperatures /above optimum Accept description of bonds being broken

temperature} enzymes are denatured (1) changing shape of active site
Accept high temperatures change shape of active
site so substrate no longer fits not denatured if Exp
low temperature (3)

(Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)

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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a) A description that includes four of the following Accept eg glass rod / cotton bud / same force

• touching woodlouse in standardised manner Accept temperature – AC room

(1) humidity /moisture – AC room
light intensity – same intensity bulb / same distance
• method of control of suitable variable (1) woodlouse variable eg age – same length/ mass
species – use a key
• repeat with different woodlice (1)
Accept repeat with different woodlice

one of these methods

• repeated touches on (same) woodlouse (

until no response seen) (1)

• record the number of touches before no

response seen (1)

OR

• measure time to curl/uncurl

• (record time taken and) number/frequency Exp

of touches ( to curl/uncurl to standard state) (4)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(i)
71 / 71.15/ 71.2 Not 71.1 / 71.0 / 71.20
Ignore minus sign Cleri
(1)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(ii)
• axes correctly orientated with suitable axis labels eg. x axis: stimulus / sound
and units and linear scale (1) y-axis: mean distance / cm

• all points correctly plotted (1)

(not MP3 if a bar graph) Exp

• points (joined) with {labels/ key}(1) (3)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(iii)
• suitable precaution (1) eg. Sound should not be too loud/time for fish to rest
after testing/ do not test same fish several times;
suitable size tank

ignore release to the wild / control of light intensity Exp

(1)
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(iv) Abiotic
• temperature
• sound factor eg intensity / duration of sound / Accept pitch /intensity/amplitude/frequency
how far away the sound is
• light {intensity/wavelength}
• size of tank
• pH
Biotic Exp
• Age / sex of fish Accept gender/mass (2)
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uestion
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(v) Accept:
• variable with suitable control method described Water temperature – use of thermostatic heater in tank
(1) Sound factors – sound of fixed duration eg 1s / from
fixed distance eg 10m
Light intensity – bulb of known wattage / at fixed
distance
Size of tank – same sized tank for each trial
Age – fish hatched at same time
Sex - select fish of known sex
pH - buffer

• results are not valid / description of expected Description needs to be directional

effect on the dependent variable (1) Exp
Accept other variables controlled and expected effect (2)
(Total for Question 2 = 13 marks)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)
x 2.5 Cleri
(1)
Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b)(i) Observed value Expected value
Clip with Smooth light 12 20
3bii Rough light 15 20
Smooth dark 24 20
Rough dark 29 20

• calculation of observed values (1) Accept MP1 one correct substitution into part of
calculation
• calculation of (O – E)2 (1) Accept MP2 for one value eg 3.20

E
Accept: 3.20 / 1.25 / 0.80 / 4.05 for MP1 and 2

• calculation of chi-squared value (1)

9.3 /9.30 /9.300 correct answer only gains 3 marks

Exp
Accept ECF for MP2 and 3 (3)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b)(ii) An answer including three of the following
Clip
with 3bi • calculated value (9.3) is more than a critical Accept any stated value againt any critical value with
value stated/indicated from the table (1) correct reasoning for all MP’s

• therefore reject the null hypothesis (1)

• top shells show a preference (1)

• Suitable comment on preference (1) e.g. top shells prefer dark to light / no preference for
rough or smooth Exp
(3)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b)(iii) An answer which includes three of the following:

• leave them for longer so that they have time to

{move around / select their preferred habitat} (1)

• put more than five molluscs into each area so that

there is more data to analyse (1)

• controlled temperature so they move {in the

same way/at the same speed} (1)

• cover the light side with a transparent covering eg

glass so that {both sides are covered / you are not
comparing covered and uncovered} (1)

• use a round tray so that the molluscs do not

collect in corners (1)
Exp
(3)

(Total for question 3 = 9 marks)

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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a) A description that includes three of the following:

• find a suitable pre-treatment for seeds (1) Accept soaking time / number of times to
rinse seeds /other valid example

• find suitable conditions for Accept temperature / light

{germination/growth/respiration} of seeds (1) wavelength/daylength

• find a suitable time for seeds to (start)

{germination/growth/respiring} (1)

• find a suitable timescale to measure distance moved by Accept time to produce a measurable
bubble (1) change of gas
find a suitable {number / mass} of seeds to Exp
obtain a measurable rate/quantity of gas (3)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b) An answer that includes eight of the following:
• clear statement of the dependent variable Accept
(1) distance moved by bubble (in respirometer) in given time /
volume of oxygen/gas used in given time

• suitable method for preparing seeds (1) Accept soaking / rinsing / surface sterilisation etc

• use of a carbon dioxide absorber (1) E.g soda lime /KOH/NaOH

Not sodium hydrogen carbonate
• seeds left to equilibrate/acclimatise (before
data collection) (1)

• description of data collection in a given time Accept distance moved by bubble in given time / volume
(1) of gas collected in syringe

• calculation of rate described (1)

E.g distance / volume divided by time

• identify one abiotic variable to be controlled

and description of how it is controlled (1) Accept: temperature / wavelength of light
Ignore pH
• one biotic variable identified (1)
Accept age of seeds / mass of seeds / variety of seeds
• use both types of seed in the investigation Exp
(1) (8)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(c) A description including the following

• raw data table with headings and units, with Accept distance moved by bubble (in given time)
means calculated from repeats (1) Accept additional columns eg volume of oxygen
used / rate of respiration
Accept description of calculating mean
Do not accept units in the body of the table

• suitable graph with labelled axes (1)

Accept distance moved by bubble / volume of
oxygen used / rate of respiration

• use of an appropriate statistical test (1)

MP2 and 3 usually a bar graph and a stats test
for difference
OR a line graph of time intervals

Exp
(3)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(d) An answer that includes three of the following:

• if mung beans germinate more quickly than peas the

highest respiration rate may be at different times after
soaking (1)

• It is hard to control {age/viability}of seeds (1) Accept older seeds may have a lower
{germination rate / respiration rate}
Accept if some seeds do not germinate this will
affect the result / reduce the respiration rate
• Seed may change from aerobic to anaerobic
respiration (1)

• errors in { reading position of bubble on

scale/measuring volume of gas} (1)

• germinating seeds produce heat so hard to control Accept changing temperature will affect Exp
temperature (which affects rate of respiration) (1) position of bubble on scale (3)
(Total for question 4 = 17 marks)
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