Sy 10
Sy 10
Sy 10
Semester I
Course Outcome: By the end of the course, the student will have an introductory
understanding of
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
Classification of languages
Language families; Indian language families
Indo Aryan language family
Unit IV
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Recommended Books –
the student will have an introductory idea of human speech—its production and
classification.
When given a speech sample to analyse, the student will be able to identify sounds,
syllables, suprasegmental features and transcribe the same using IPA.
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
Unit IV
Recommended Books
Balasubramanian, T. 1981. A text book of English Phonetics for Indian Students. Macmillan
India Ltd.
Sahay, Chaturbhuj. 1987. Swan Vigyan. Kumar Prakashan: Agra.
Reference Books:
Roach, Peter.2009. English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical course. CUP: Cambridge.
Ashby, M. and Maidment, J. 2005. Introducing Phonetic Science. CUP: Cambridge.
Semester II
Course Outcome:
the student will be able to draw on knowledge attained during Intro to Linguistics I
and build on their understanding of Linguistics and its basic some of its
foundational concepts via their understanding of speech and language disorders,
theories of language acquisition.
They will be able to evaluate the role of culture in shaping language and vice versa
as well as identify routes and results of language change.
Unit I
Unit II
3
Unit III
Language change;
Types of Language;
Change; Directions of language change, Causes of language change
Unit IV
Recommended books:
A.Akmajian, R.A. Demers, et. Al. 2001. Linguistics: an introduction to Language and
Communication. MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.
Course outcome:
the student will build on their knowledge of speech sounds and delve into principles
that govern their analysis.
Students will be able to identify and define phonemic principles, reasons behind and
types of sound change,
and be trained in rule writing formalisms.
Unit I
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Phonemics : Concept of Phone, phoneme and allophone;
Major distributions of sound;
Identification of phoneme; minimal pairs
Unit II
Phonemic principles;
Neutralization,
Morphophonemic alternations;
Phonotactics
Unit III
Unit IV
Distinctive features;
Rule writing formalisms;
Practical Phonemics.
Recommended Books
A. Akmajian, R.A. Demers, et. Al. 2001. Linguistics: an introduction to Language and Communication.
MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.
SEMESTER III
Course outcome:
5
Unit I
Morphemes, morphs, allomorphs;
Morpheme- Types, Distribution and Conditioning.
Unit II
Lexeme, Word,
Root, stems, base,
Stem -extenders,
Inflection and derivation.
Unit III
Word formations
derivational processes,
conversion,
compounds,
reduplication,
Unit IV
Principles of Morpheme identification and Identification Exercises
Recommended Books
Nida, E. 1949. Morphology: the descriptive analysis of words. University of Michigan Press:
An A. Akmajian, R.A. Demers, et. Al. 2001. Linguistics: an introduction to Language and
Communication. MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.Arbor.
Recommended Books:
Course outcome:
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By the end of the course, the student will be able to
identify the characteristics of the work of ancient grammarians,
recognise ancient grammatical traditions and their importance in today’s studies in
Linguistics.
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
Unit IV
Recommended Books:
Suggested Readings:
Kulikov, L.: Language vs. grammatical tradition in ancient India (2013) FOLIA LINGUISTICA
HISTORICA. 34(1). p.59-91
Robins, R.H. 1967: Short History of Linguistics, London: Longmans
अनंतचौधरी 2013, िहदं ी याकरण का इितहास, भारत सरकार के मानव ससं ाधन िवकास मं ालय (िश ा िवभाग) , िबहार िहदं ी थ अकादमी
डॉ शमा देवे नाथ, 2015, भाषािव ान क भिू मका, राधाकृ ण काशन , िद ली
Semester IV:
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Course outcome:
students will gain technical mastery over the concepts of constituent structure,
phrase structural representations.
Students will be able to identify verbs and its arguments, including their semantic
roles and exponents.
