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    Hydroelectric Power Plants in The Philippines: Boado, Airah Joy M. Gole Cruz, Naomi Aira D Lagasca, Venus Glenda S

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    Naomi Aira Gole Cruz
    Hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines harness hydropower energy and convert it to electricity using simple mechanics. The Philippines' first hydroelectric plant was built in 1913. Several laws passed in the late 20th century promoted private sector investment in hydropower. Hydropower plants utilize various components like turbines, generators, and diversion structures to capture the kinetic energy of moving water and transform it into electric power. The type of turbine used depends on factors like water flow and head. Hydropower provides clean energy but can impact local environments and wildlife.

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    Hydroelectric Power Plants in The Philippines: Boado, Airah Joy M. Gole Cruz, Naomi Aira D Lagasca, Venus Glenda S

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    Naomi Aira Gole Cruz
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    Hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines harness hydropower energy and convert it to electricity using simple mechanics. The Philippines' first hydroelectric plant was built in 1913. Several laws passed in the late 20th century promoted private sector investment in hydropower. Hydropower plants utilize various components like turbines, generators, and diversion structures to capture the kinetic energy of moving water and transform it into electric power. The type of turbine used depends on factors like water flow and head. Hydropower provides clean energy but can impact local environments and wildlife.

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    Hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines harness hydropower energy and convert it to electricity using simple mechanics. The Philippines' first hydroelectric plant was built in 1913. Several laws passed in the late 20th century promoted private sector investment in hydropower. Hydropower plants utilize various components like turbines, generators, and diversion structures to capture the kinetic energy of moving water and transform it into electric power. The type of turbine used depends on factors like water flow and head. Hydropower provides clean energy but can impact local environments and wildlife.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    50 views33 pages

    Hydroelectric Power Plants in The Philippines: Boado, Airah Joy M. Gole Cruz, Naomi Aira D Lagasca, Venus Glenda S

    Uploaded by

    Naomi Aira Gole Cruz
    Hydroelectric power plants in the Philippines harness hydropower energy and convert it to electricity using simple mechanics. The Philippines' first hydroelectric plant was built in 1913. Several laws passed in the late 20th century promoted private sector investment in hydropower. Hydropower plants utilize various components like turbines, generators, and diversion structures to capture the kinetic energy of moving water and transform it into electric power. The type of turbine used depends on factors like water flow and head. Hydropower provides clean energy but can impact local environments and wildlife.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    Hydroelectric Power Plants

    in the Philippines

    Boado, Airah Joy M.


    Gole Cruz, Naomi Aira D
    Lagasca, Venus Glenda S.
    Hydropower Energy
    • Renewable energy that comes from the force of
    moving water
    Hydroelectric Power
    Plants
    • Harness hydropower
    energy and use simple
    mechanics to convert
    that energy into
    electricity.
    • Also known as
    Hydropower plants
    Hydropower Plants in the Philippines
    • 1913 – Camp John Hay Hydroelectric
    Powerplant in Baguio City (560KW)
    • 1936 – Commonwealth Act No. 120 created the
    National Power Corporation (NPC). The law
    nationalized the hydroelectric power industry
    and reserved for the use of NPC all streams,
    lakes, and rivers in the country where power
    may be developed, subject to existing rights
    • 1979 – Presidential Decree 1645 mandated the
    National Electrification Administration (NEA) to
    develop the country's small-scale hydropower
    potentials (mini-hydro).
    • 1987 – Executive order No. 215 was approved
    allowing private sector participation in power
    generation activities
    • 1990 - Republic Act. No. 6957 or the BOT/BT Law
    ▫ authorizing the financing, construction, operation and
    maintenance of infrastructure projects by the private
    sector.
    • 1991 - Republic Act No. 7156 in 1991 (Mini-
    Hydroelectric Power Incentives Act)
    • 1994 – Republic Act No. 7718 (BOT, BOO, BT
    Law)
    • Electric Power Industry Reform Act 2001 also
    known as R.A. 9136 was passed which mandates
    the privatization of National Power Corporation
    (NPC)
    These laws paved the way for NPC to offer
    specific hydropower projects with capacities
    ranging from 5 MW to 50 MW to the private
    sector under a BOT scheme.
    Sizes of Hydropower Plants
    • Large Hydropower (more than 10 MW)
    ▫ Total production cost is $40-110/MWh
    ▫ Ambuklao Hydroelectric Power Plant in Bokod,
    Benguet (105 MW)
    • Small Hydropower (101 kW to 10 MW)
    • Total production cost is $45-120/MWh
    ▫ Talomo Hydro 3 in Davao City (1.92 MW)
    • Micro Hydropower (up to 100 kW)
    • Total production cost is $55-185/MWh
    Lists of Hydro in the Philippines
    Station Capacity Operator Commissione Location Status
    (MW) d
    Agus 1 80.00 1994 Marawi City, Lanao del Sur Operational

    Hydroelectric Power
    Plant
    Agua-Grande 80.00 1983 Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte Operational
    Hydroelectric Power
    Plant
    Agus 6 200.00 1953, 1977 Iligan City, Lanao del Norte Operational

