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    Rivers Fieldwork Intro Presentation

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    GeoBlogs
    This document provides guidance for students to conduct a field study of the River Glaven to analyze how river characteristics change downstream. It introduces the Bradshaw Model, which depicts how variables like depth, width, velocity, and bed material size typically change from a river's upper to lower courses. Students are instructed to make predictions, collect data on cross sections, pebble sizes, and use statistics to draw conclusions on whether the River Glaven follows the typical patterns described by the Bradshaw Model.

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    Rivers Fieldwork Intro Presentation

    Uploaded by

    GeoBlogs
    27 views20 pages
    This document provides guidance for students to conduct a field study of the River Glaven to analyze how river characteristics change downstream. It introduces the Bradshaw Model, which depicts how variables like depth, width, velocity, and bed material size typically change from a river's upper to lower courses. Students are instructed to make predictions, collect data on cross sections, pebble sizes, and use statistics to draw conclusions on whether the River Glaven follows the typical patterns described by the Bradshaw Model.

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    Rivers Fieldwork Intro Presentation Used March 2018

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    This document provides guidance for students to conduct a field study of the River Glaven to analyze how river characteristics change downstream. It introduces the Bradshaw Model, which depicts how variables like depth, width, velocity, and bed material size typically change from a river's upper to lower courses. Students are instructed to make predictions, collect data on cross sections, pebble sizes, and use statistics to draw conclusions on whether the River Glaven follows the typical patterns described by the Bradshaw Model.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views20 pages

    Rivers Fieldwork Intro Presentation

    Uploaded by

    GeoBlogs
    This document provides guidance for students to conduct a field study of the River Glaven to analyze how river characteristics change downstream. It introduces the Bradshaw Model, which depicts how variables like depth, width, velocity, and bed material size typically change from a river's upper to lower courses. Students are instructed to make predictions, collect data on cross sections, pebble sizes, and use statistics to draw conclusions on whether the River Glaven follows the typical patterns described by the Bradshaw Model.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    How does a river change as it travels

    downstream?

    Day 1: River Glaven AIMS:


    Deliver SKILLS requirements of:
    a. Consider the design of fieldwork data collection sheets.
    b. Collect data with an understanding of accuracy, sample size,
    reliability.
    c. Make predictions, and be able to follow them up using data collected.
    d. Be able to identify weaknesses in statistical presentations of data.
    e. Draw and justify conclusions from numerical and statistical data.
    e
    What does a river 'do'?

    • A river erodes
    • Erosion involves the wearing away of rock and soil found along the
    river bed and banks. Erosion also involves the breaking down of the
    rock particles being carried downstream by the river.
    • The four main forms of river erosion
    • Hydraulic action - the force of the river against the banks can cause
    air to be trapped in cracks and crevices. The pressure weakens the
    banks and gradually wears it away.
    • Abrasion - rocks carried along by the river wear down the river bed
    and banks.
    • Attrition - rocks being carried by the river smash together and
    break into smaller, smoother and rounder particles.
    • Solution - soluble particles are dissolved into the river.
    The River Drainage Basin
    Key Terms

    You can complete the activity on the top of page 6 in


    your booklet from now.
    Is the River Glaven going to match this ‘typical’ profile?
    Look at your OS map.
    The Bradshaw Model
    • This model shows what should happen to
    various river characteristics as a river journeys
    from source to mouth along its long profile.
    • There are many changes that occur in rivers as
    a result of changes within the water cycle and
    drainage basin. The diagram on the next slide
    summarises the changes that occur.
    The Bradshaw Model: is a geographical model which describes how a river's characteristics vary between the
    upper course and lower course of a river.

    It is depicted below as a series of triangles:


    •If the triangle gets wider towards the downstream section it means that on average that variable increases with
    increasing distance downstream.
    •If the triangle decreases in size it means that on average the variable decreases with increasing distance towards
    the mouth.

    Key words

    Velocity: how fast the water moves


    over a specified distance (speed =
    distance/time)

    Discharge: the amount of water


    passing a certain point of a river over a
    period of time.

    Channel bed roughness: a measure


    of how much resistance there is to the
    river’s flow.

    Slope angle/Gradient: The degree


    to which something inclines.
    How does a river change as we go downstream?

    Variable Unit How will this change? Why?

    Channel depth

    Channel width

    Wetted perimeter

    Bedload size

    Bedload shape

    Velocity
    Please refer to page 8 in your booklet.
    You can complete the Key Terms list on Page 6.
    Discharge (amount of
    water)

    Gradient
    Our fieldwork on the River Glaven
    • Thinking about what you have just re-capped on
    rivers, you have pages 9, 10 and 11 in your
    booklet to complete before we head out to the
    River.
    • Page 9-What do you expect we will find happens
    to the River? Write three hypotheses to predict.
    • Page 10-What equipment will you use? How? To
    measure what?
    • Page 11-What will you do to obtain the data you
    need? Plan your fieldwork methods.
    Let’s go measure our River!
    Follow up activities.
    • 1. In your groups, complete the two cross
    section drawings to show how the depth of
    the rivers change across their width. Use the
    same scale to make comparisons easier.
    • 2. Complete the follow up activities: pebble
    analysis mean, median and mode statistics
    sheet.
    • 3. Complete the conclusions sheet.

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