This course aims to equip the student with the initial tools of linguistic analysis in
syntax.
Unit I
Constituent structure;
Phrase and its types;
phrasal tests;
Phrase structure representations.
Unit II
Unit III:
Unit IV
Recommended Books
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Larson, R. 2010. Grammar as Science. MIT Press: Cambridge, MA.
Koul, O.N. 2008. Modern Hindi Grammar. Dunwoody Press: Springfield, VA.
Course outcome:
the student will be able to identify the characteristics of the work of Western
grammarians,
recognise ancient western grammatical traditions and their importance in today’s
studies in Linguistics.
They will also be able to build on their knowledge from Paper II in Sem III and
compare and contrast Indian grammatical traditions with the western ones.
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
Unit IV
Recommended Books:
Milka Ivic, 1970. Trends in Linguistics, Translated by Muriel Heppell, Mouton and Company,
NV Publishers, The Hague, Paris.
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Pederson, H. 1962. Discovery of Language, Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
Robins. RH. 1968. A Short History of Linguistics. Bloomington, Indiana University Press.
Semester V
Course outcome:
the student will be able to explain what is semantics and why is it essential to
linguistic study.
They will be able to define sense, reference and connotation,
as well as identify and differentiate between different kinds of meaning.
They will also understand sense relationships and explain their meaning.
Unit I
Semantics: its definition and scope
Unit II
Sense and reference,
connotation and denotation
Unit III
Types of meaning: descriptive, emotive and phatic
Unit IV
Sense relations: Synonymy, polysemy, antonymy, hyponymy, meronymy
Text books
Suggested readings
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the student will be able to identify different characteristics that differentiate one
variation of a language from another.
S/he will be able to use the foundational skills used in field work (elicitation,
documentation, archiving) to study such a variation and record his/her findings.
Unit I
Concept of Dialectology,
Nature and Scope.
History and development of Dialectology.
Unit II
Unit III
Dialect Geography,
Linguistic Geography, Scope.
Areal Linguistics.
Field methods and techniques.
Methodology, Preparation of questionnaire, Data-collection.
Unit IV
Recommended Books:
Chambers, Jack K., and Peter Trudgill. Dialectology. Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Nida, Eugene. “Field techniques in descriptive linguistics." International journal of American
linguistics 13.3 (1947): 138-146.
Grierson, George Abraham, (ed). Linguistic survey of India. Vol. 4. Office of the superintendent of
government printing, India, 1906.
Abbi, Anvita. A manual of linguistic field work and structures of Indian languages. LINCOM handbooks
in linguistics." (2001).
Grinevald, Colette, and Peter K. Austin. "Language documentation and description." (2003): 52., SOAS,
London
कै लाश च द भािटया - भाषा भगू ोल, हीरालाल शु ल, श द भगू ोल, Kendriya Hindi Sansthan, New Delhi, 1998.
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Paper 11a: Language and Society
Course outcome:
the different ways in which languages in a society and the society itself, interact,
how both bring about changes in the other due to their inherent characteristics
and how different features of each can be understood better by studying the other.
They will examine this relationship through the lenses of class, gender, caste, and
other similar classifications of a society and examine how languages change in each.
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
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Unit IV
Text books:
Fishman, Joshua A. "The sociology of language." Sociolinguistics. Palgrave, London, 1997. 25-30.
Giglioli, Pier Paolo, ed. Language and social context: selected readings. Penguin Books, 1972.
Gumperz, J.J. and D. Hymes. Directions in Sociolinguistics; the Ethnography of Communication. Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1972.
Labov, William. Sociolinguistic patterns. No. 4. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972.
Nida, Eugene A. "Language in Culture and Society." (1964): 964.
रवी नाथ ीवा तव एवं रमानाथ सहाय, िहंदी का सामािजक स दभ. 2004, Payal Publications, Allahabad.
