CCC Presentation Clean Power 2010 25-6-10
CCC Presentation Clean Power 2010 25-6-10
CCC Presentation Clean Power 2010 25-6-10
Coal
Coal Electricity
Electricity
Fuel cell
Mineral Mineral
Mineral by-
by-
Mineral input
input product
product
AFC
AFC +
+ CCS
CCS
Air
Air (CO
(CO2)
2)
SiO
SiO22
Electrolyte
Electrolyte Electrolyte
Electrolyte
• e.g. mine tailings study at four Canadian & Australian sites: 1-50 kt/CO2/yr per
mine site (CO2 from atmosphere) – rate-limited by silicate mineral dissolution
& depends on local climate [Dipple, 2009]
© Cambridge Carbon Capture 2010 6
CCS Mineralisation – why do it?
• huge capacity (of feedstock minerals) globally distributed >> conventional CCS
• option where no suitable underground oil/gas/aquifer space exists
• geologically stable CO2 storage as limestone – avoids environmental, safety & legacy
concerns of conventional CCS – i.e. higher public acceptability v. “toxic” CO 2
• higher density CO2 storage (1.6tonnes CO2/m3 for MgCO3) >2X supercritical CO2
• endothermic process, in principle (not yet in practice); faster, lower-energy chemistries
available
• materials product value makes mineralisation cheaper than conventional CCS
– JBS economic modelling “CCC best case” electricity is cheaper than unabated coal
• sequestered carbonate matches scale of market for aggregates & fillers in global
construction industry
– global ~5bn tonnes/year CO2 from coal-fired power generation
– 100% mineralisation would generate ~20bn tonnes/yr solid carbonates
– global ~25bn tonnes construction aggregates (of which cement ~3bn tonnes)
• potential by-product materials & process values:
– recovery of residual metals (Fe, Co, Ni, rare-earths, precious metals)
– high-purity silica, bicarbonate chemicals
– cementitious phase carbonates to substitute Portland & pozzolanic cements
– remediation value from carbonation of landfill wastes, mine tailings & hazardous wastes
– CO2 credits from displaced quarrying & cement processes
• Later-stage opportunities
– Utilities: £/MWh coal+MinCCS < £/MWh coal+€15/t
– Cement & concrete industry: low-CO2 manufacturing process
– Construction sector: low-embodied carbon building materials
– CO2 credits & CDM (credit for saving CO2 overseas)
– optimisation of mineralisation chemistry to maximise value of materials throughput
– continuous improvement in serpentine activation processes driven by market demand
• …and it’s only just coming onto the CCS radar screen
Contact:
[email protected]
Cambridge Carbon Capture, Hauser Forum, Charles
Babbage Road, Cambridge, CB3 0GT, UK. 07980-707076