Control Gas Turbine Power Output in Conjuction With Grid Frequency
Control Gas Turbine Power Output in Conjuction With Grid Frequency
Control Gas Turbine Power Output in Conjuction With Grid Frequency
Contact Information
CONTROL GAS TURBINE POWER OUTPUT
IN CONJUCTION WITH GRID FREQUENCE
INTRODUCTION
GOVERNOR COMMANDS
From fire (435 rpm) to FSNL, SYNC(3000 rpm) LCI system is ON + FIRE
LCI system is OFF at 2730 rpm , acceleration control FSRACC
If the gas turbine is started in AUTO with automatic synchronization selected at the
generator panel, the unit will automatically load to a point known as
SPINNING RESERVE
The unit will remain at SPINNING RESERVE until another load command is given or
until a RAISE or LOWER load command is given
When PRESELECTED LOAD is selected, the unit will automatically load or unload at
the automatic loading rate until the preselected load output is attained
The preselected load is a megawatt setting that is site adjustable by changing control
constant LK90PSEL
Once the preselected load level is attained, fuel flow will be controlled to maintain that
megawatt output until another load command is given or until a RAISE or LOWER load
command is given
BASE LOAD
When BASE LOAD is selected, the unit will load (or unload from PEAK) at the normal
loading rate until the unit goes on exhaust temperature control
at this point, the unit is at its nominal rated power out-put for the ambient conditions
When the unit is on exhaust temperature control, fuel flow is regulated to provide the
maximum power for the ambient conditions without over firing the machine
Once at BASE LOAD, the unit will remain there until another load command is given or
a LOWER load command is given
After selecting BASE LOAD, the automatic loading or unloading of the unit may be
aborted by giving a RAISE or LOWER load command
PEAK LOAD
PEAK LOAD is an option and, when selected, the unit will load at the normal loading
rate until the unit goes on peak exhaust temperature control
Similar to operation on BASE, as ambient conditions change, primarily compressor inlet
temperature, the unit's power output will change
When operating on PEAK, the unit is operating at a firing temperature above its design
limit
Once at PEAK LOAD, the unit will remain there until another load command is given or
a LOWER load command is given
After selecting PEAK LOAD, the automatic loading or unloading of the unit may be
aborted by giving a RAISE or LOWER load command.
INTRODUCTION
When selected, a RAISE command will increment the turbine speed reference TNR
With the generator breaker open, selecting RAISE will increase the unit's speed
With the generator breaker closed and the unit on droop control, selecting RAISE will
increase the unit's load
Selecting RAISE is the manual means of increasing the unit's speed or load
LOWER SPEED/LOAD
When selected, a LOWER command will decrement the turbine speed reference TNR
With the generator breaker open, selecting LOWER will de-crease the unit's speed
With the generator breaker closed and the unit on droop control, selecting LOWER will
decrease the unit's load
Selecting LOWER is the manual means of decreasing the unit's speed or load
INTRODUCTION
GAS TURBINE LOAD COMMANDS
GOVERNOR COMMANDS
GOVERNOR
COMMANDS
GOVERNOR
DROOP
ISOCH
ISOCHRONOUS GOVERNOR
Isochronous Speed Control is a form of governor control that is used when a gas turbine
is applied on an isolated system where its speed is not dictated by the system
the speed signal is compared with the speed reference signal and the error is fed
through a proportional and integral speed controller
As long as a difference between signals exists, the isochronous speed control algorithm
will continue to increase or decrease FSR until there is no error signal. This is a fast
acting system which continuously adjusts FSR to hold turbine speed constant in spite of
load changes
Only one unit can be under isochronous speed control at a time. Otherwise, the
separate integral actions will interact, leading to load swings between all units in the
isochronous mode.
DROOP GOVERNOR
If the entire grid system tends to be overloaded, grid frequency (or speed) will decrease
and cause an FSR increase in proportion to the droop setting
A drop in electrical grid frequency indicates that the power generation capability is less
the load demand in the grid. and conversely
A droop governor response used to help maintain an electrical grid at constant
frequency.
Droop speed control is a proportional control, changing called for fuel flow (FSR) in
proportion to the difference between actual turbine speed and the speed reference
Any change in actual speed (grid frequency) will cause inversely proportional change in
unit load
If all units have the same droop, all will share a load increase equally
Load sharing and system stability are the main advantages of this method of speed
control
Constant settable droop speed/load control represent a method of formulating the gas
turbine response as a function of the unit power output.
This method of speed/load control is applied to units where the fuel stroke reference is
not predicable due to
later the load will start to drop off and the speed error will respond by requesting
more fuel flow and the until SRV if fully open.
If
speed error tn_err > 0.7% + tnh > 99.5 % + L52GX = 1 for 5 sec
GOVERNOR COMMANDS
The Stop/Speed Ratio valve (SRV) and the Gas Control Valve (GCV) work
in conjunction to regulate the total fuel flow delivered to the gas turbine.
The GCV controls the desired fuel flow in response to a control system fuel
command, Fuel Stroke Reference (FSR) from the SPEEDTRONIC panel.
The calledforspeed, TNR,
determines the load of the turbine. The range for generator drive turbines is
normally from 95% (min.) to 107% (max.) speed. The startup speed reference is
100.3% and is preset when a START signal is given.
Speed/Load Reference FSRN
The speed control software will change FSR in proportion to the difference between
the actual turbine generator speed (TNH) and the calledfor speed reference (TNR).
By closing the generator breaker and raising TNR via raise/lower, the error between
speed and reference is increased. This error is multiplied by again constant
FSRN is used at part load
Important Equations
TNHSYS = COMPLICATED
= TNH , FILTERED + RATE CONTROLLED
+ STEP ADDER + CURVE
DEADBAND = TNKEDB
INTRODUCTION
GOVERNOR COMMANDS
FROM
0 1
Old mark VI has L83LFL_MODE bias at FSRT