Semester VI
Paper 12: Historical Linguistics
Course outcome:
the student will have an understanding of the different ways in which over the
course of time and space, languages change.
They will be able to follow the basic evolution of one language from another using
the rules and skills acquired during the course.
They will have a wider understanding of the language families of the world and a
better one of the language families in South Asia, specially, the Indo Aryan
Language family.
Unit I
Unit II:
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Proto language;
Comparative method;
Reconstruction method- brief introduction
Unit III
Unit IV
Recommended Books
Lehman, W.P. & Y." Malkiel. Historical Linguistics. Amsterdam: John (1968).
Course outcome:
This paper aims to equip the student with the introductory skill set to use Linguistic
knowledge in the practical field.
By the end of the course, the student will be able to understand the usage of
linguistic tools in translation, language teaching, dictionary making and clinical
fields like speech pathology, neurolinguistics, etc.
Unit I
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Translation: Principles of translation;
types of translation;
process of translation;
interpretation and transcreation;
problems of translation
Unit II
Unit III
Unit IV
Clinical Linguistics:
Linguistics and language pathology;
neurolinguistics and linguistic aphasiology;
aphasia, agrammatism and dyslexia;
speech pathology and stuttering.
Recommended Books:
Richards J C & Rogers T S (2001) Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching (2nd
edition) Cambridge: CUP
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Paper 14: Structure of Hindi
Course outcome:
This course will equip the student with a better understanding of the structure of
Hindi.
The student will study Hindi through the lenses of geography, society and linguistic
structure.
By the end of the course, the student will be able to perform analysis of a given
Hindi data set on the basis of the perspectives of sociolinguistics, syntax,
morphology and regional variations.
Unit I
Unit II
Unit III
Unit IV
Hindi Lexicon;
Structure-topic/focus, given/new, theme/rheme
Discourse structure-inter-sentential relations
discourse organization.
Recommended Books
Kellog, H.S, Grammar of Hindi Language, AM Pres. Mission Press Allahabad, 1876
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Kachru, Yamuna, Hindi, John Benjamins Publishing
Kelkar, Ashok R, Studies in Hindi-Urdu. Poona: Deccan College.
Semester VII
Course outcome:
Unit I
Communication and its means,
Types of Communication, human and non human communication
Design features of human language
Unit II
Linguistics – definition and aim,
Branches of Linguistics,
Methods of Linguistics
Unit III
Major Dichotomies: Saussure - Langue and Parole;
Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic relations;
Synchronic and Diachronic approaches;
Chomsky - Competence and Performance,
Deep and Surface Structure
Unit IV
Relation of Linguistics with other disciplines,
Language and Brain,
Language and thought,
Language and Society
Recommendation Books:
Bloomfield, Leonard. An introduction to the study of language. H. Holt, (1914).
Hockett, Charles F. A course in modern linguistics. New York: Macmillan Company (1958).
Hall, Robert Anderson. Introductory linguistics. Chilton Books, 1964.
Gleason, H. A. "An Introduction to Descriptive Linguistics." New York: Holt (1958).
र तोगी , किवता 2014, भाषािव ान का प रचय, अिवराम काशन,िद ली
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हरीश शमा - भाषा िव ान क परे खा
Course outcome:
Unit I
Physiological basis of speech production
organs of speech, respiratory system and laryngeal system;
states of glottis and Phonation types,
Air Stream Mechanisms – Pulmonic, Velaric, and Glottalic.
Unit II
Classification of speech sounds – Consonants: Place of articulation,
Degrees of Stricture: Manners of articulation; and three term labels.
Vowels: Articulation of vowels, Tongue placement and lip rounding,
Cardinal vowels, Diphthongs, Semi-vowels.
Complex Articulations: Double articulation and secondary articulation.
Unit III
Syllable as a speech unit, its structure and significance;
Voice Onset Timing(VOT) and Aspiration,
Suprasegmental features – Stress, length, pitch, tone, Intonation, Voice quality, and
rhythm.
