Bloom'S Taxonomy of Educational Objectives For Knowledge-Based

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BLOOM'S TAXONOMY OF

EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
FOR KNOWLEDGE-BASED
GOALS
1.Knowledge
2.Comprehension
3.Application
4.Analysis
5.Synthesis
6.Evaluation

1. Knowledge

1. Knowledge

Remembering previously
learned material. The
skill may involve recall of
a wide range of material,
from specific facts to
complete theories,.

2. Comprehension

1. Knowledge
2. Comprehension

The ability to grasp


meaning of material.
This skill may be
shown by translating
material from one form
to another, by
interpreting material
and by estimating
future trends.

3. Application

1.
2.
3.

The ability to use learned


material in new and
concrete situations. This
may include the
application of such
things as rules,
methods,
concepts,
Knowledge
Comprehension
principles, laws and
Application
theories.

4. Analysis

1.
2.
3.
4.

The ability to break down


material into its
component parts so that
its organizational
structure may be
understood.

Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis

5. Synthesis

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The ability to put parts


together to form a new
whole. This may involve
the production of a
unique communication ,
a plan of operations, or
Knowledge
a set of abstract
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
relations
Synthesis

6. Evaluation
The ability to judge the
value of material for a
given purpose. The
judgements are to be
based on definite criteria.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

BLOOM'S TAXONOMY OF
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
FOR AFFECTIVE GOALS
1.Receiving
2.Responding
3.Valuing
4.Organisation
5.Characterisation by
value

1. Receiving
Demonstrates a
willingness to engage in
the learning process

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving

2. Responding
Shows interest in the
objects, phenomena, or
activity by seeking it out
or pursuing it for
pleasure
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding

3. Valuing
Internalizes an
appreciation for (values)
the objectives,
phenomena, or activity
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing

4. Organization
Begins to compare
different values, and
resolves conflicts
between them to form an
internally consistent
system of values

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation

5. Characterisation
by value
Adopts a long-term value
system that is
"pervasive, consistent,
and predictable"
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

BLOOM'S TAXONOMY OF
EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES FOR
SKILLS-BASED GOALS as developed by
Simpson (1972)
1.Perception
2.Set
3.Guided Response
4.Mechanism
5.Complex overt Response
6.Adaptation
7.Organization

1. Perception
Uses sensory cues to
guide actions E.g. Copying a work
of art

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

2. Set
Demonstrates a
readiness to take action
to perform the task or
objective - Creating work on one's own,
after taking lessons, or reading about it.

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

3. Guided Response
Knows steps required to
complete the task or
objective - Working and reworking
something, so it will be "just right."

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided Response

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

4. Mechanism
Performs task or
objective in a somewhat
confident, proficient,
and habitual manner
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided Response
Mechanism

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

5. Complex Overt Response


Performs task or
objective in a confident,
proficient, and habitual
manner BUT more
quickly & accurately
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided Response
Mechanism
Complex overt Response

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

6. Adaptation
Performs task or
objective as above, but
can also modify actions
to account for new or
problematic situations Producing a video that involves music, drama, colour,
sound, etc.
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided Response
Mechanism
Complex overt Response
Adaptation

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

7. Origination
Creates new tasks or
objectives incorporating
learned ones
COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided Response
Mechanism
Complex overt Response
Adaptation
Organization

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation by value

BLOOM'S TAXONOMY OF EDUCATIONAL


OBJECTIVES FOR Cognitive, Affective and SkillsBASED GOALS

COGNITIVE
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation

PSYCHOMOTOR
Perception
Set
Guided
Response
Mechanism
Complex overt
Response
Adaptation
Organization

AFFECTIVE
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organisation
Characterisation
by value

Thank you
very much
for your
attention!

R.H. Dave's (1970):


Imitation: Observing and patterning behavior after someone else. Performance may
be of low quality. Example: Copying a work of art.
Manipulation: Being able to perform certain actions by following instructions and
practicing. Example: Creating work on one's own, after taking lessons, or reading
about it.
Precision: Refining, becoming more exact. Few errors are apparent. Example:
Working and reworking something, so it will be "just right."
Articulation: Coordinating a series of actions, achieving harmony and internal
consistency. Example: Producing a video that involves music, drama, color, sound, etc.
Naturalization: Having high level performance become natural, without needing to
think much about it. Examples: Michael Jordan playing basketball, Nancy Lopez hitting
a golf ball, etc.

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