Universal Differential relay 7SD610

87 Universal differential relay

- For line / cables
- with transformers in the protection
zone
With secure digital communication
- Fibre optic cables
- Communication networks
- Digital telefon network / telefon cables*
* In preparation

7SD610

Protection and Substation Control

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Protection and communication come together

Three benefits of the
7SD610protection for the
Differential
universal use with easy to handle settings
Two line terminals, Less CT-requirements
Handles transformers and compensation coils within
the protection zone
Tripping time less than one period

Additional functions
Backup (parallel running) or emergency O/C - function (3 stages)
Breaker failure protection, Overload protection,
Switch on to fault feature, 4 fast remote signals, Intertrip function
Supervision of the communication link, Bus-wire supervision

Direct and modular connection to fibre

optic and digital communication
networks
Protection and Substation Control

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Application - Fibre optic connection

Direct connection with fibre optic (FO) cables
- Offers high speed tripping (16 ms)
- Flexible plug in modules for different fibre typ or distance

FO

Distance

FO-cable

Connector

820 nm, 1,5 km

820 nm, 3 km

Multimode
62,5/125 um

ST
ST

1300 nm, 10 km
1300 nm, 35 km

Monomode
9/125 um

ST
FC

Protection and Substation Control

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Application - Digital communication network

Connection via a communication system with multiplexers
- Automatic delay time measurement (adaptive correction from 0 ms - 30 ms)
- Immediate detection of switch-over conditions of communication routes
- Communication addresses,
Synchonous electrical interface
X.21 (64/128/512 kBit/s) or G703.1 (64 kBit/s)

E
O

Communicationsystem

820 nm, 1,5 km

Protection and Substation Control

O
E

Communication
converter
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Application - Leased telefon line

Leased telefon line (standby or dial-up)
- 2 wire telefon cable (max. 8 km)*

E
O

Twisted telefon pair

max. 8 km (5 miles)

O
E

820 nm, 1,5 km

Communication
converter

* In test
Protection and Substation Control

5 kV insulation
integrated
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Applications Line or cable with different CT - ratios

400:5, 10P10, 10VA, kAlf = 59, k = 50
VT option
Not required
for diff. function

87L
50/51
50 BF
49

600:1, 5P20, 20 VA, kAlf = 130, k = 33,3

20 kA
IK,max
k= ___
IN,CT

- Mismatch of the CT ratio of 1:8 allowed, 1A or 5A input settable in the relay

- CT datas / errors are set in the relay
and automatically considered in the restraint current calculation
- CT-requirement: kAlf for the local CT must be greater then k (kmin = 30)
Protection and Substation Control

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Application -

Transformer and line in the protection zone

20 MVA, 110 kV/20 kV, Yd1
10P10, 10 VA, 200:1

10P10, 10 VA, 500:5

1 mile
87T
50/51
50 BF
49

trip
command

- Settings for the transformer datas in each relay

with vector group matching, ratio adaption and zero sequence elimination
- Differential setpoint is rated to the nominal current of the transformer
- Inrush restraint with second harmonic included (time limit for Crossblock)
High set element for immetiate trip (16 ms) through heavy fault currents
Protection and Substation Control

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Scope of functions / Hardware options

Scope of functions
- Fast high set element
IDiff>>. Current summation.
- Sensitive trip stage with
vector summation IDiff>
- Autoreclosure 1/3 pole
- Communication features
- Commissioning aid
- Overload protection
- Backup-/emergency
overcurrent
- Breaker failure protection
- Switch on to fault protection
- 4 remote commands
- Intertrip (also from external)
- User defined logic
- Exact time tagging

Relay Hardware

1/3 *19

Options for the Protection Interface

- 3Iph, and IE
-4U
- 7 binary inputs
- 5 trip contacts
- 1 alarm contact
- 1 Protection interface
- System interface (option)
- Rear DIGSI interface (option)
- Time synchronisation interface
for GPS

Protection and Substation Control

STconnector

internal

STconnector

1300 nm
10 km
monomode

internal

FCconnector

internal
820 nm
1,5 km
STconnectors

820 nm
1,5 / 3 km
multimode

External converter

1300 nm
35 km
monomode

Electrical
X21
G703.1
interface

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Modular hardware concept with Plug in modules