Unit IV
Acoustic characteristics of Sound waves: Transmission, frequency, Pitch, amplitude,
resonances,
Instrumental phonetics: Palatography, X-rays, Spectrography.
Recommended Books:
Abercrombie, D. 1968, Elements of General Phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Ashby, M. and J.Maidment. 2005. Introducing Phonetic Science. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
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Ladefoged, P. 2001.A course in Phonetics. Boston, MA., Heinle and Heinle.
Laver, John. 1994. Principles of Phonetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Course outcome:
Unit I
Morphology: Morph, Morpheme and allomorph.
Morphemic variants and their conditioning
Criteria for the identification of morphemes
Unit II:
Types of Morphemes - Roots, affixes, stem and base, stem extender,
Clitics and their types,
Morphological processes
Unit III
Word and its types,
Word and lexeme,
Word Classes, Processes of word formation: Derivation, Inflection,
Compounding, Reduplication, Conversion: productivity and blocking
Unit IV
Interaction of lexicon, morphology and syntax;
Morphological Typology;
Idioms and Compounds;
Grammatical categories
Recommended Books-
Anderson, Stephen R., and Stephen R. Anderson. A-morphous morphology. Vol. 62. Cambridge
University Press, 1992.
Aronoff, Mark. "Word formation in generative grammar." Linguistic Inquiry Monographs
Cambridge, Mass 1 (1976): 1-134.
Spencer, Andrew. Morphological theory: An introduction to word structure in generative
grammar. Wiley-Blackwell, 1991.
Katamba, Francis. Morphology. New York: Macmillan International (1993).
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Rastogi , K.-समसामियक भाषािव ान
भोला नाथ ितवारी -भाषािव ान
Paper 18: Comparative and Historical Linguistics with special reference to the Indo-Aryan
language Family
Course outcome:
the student will have an understanding of the different ways in which over the
course of time and space, languages change.
They will be able to chronologically map the evolution of one language from another
using the rules and skills acquired during the course.
They will have a wider understanding of the language families of the world and a
better one of the language families in South Asia, specially, the Indo Aryan
Language family.
Unit I
Concept of Comparative Philology,
Comparative Linguistics,
Historical and Comparative Methods
Unit II
Methods of Reconstruction - Internal and External,
Exercises
Unit III
Change in Language – Phonetic, Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic
Unit IV
Phonetic Laws & Neo-Grammarian Theory,
Language Families
Proto Indo-European and Indo-European Languages,
Indo-Aryan language family– Old, Middle and New
Recommended Books-
Ghatage, Amrit Madhav. Historical linguistics and Indo-Aryan languages. University of Bombay, 1962.
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Paper 19: Sociolinguistics
Course outcome:
Unit I
Sociolinguistics – Nature and Scope, Micro and Macro.
Sociolinguistics and related disciplines
Concept of Communicative competence
Unit II
Social and Cultural variation,
Style and Registers,
Social Stratification,
Sociolinguistic variables
Language repertoire
Unit III
Language Contact,
Bilingualism and Multilingualism
Unit IV
Patterns of language use in a Multilingual Society,
Diglossia,
Issues of Language maintenance and shift,
Borrowing and Interference,
Code Mixing and Code Switching,
Pidgins and Creoles
Recommended books:
Fishman, Joshua A. "The sociology of language." Sociolinguistics. Palgrave, London, 1997. 25-30.
Giglioli, Pier Paolo, ed. Language and social context: selected readings. Penguin Books, 1972.
Gumperz, J.J. and D. Hymes. Directions in Sociolinguistics; the Ethnography of Communication. Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1972.
Nida, Eugene A. "Language in Culture and Society." (1964): 964.
Labov, William. Sociolinguistic patterns. No. 4. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972.
रवी नाथ ीवा तव एवं रमानाथ सहाय, िहंदी का सामािजक स दभ
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