    Hydroelectric Power
    Plant
    Agusan 2 1.60 First Gen 1957 Manolo Fort ich, Damilag, Bukidnon Operational
    Corporation
    Hydroelectric Power
    Plant
    Ambuklao Hydroelectric 105.00 2011 Bokod, Benguet Operational
    Power Plant
    Lon – oy Hydro 1.3.60 1993 Lon-oy, San Gabriel. La Union Operational
    Talomo Hydro 2B 0.30 2005 Brgy. Mintal, Davao City Operational
    Talomo Hydro 3 1.92 2005 Brgy. CatalunanPequeno, Davao Operational
    City
    Sabangan Hydro 14.00 2015 Sabangan, Mt. Province Under – Construction
    LinaoCawayan 3.00 2014 Oriental Mindoro Operational
    HOW HYDROPOWER
    PLANTS WORK
    THREE GORGES DAM

    • Largest dam by 2006


    • China
    • 22500 MW Capacity
    SAN ROQUE MULTI-PURPOSE DAM
    • US $1.19 Billion
    • 345 MW in San Manuel, Pangasinan
    • Used for irrigation, flood control, water quality
    improvement and power generation
    IMPOUNDMENT
    DIVERSION OR RUN-OF-RIVER
    La Trinidad 19-MW Hydropower
    • P 1.7 billion project
    • Owned by Aboitiz
    KALAYAAN PUMPED STORAGE
    POWER PLANT
    - Built in 1982
    -Kalayaan Stage 1
    (336 MW)
    -Kalayaan Stage 2
    (348.6 MW)
    COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER
    • Intake Structure
    ▫ a structure which collects the water from the
    forebay and directs it into the penstocks. There
    are different types of intake structures are
    available and selection of type of intake structure
    depends on various local conditions.
    COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER
    • Surge Chamber
    ▫ A surge chamber or
    surge tank is a
    cylindrical tank
    which is open at the
    top to control the
    pressure in penstock.
    It is connected to the
    penstock and as
    close as possible to
    the power house.
    COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER
    • Power House
    ▫ a building provided to
    protect the hydraulic and
    electrical equipment.
    Generally, the whole
    equipment is supported by
    the foundation or
    substructure laid for the
    power house.
    COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER
    • Tailrace
    ▫ Tailrace is the flow of
    water from turbines to
    the stream. It is good if
    the power house is
    located nearer to the
    stream. But, if it is
    located far away from
    the stream then it is
    necessary to build a
    channel for carrying
    water into the stream.
    COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER
    • Hydraulic Turbines
    ▫ a device which can convert the hydraulic energy
    into the mechanical energy which again converted
    into the electrical energy by coupling the shaft of
    turbine to the generator.
    Types of Hydropower Turbines
    •  The type of hydropower turbine selected for a
    project is based on the height of standing water
    and the flow, or volume of water, at the site.
    • Other deciding factors include how deep the
    turbine must be set, efficiency, and cost.
    Cross-flow Turbines
    • The water enters as a flat sheet rather than a
    round jet. It is guided on to the blades, travels
    across the turbine and meets the blades a second
    time as it leaves.
    Types of Hydropower Turbines
    • Impulse Turbine
    ▫ Pelton
    ▫ Cross-Flow
    • Reaction Turbine
    ▫ Propeller
    ▫ Bulb Turbine
    ▫ Kaplan
    ▫ Francis
    IMPULSE TURBINE
    • Generally uses the velocity of the water to move
    the runner and discharges to atmospheric
    pressure. 
    • There is no suction on the down side of the
    turbine, and the water flows out the bottom of
    the turbine housing after hitting the runner.
    • Suitable for high head, low flow applications.
    PELTON
    • Are the preferred turbine
    for sites with heads above
    250 metres or more.
    • basically a wheel with a set
    of double cups or ‘buckets’
    mounted around the rim.
    The power can be varied by
    adjusting the jet size to
    change the volume flow
    rate, or by deflecting the
    entire jet away from the
    wheel
    REACTION TURBINE
    • Develops power from the combined action of
    pressure and moving water. 
    • The runner is placed directly in the water stream
    flowing over the blades rather than striking each
    individually.
    • Reaction turbines are generally used for sites
    with lower head and higher flows than compared
    with the impulse turbines.
    PROPELLER TURBINES
    • has a runner with three to
    six blades in which the
    water contacts all of the
    blades constantly.
    • weep their blades through
    the entire area which the
    water enters, and are
    therefore suitable for very
    large volume flows and
    have become usual where
    the head is only a few
    metres. 
    Kaplan Turbines
    • are axial turbines where the blade angle may be
    varied to improve efficiency.
    FRANCIS TURBINES
    • most common type in
    present-day medium- or
    large-scale plants
    • used in locations where
    the head may be as low as
    2 m or as high as 200 m
    • efficiencies as high as
    95%
    BULB TURBINE
    • The turbine and generator are a sealed unit
    placed directly in the water stream.
    Advantages
    • Hydropower is a fuelled by water, so it's a clean fuel
    source.
    • Hydropower doesn'tpollute the air like power plants
    that burnfossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas.
    • Hydropower relies on the water cycle,which is
    driven by the sun, thus it's arenewable power
    source.
    • Hydropower is generally available asneeded;
    Engineers can control the flow ofwater through the
    turbines to produceelectricity on demand.
    • Hydropower plants provide benefits in addition to
    clean electricity.
    Disadvantages
    • Fish populations can be impacted if fish cannot
    migrate upstream past impoundment dams to
    spawning grounds or if they cannot migrate
    downstream to the ocean
    • Hydropower can impact water quality and flow
    • Hydropower plants can be impacted by drought
    • New hydropower facilities impact the local
    environment and may compete with other
    • uses for the land

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