The document discusses operating systems and utility programs. It defines an operating system and describes common operating system functions like booting, providing user interfaces, managing memory and devices, and monitoring performance. It also discusses types of operating systems like stand-alone, network, and embedded and provides examples. Finally, it covers common stand-alone utility programs.
The document discusses operating systems and utility programs. It defines an operating system and describes common operating system functions like booting, providing user interfaces, managing memory and devices, and monitoring performance. It also discusses types of operating systems like stand-alone, network, and embedded and provides examples. Finally, it covers common stand-alone utility programs.
The document discusses operating systems and utility programs. It defines an operating system and describes common operating system functions like booting, providing user interfaces, managing memory and devices, and monitoring performance. It also discusses types of operating systems like stand-alone, network, and embedded and provides examples. Finally, it covers common stand-alone utility programs.
The document discusses operating systems and utility programs. It defines an operating system and describes common operating system functions like booting, providing user interfaces, managing memory and devices, and monitoring performance. It also discusses types of operating systems like stand-alone, network, and embedded and provides examples. Finally, it covers common stand-alone utility programs.
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Chapter 8
Operating Systems and
Utility Programs By: James Granahan Objectives • Identify the types of system software • Summarize the startup process • Describe the function of an operating system • Discuss ways that some operating systems help • Explain the purpose of the utilities included with most operating systems • Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems • Identify devices that use operating systems • Explain the purpose of several stand-alone utility programs System Software • System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices. • System software serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware. Operating Systems • An operating system • In most cases, the (OS) is a set of operating system is programs containing installed and resides instructions that on the computer’s coordinate all the hard disk. activities among computer hardware resources. Some Functions of an Operating System • Starting a Computer – Booting is the process of starting or restarting a computer. • Cold Boot • Warm Boot Recovery Disk • A boot drive is the drive from which your personal computer boots (starts). – In most cases, the C drive is the boot drive. • A recovery disk, also called a boot disk, is a floppy, Zip disk, CD, or DVD that contains a few system files that will start that computer. Providing a User Interface • Command-Line Interface – A user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions. • Menu-Driven Interface – Provides menus as a means of entering commands. • Graphical User Interface (GUI) Managing Programs • Single user/single tasking operating system • Single user/ multitasking operating system – Foreground – Background Managing Memory • The purpose of a memory manager is to optimize the use of random access memory. • Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium that the operating system allocates to function as additional RAM. Scheduling Jobs • Job • Buffer • Spooling • Queue Configuring Devices • A driver, short for • Plug and Play is device driver, is a when the operating small program that system tells the operating automatically system how to configures new communicate with a devices as you specific device. install them. Monitoring Performance • A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices. • A network operating system, or network OS, is an operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network. Security • Log on – Accessing a computer or a network • User name or User ID – A unique combination of characters that identifies one specific user. • Password – A private combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources. Operating Systems • File Manager • Image Viewer – A utility that – A utility that allows performs functions users to display and related to file copy the contents of management. a graphics file. Types of Operating Systems • Stand-alone – Examples- DOS, UNIX, and Linux • Network – Examples- NetWare, Windows Server 2003, and Solaris • Embedded – Examples- Windows CE.NET, and Palm OS Examples of Stand-Alone Operating Systems • DOS – Refers to several single user operating systems developed in the early 1980s for personal computers. • Windows XP – It is Microsoft's fastest, most reliable Windows operating system. – It also has three editions- Windows XP Home Edition, Windows XP Professional, and Windows XP Tablet PC Edition. Stand-Alone Operating Systems • A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device. • Some stand-alone operating systems are called client operating systems. Examples continued • Mac OS X – It is a multitasking operating system available only for computers manufactured by Apple. • OS/2 Warp Client • Unix • Linux – It is a popular multitasking UNIX—type operating system. Network Operating Systems • Netware • Linux • Windows Server • Solaris 2003 – It is a version of – It is an upgrade of UNIX developed by Windows 2000 Sun Microsystems. Server. • OS/2 Warp Server for e-business • UNIX Embedded Operating Systems • Windows CE.NET • Pocket PC 2002 • Palm OS • Symbian OS Stand-Alone Utility Programs • Antivirus Programs • Personal Firewalls – Protects a computer – A personal firewall is against viruses by a utility program that identifying and detects and protects removing any a personal computer computer viruses from unauthorized found in memory, on intrusions. storage media, or on incoming files. Summary • This chapter defined an operating system and then discussed the functions common to most operating systems. It also introduced several utility programs that are commonly found in operating systems. Finally, it talked about stand-alone utility programs and their applications.