Plug in
modules

Protection interface 1
Remote line end

Port D

Synchronous N x 64kB/sec

Subst. control interface

Communication modules
RS485 or RS232

Interfacemodul 2
RS485 or FO

Substation control

Available Protocols
IEC - standard

Service-interface
DIGSI
local
Browser

local-PC
interface

Interfacemodul 1
RS485
RS232

Serial time
sync. input

Protection and Substation Control

DIGSI 4; also for

modem connection
and Browser
GPS-receiver
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Main board of the relay with its

Communication - Interfaces

Main processor
board of the relay
Sockets for the
communication
modules

Protection and Substation Control

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Main protection function

Features of the differential function
Phase selective differential protection (2 terminals).

Tripping time of 16 ms with fast trip stage.

Fundamental vector comparison for the sensitive

trip stage. Detects even high resistive faults under full load.

Dynamic increase of sensitive differential setpoint during

switch-on of long cables (settable time)

CT saturation detector. Increase of restraint current if CT-

saturation is indicated by the measured fault currents.

Phase selective intertrip within 20 ms (normally not required)

Settable delay time for single phase faults

(special feature for inductive compensated networks)

Inrush detection with 2nd harmonic. Undelayed trip for

heavy fault currents.

Vector group matching and zero sequence current

elimination included with transformer option

Lockout function

Protection and Substation Control

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Adaptive differential relaying

Consideration of CT- errors and comms-errors
I1

IDiff

I2

Tripping
area

I2

Restraint
area

I1

IDiff>
Current
summation:
Max. error
summation:

IRest
IDiff = I1 + I2 + I3
IRest = IDiff> + eCT1 * I1 + eCT2 * I2 + Sync.error

Max.
measurement
error (e) due to
linear
CT - error

Trip, if diff.current exceeds the estimated error (=restraint)

Protection and Substation Control

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Settings for CT - parametrer

C.t. Parameter
c.t. e.g. 5P20, 10VA
% tolerance at ALFN

ALFe = ALFN

Thumb rule:
Ri 0,1...0,2 * RN
RN at 10 VA 10
=> Ri 2

ALFe
ALFN

Pi + PN
Pi + PB
2 VA + 10 VA
2 VA + 1 VA

With PB = Pleads +
Prelay (0,1 VA)

= 4

Resulting Relay Parameter:

effective ALF / nominal ALF = 4 (calculation as per above)

IEC 44 -1:

tolerance in load area up to ALFe / ALFN : 1% with 5P, 3% with 10P c.t.s
total error at accuracy limit nN = 5% with class, 5P and 10% 10 P

Protection and Substation Control

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Approximation of CT-tolerance
Basis for the restraint current calculation is the estimated max.
measurement error of the CT
IDiff
I1
Fault current tolerance

Tolerance of
a real CT

Load current tolerance

ALFe / ALFN IN,c.t

I1

: parameter 7SD610, 7SD52

Example: 10P10, eload < 3%, eFault at k_ALFN = 10%

Protection and Substation Control

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Restaint current calculted by the relay

from the CT-datas
I1

I2

Both CTs: 400:1, 10P10

IC=50 A

eLoad = 5%
eFault = 10%
kAlf / kAlf,N =1

eLoad = 5% (3% + 2% safety magin)

eFault = 10%
kAlf / kAlf,N =2

10%

10%
5%

5%

1
2
I/IN,CT
I/IN,CT
Setting for I_Diff>: IDiff> = 2,5*IC / IN,CT = 125 A
Restraint current calcuation by the relay (adaptive):
I1 = I2 = 200 A:
IRest = IDiff> + 0,05*206 A + 0,05*200A = 125 A + 20 A = 145 A (=0,36)
I1 = I2 = 600 A:
IRest = IDiff> + 0,1*600A + 0,05*600A = 125 A + 90 A = 215 A (=0,53)
I1 = I2 = 1000 A:
IRest = IDiff> + 0,1*1000A + 0,1*1000A = 125 A + 200 A = 325 A (=0,82)
1

