Health Promotion LO1&2
Health Promotion LO1&2
Health Promotion LO1&2
1. To describe the principles, different approaches and strategies used in Health Promotion
2. To identify common issues or problem related to Health Promotion like communication
skills, knowledge of culture and social issues.
3. To discuss the dynamic changes occurring in behavior
4. To design, implement and evaluation of an appropriate health promotion program
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to
increase control over, and to improve, their health. It moves
beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range
of social and environmental interventions.
MULTI
PARTICIPATIVE
STRATEGY
7
PRINCIPLES
(WHO)
SUSTAINABLE HOLISTIC
EQUITABLE
7 PRINCIPLES (WHO)
1. DEVELOPING
PERSONAL SKILLS
KEY
LEVELS
3.
4. DEVELOPING STRENGTHENING
PUBLIC POLICY COMMUNITY
ACTION
OTTAWA CHARTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION
APPROACHES IN HEALTH PROMOTION
1. Medical
2. Behaviour Change
3. Educational
4. Empowerment
5. Social Change
Aim
1. To reduce morbidity and premature mortality
2. To ensure freedom from diseases and disability
Methods :
Medical intervention, risk education
Methods :
Evaluation
Behavior change after the intervention, but
The behavior change is only apparent after a long time.
Difficult to isolate any behavior change as attributable to a health promotion
intervention
3) EDUCATIONAL APPROACH
Aim
1. To provide knowledge and information.
2. To develop the necessary skills for informed choice.
3. The outcome is clients voluntary choice.
Methods
1. Information-giving through interpersonal channels, small groups and
mass media, so that the clients can make an informed choice.
2. Group discussion for sharing and exploring health attitudes
3. Role play for decision-making and negotiating skills
Evaluation
- Knowledge, attitude and practice.
4) EMPOWERMENT
Aim
-Helps people to identify their own needs and concerns, and gain the necessary skills and
confidence to act upon them.
Methods
Counselling, problem solving, community development, advocacy, public participation
Two types of empowerment:
1. Self-empowerment
- based on counselling and aimed at increasing peoples control
over their own lives.
2. Community empowerment
- related to community development to create active,
participating communities which are able to change the world
about them through a programme of action.
Evaluation
1. Outcome evaluation - the extent to which specific aims have been met.
2. Process evaluation - the degree to which the individual and community have been
empowered as a result of the intervention.
5) SOCIAL CHANGE
Aim
1. To bring about changes in physical, social, and economic environment, which enables people
to enjoy better health
2. Radical health promotion - makes the environment supportive of health.
3. To make the healthy choice the easier choice.
4. The focus is on changing society, not on changing the behaviour of individuals.
Methods
- Focus on shaping the health environment
development of healthy public policies and legislation
fiscal measures
creating supportive social and physical environments
lobbying/advocacy
HEALTH
PROMOTION
STRATEGIES
The Ottawa Charter identifies three basic strategies for health promotion.
Problems Poor
Related to compliance
Health
Promotion
Knowledge
-poor
acquisition of Place
knowledge - remote