Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 648 views

    Immunisation Chart

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Zhafirah
    Immunization stimulates the body's immune system to protect against infectious diseases through administration of vaccines. It can be active via vaccination or passive via transfer of maternal antibodies or immunoglobulins. Childhood immunization has reduced major infectious diseases. Vaccines include inactivated or attenuated whole organisms or their parts, toxoids, and recombinant products. Common childhood vaccines protect against diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio according to schedules from organizations like the CDC and MOH.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Immunisation Chart

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Zhafirah
    648 views20 pages
    Immunization stimulates the body's immune system to protect against infectious diseases through administration of vaccines. It can be active via vaccination or passive via transfer of maternal antibodies or immunoglobulins. Childhood immunization has reduced major infectious diseases. Vaccines include inactivated or attenuated whole organisms or their parts, toxoids, and recombinant products. Common childhood vaccines protect against diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio according to schedules from organizations like the CDC and MOH.

    Original Description:

    Immunisation chart

    Original Title

    Immunisation chart

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Immunization stimulates the body's immune system to protect against infectious diseases through administration of vaccines. It can be active via vaccination or passive via transfer of maternal antibodies or immunoglobulins. Childhood immunization has reduced major infectious diseases. Vaccines include inactivated or attenuated whole organisms or their parts, toxoids, and recombinant products. Common childhood vaccines protect against diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio according to schedules from organizations like the CDC and MOH.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    648 views20 pages

    Immunisation Chart

    Uploaded by

    Nuha Zhafirah
    Immunization stimulates the body's immune system to protect against infectious diseases through administration of vaccines. It can be active via vaccination or passive via transfer of maternal antibodies or immunoglobulins. Childhood immunization has reduced major infectious diseases. Vaccines include inactivated or attenuated whole organisms or their parts, toxoids, and recombinant products. Common childhood vaccines protect against diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio according to schedules from organizations like the CDC and MOH.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 20

    1

    IMMUNIZATION

    IMMUNIZATION
    Definition according to WHO
    Immunization is the process whereby a
    person is made immune or resistant to an
    infectious disease, typically by the
    administration of a vaccine
    Vaccines stimulate the bodys own immune
    system to protect the person against
    subsequent infection or disease

    Childhood immunization has markedly


    reduced the impact of major infectious
    diseases
    Two categories of immunization
    Active immunization induced immunity by
    vaccination with a vaccine or toxoid
    (inactivated toxin)
    Passive immunization transplacental
    transfer of maternal antibodies and the
    administration of antibody, either as
    immunoglobulin or monoclonal antibody

    Active immunity: Whole or parts of


    microorganisms administered to prevent
    an infectious disease. Vaccine types
    include:

    Whole inactivated microorganisms (e.g.. Polio and Hep A)


    Parts of the organism (e.g.. Acellular pertussis, HPV, Hep B)
    Polysaccharide capsules (pneumococcal, meningococcal)
    Polysaccharide capsules conjugated to protein carriers (Hib,
    pneumococcal, meningococcal conjugate vaccines)
    Live attenuated organisms (measles, mumps, rubella, varicella,
    rotavirus, live attenuated influenza vaccines)
    Toxoids (tetanus, diphtheria)

    Passive immunity: administration of preformed


    antibodies to induce transient protection against
    an infectious agent. Indications for passive
    immunity are as follows:
    provide protection to immunodeficient children with B-lymphocyte
    defects who have difficulties making antibodies
    Persons exposed to infectious diseases or who are at imminent risk of
    exposure where there is no adequate time for them to develop an active
    immune response to a vaccine
    Therapy for an infectious disease (e.g.. Botulism, diphtheria)

    Types of vaccination
    Live attenuated viruses (measles, mumps,
    rubella, varicella, nasal influenza)
    Inactivated or killed viruses (polio, hepatitis A,
    intramuscular influenza)
    Recombinant products (hepatitis B, human
    papillomavirus)

    COMMON CHILDHOOD VACCINES


    Childhood immunization standards and
    recommendation in the United States are
    formulated by the Advisory Committee on
    Immunization Practices of the Centres for
    Disease Control and Prevention (ACIP)
    In Malaysia, Ministry of Health (MOH) also
    has a schedule to be obeyed.
    Normally it is based from the common
    infectious diseases.

    COMMON CHILDHOOD VACCINES

    BCG
    Hepatitis B
    Diphtheria, Tetanus (DT)
    Pertussis
    Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)
    Haemophilus Influenza type B (Hib)
    Measles
    Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
    Mumps
    Rubella
    Japanese Encephalitis (JE)
    Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
    Pneumococcal (conjugate and polysaccharide vaccine)
    Rotavirus

    15

    Indications for vaccines not


    on the MOH schedule

    You might also like