Protection and Substation Control

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Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 50% load

Protection and Substation Control

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Grafical view in a Browser screen with 50% load

Currents (amount / phasor)

Differential and restraint values

Protection and Substation Control

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Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 150% load

Protection and Substation Control

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Grafical view in a Browser screen with 150% load

Currents (amount / phasor)

Differential and restraint values

Protection and Substation Control

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Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 250% load

Protection and Substation Control

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Grafical view in a Browser screen with 250% load

Currents (amount / phasor)

Differential and restraint values

Protection and Substation Control

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To complete the 7SD610

Additional functions
3 stage backup- or emergency O/C protection

(Can be activated automatically if the communication with the

remote end is >50 ms interrupted)

Overload function (Thermal replica with IOperation)

Breaker failure protection
User definable logic and control functions

(AND, OR, NOT, Timer, Flip-Flop)

4 remote commands via binary input or logic inputs

Operational values: currents, voltages, power,

delay time, differential current - remote end refresh 2 s

Fault recorder with voltages, currents, binary traces and

differential and restraint current per phase

Fault records are exactly time synchronized at both line ends

Fast monitoring functions

Fast broken wire supervision, Current symmetry

Switch On to Fault protection with breaker monitor

Option: Three pole and single pole AR (Single pole AR during

2pole fault without earth possible, adaptive AR)

Protection and Substation Control

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Familiar with digital communication networks

Features of the relay to relay communication
Synchronous data transmission by HDLC- protocol

- 32 bit CRC-checksum offers extreme high security

Permanent supervision of the data transmission

Microsecond resolution time tagging of the telegrams

- Exact time synchonisation between both line terminals

Two settable alarm levels

- Data disturbance (detects gaps in a telegram stream)

- Complete data failure (interruption of the data transmission)

Measurement and compensation of transmission duration

- max. 30 ms (adaptivily)

Measurement of the availability of the comms link in per/min, per/h

Blocking the diff.protection if transmission failure rate is too high

Settings for the data transmission

(N*64 kBit/s, N settable from 1 - 8, synchronous HDLC-protocol)

Communication device addresses

(Protection devices are clearly assigned to a defined protection

section)

Detection of reflected data in the loops in comms- network

Protection and Substation Control

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Plug and Protect

Commissiong helps and test features
Transmission time duration measuement (delay time)

Mean value of transmit and receive direction

Test loop facility included

- Helps to test the fibre or comms-link

IL1_2

Absolute value and phase measurement of currents

Local measurement of angle between I L1, IL2, IL3

,Angle between currents of each phase from remote

Phi1->2
IL1_1
IL2_1

CB test trip
Counting of faulty telegrams in % per minute and hour

IL2_2

Activation of binary inputs and outputs by operating

software DIGSI 4.

Display of the status of binary inputs

IL3_2
IL3_1

Test telegrams to the substation control system

Test mode which can be activated via DIGSI, bin.input

- Remote diff. is blocked from the local side

Commissiong mode (diff. runs but doesnt trip)

Complete commissioning support with DIGSI 4 and

browser based PC-software

Protection and Substation Control

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Browser view - Startpage with overview

Web-Server is running in the device.

Homepage of the device settable with DIGSI (e.c. http://140.141.255.150)
Serial access to the device via a standard Dial up Network under WINDOWS(R)

Protection and Substation Control

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Browser view - Local and remote measurements

Protection and Substation Control

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Browser view: Diff. and restraint measurements

Protection and Substation Control

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Comprehensive fault analysis with DIGRA 4

I/A
1,50
1,00
0,50

-0,075

-0,050

-0,025

0,000

0,025

0,050

0,075

0,100

0,125

t/s

-0,00
-0,50
-1,00
-1,50
-2,00

iEe

iL1

iL2

iL3

U/V
80
60
40
20

-0,075

-0,050

-0,025

0,000

0,025

0,050

0,075

0,100

0,125

0
-20
-40
-60
-80

uL1

uL2

uL3

Exact time synchronized fault records from both line ends

Protection and Substation Control

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t/s

Prefault and fault conditions in the vector diagram

Protection and Substation Control

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