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    Unit - 2: Cad & Reverse Engineering

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    rajesh
    The document discusses reverse engineering and digitization techniques. It provides an overview of reverse engineering as reconstructing an object by capturing its dimensions and features to generate a CAD model. Reverse engineering is used to reduce costs for new products, replace discontinued parts, and address issues like lost design files. Digitization techniques can be contact-based, using tools like CMMs, or non-contact using scanners. Non-contact methods avoid potential surface damage and allow faster, more complete inspection during production.

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    Unit - 2: Cad & Reverse Engineering

    Uploaded by

    rajesh
    62 views29 pages
    The document discusses reverse engineering and digitization techniques. It provides an overview of reverse engineering as reconstructing an object by capturing its dimensions and features to generate a CAD model. Reverse engineering is used to reduce costs for new products, replace discontinued parts, and address issues like lost design files. Digitization techniques can be contact-based, using tools like CMMs, or non-contact using scanners. Non-contact methods avoid potential surface damage and allow faster, more complete inspection during production.

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    The document discusses reverse engineering and digitization techniques. It provides an overview of reverse engineering as reconstructing an object by capturing its dimensions and features to generate a CAD model. Reverse engineering is used to reduce costs for new products, replace discontinued parts, and address issues like lost design files. Digitization techniques can be contact-based, using tools like CMMs, or non-contact using scanners. Non-contact methods avoid potential surface damage and allow faster, more complete inspection during production.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    62 views29 pages

    Unit - 2: Cad & Reverse Engineering

    Uploaded by

    rajesh
    The document discusses reverse engineering and digitization techniques. It provides an overview of reverse engineering as reconstructing an object by capturing its dimensions and features to generate a CAD model. Reverse engineering is used to reduce costs for new products, replace discontinued parts, and address issues like lost design files. Digitization techniques can be contact-based, using tools like CMMs, or non-contact using scanners. Non-contact methods avoid potential surface damage and allow faster, more complete inspection during production.

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    UNIT - 2

    CAD & REVERSE ENGINEERING


    Basic concept
    • Reverse Engineering (RE) is the process of
    generating a Computer Aided Design
    (CAD)model from an existing physical part.
    • It enables the reconstruction of an object by
    capturing the component's physical dimensions
    and geometrical features .
    • The main aim of reverse engineering is to
    reduce manufacturing costs of the new
    product, making it competitive in market.
    Need for Reverse Engineering
    • Manufacture of service components after
    discontinuation of the product line.
    • Redesign of an existing design which lacks
    adequate product data documentation.
    • Corrupt data file or loss of CAD design for a
    product.
    • Generation of cheaper alternate products as a
    substitute for monopoly products.
    Digitizing
    • Collecting data from physical part.
    • Used when drawing of object is not available.
    • Aim is to generate a 3D mapping of the
    product in the form of CAD file.
    • This requires acquisition of surface data,
    which is large number of points on the product
    surface.

    4
    Digitization techniques

    Non-contact reverse engineering digitization


    Techniques

    Contact reverse engineering digitization


    Techniques
    Digitization techniques
    Contact method Non contact method
    • Requires contact between • Uses light as the main tool
    the component surface & a • Uses white light or laser
    measuring tool. scanners to scan 3D objects
    • Uses Coordinate Measuring to generate CAD design.
    Machine (CMM),
    electromagnetic digitizer or
    sonic digitizers to get
    desired coordinates.

    6
    REVERSE ENGINEERING
    CONTACT BASED
    • Contact based methods of reverse engineering
    have been available for nearly 40 years.
    • The first method of reverse engineering to be
    introduced was the coordinate measuring
    machine (CMM)
    • A CMM gives physical representation of a three
    dimensional Cartesian coordinate system
    Types of CMM Configurations
    1. Cantilever Type
    2. Bridge Type
    3. Column Type
    4. Gantry Type
    5. Horizontal Arm Type
    Cantilever Type
    Bridge Type
    Column Type
    Gantry Type
    Horizontal Type
    Noncontact Inspection Techniques
    Uses a sensor or probe located a certain distance away
    from the object being measured or gaged
    • Two categories:
    Optical – uses light to accomplish the inspection
    Non-optical - uses energy form other than light

    • Advantages of noncontact inspection:


    Avoids possible damage to surface of object
    Inherently faster than contact inspection
    Can often be accomplished in production without
    additional part handling
    Increased opportunity for 100% inspection
    Optical Inspection Method- Machine Vision
    • It is the creation of image and the collection of data derived
    from the image and subsequent processing and interpretation
    od data by a computer from useful application.
    • It is also known as computer vision
    • Machine vision exists in 2D & 3D format with 2D being most
    common in industrial application.

    • Machine vision has 3 functions:


     Image acquisition and digitization
     Image processing and analysis
     Interpretation
    Optical Inspection Method- Machine Vision
    • Image acquisition and digitization
     It is performed by deploying a video camera to capture the image and
    use digitizing system to store image data for subsequent analysis.
     The camera is focused upon surface of item of interest and image
    consists of discrete pixel elements is captured by viewing area.
     Each pixel value has value proportional to light intensity of portion of
    scene.
     The intensity value of each pixel is converted into digital value by
    analog to digital converter.
    • Image processing and analysis
     A number of technique have been developed so that data
    produced during first phase of machine vision may be processed.
     General techniques are called segmentation and feature
    extraction
    • Interpretation
     Interpretation of the image is concerned with recognizing
    the object recognition, and/or pattern recognition.
     Two commonly-used interpretation techniques are
    Template matching:- a method whereby the features of the
    image are compared against corresponding features of a
    model or template stored in the computer memory
    Feature weighting:- technique in which several features are
    combined into a single measure by assigning a weight to each
    feature according to its relative importance in identifying the
    object, and where the resultant score is compared against an
    ideal object score stored in computer memory, to achieve
    proper identification
    Non Contact Inspection method
    Additive Manufacturing Technology

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