AMITY INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

BCA
Semester-III
Object Oriented Programming Using
Java
Prof(Dr)Laxmi Ahuja
Learning Objectives
•Imparting java programming skill to students

•Knowledge of object oriented paradigm in

context of Java programming language

•Designing desktop applications using latest

Java based API
 Contents to be Covered
• Applications of JAVA
• How Java is different from C++
• Standalone Java Program
• Features of JAVA
APPLICATIONS OF JAVA
• Android Applications
• Financial Services Industries :Payment gateway services, server side applications
• Java Web Applications: Govt sites ,defence,Insurance,Health care,Educational web sites and
many other departments have their web Application built in Java
• Software Tools: Many software and development tools like Net Beans,Eclipse and many
more IDE are developed in Java
• BIG DATA Technologies: Many social networking websites like facebook,twitter generates
lots of data to manage that huge data technologies like Hadoop and other developed in java
• Scientific Applications: Because of its Security,portable,platform Independent features
• J2ME Applications:
• Embedded Systems: Java used in Embedded systems
How Does Java Compares to C++
and Other OO Languages
Overlap of C, C++, Java,Python

C++

C Java
 JAVA And Python
Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language.
Java has a syntax similar to C and C++ but with low-level difficulties

Java is platform-independent (WORA – Write Once Run Anywhere) meaning compiled java code can
run on different platforms without recompilation.

// Java program to print hello world

import java.io.*;

class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}
 JAVA And Python
PYTHON JAVA

• Python has generally fewer lines • Java has long lines of code.
of code. • Java has a large number of
• Python is heavily used for Frameworks. Popular ones are
Machine Learning, Deep Spring, Hibernate, etc.
Learning, and so on. Python also
has two very popular
frameworks for web application • The syntax is complex as it
development, Flask and Django. throws errors if you miss
semicolons or curly braces.
• The syntax is easy to remember
almost similar to human
language.
Cont..
PYTHON JAVA

• Less line no of code, Rapid • Self-memory management,

deployment, and dynamic Robust, Platform independent
typing. • Java is faster in speed as
• Python is slower since it uses an compared to python.
interpreter and also determines
the data type at run time
• Java supports Single
• Python supports multiple
Inheritance. Inheritance.
Cont…

JAVA
PYTHON
 JAVA and C
Java is lot like C but difference is java is object oriented language

• Java does not include C keywords like sizeof and typedef

• No data types like struct and union in C
• Modifiers like auto ,extern,register,signed and unsigned are not
defined by Java
• Java does not support explicit pointer type
• Java does not have preprocessor therefore we cannot use
#include,#define
• Java adds new operator such as instanceof and >>>
• Java adds labelled break and continue statements
• Java adds many features required for OOP
 Java better than C++ ?
• No Preprocessors
• No Global Variables
• No Goto statements
• No Pointers
• No Unsafe Structures
• No Multiple Inheritance
• No Operator Overloading
• Java has replace destructor function with finalize()
function
• Does not have template classes as in c++
Standalone Java
Program
 First Java Program
class sample
{
public static void main(String[] arg)
{
System.out.println(“Java Is better than c++);
}}
 Class declaration
Class sample
declares a class which is an object oriented construct

As Java is a true object oriented language and therefore

everything must be placed inside a class

public static void main(String args[])

This line defines a method main which is similar to the main()

function in C/C++
Every java application prog must include the main() method as
this is the starting point for the interpreter to begin the execution
of the program.
A java application has n number of classes but only one of them
must include a main method to initiate the execution
Keyword public is an access specifier and therefore making it accessible to
all other classes

Static: static declares this method as one of the class The main must always
be declared as static, since the interpreter uses this method before any objects
are created

Void: void states that the main method does not return any value but simply
prints some text to the screen.

String args[]: declares a parameter named args,which contain an array of

objects of the class type String
System.out.println
Similar to the printf() statement of C println method is a
member of the out object, which is static data member of the
system class

SYSTEM---CLASS
OUT----OBJECT
PRINTLN---METHOD
• The main() method
public static void main(String args[]){
...
}
public--- the interpreter can call it
static ----It is a static method belonging to the class
void -----It does not return a value
String----It always has an array of String objects as its formal parameter.
the array contains any arguments passed to the program on the
command line
The source file’s name must match the class name which main
method is in
 Features of JAVA
• SIMPLE
• OBJECT ORIENTED
• PORTABLE
• COMPILE AND INTERPRETED
• PLATFORM INDEPENDENT
• SECURE
• ROBUST
• ARCHITECTURE NEUTRAL
• HIGH PERFORMANCE
• MULTITHREADED
• DISTRIBUTED
• DYNAMIC
Sun describes it as

"A simple, object-oriented, distributed, interpreted, robust, secure, architecture neutral, portable, high-
performance, multi-threaded and dynamic language."

20
SIMPLE
• Java is simple as its syntax are simple and based on C++ ,easy to understand
• java design is easy to use, write, compile and debug and learn, then other
programming languages
• Removed complicated and rarely used features like operator overloading etc.
• No need of removing unreferenced objects because there is an Auto garbage
Collection in Java
• Java omits many rarely used, poorly understood, confusing features of C++.
OBJECT ORIENTED
• The object model in java is simple and easy to extend

Object –oriented design is a technology that focuses design on the data

(object) and on the interfaces to it.

Everything is an object, everything will become a class in Java.

Every java program, in top- level view, is classes. Java focusses on the
creation of classes and objects. Every Java program begins with a
central class or object
• Java is object-oriented programming .
 Portable
• Java Facilitates to carry the Java bytecode to any platform, it
does not require any implementation

• Translating a Java program into byte code helps makes it

much easier to run a program in a wide variety of
environments

• JVM needs to be implemented for each platform. Once the

run-time package exits for a given system, any java program
can run on it.
 Compiled and Interpreted
Usually, a computer language is either compiled or interpreted

• Java combines both(compilation and interpretation) these

approaches thus making java a two-sage system

• First, Java compiler translates source code into what is

known as bytecode instructions

Bytecode are not machine instructions and therefore ,

• Second stage Java interpreter generates machine code that
can be directly executed by the machine that is running the
java program
 BYTE CODE
SOURCE CODE

PROCESS OF COMPILATION

PROCESS OF INTERPRETATION
Java is Compiled and Interpreted
Hardware and
Programmer
Operating System

Source Code Byte Code

Text Editor Compiler Interpreter

.java file .class file
Notepad, javac java
emacs,vi appletviewer
netscape
Interpreted Languages
Programmer

Source Code Object Executable

Code Code
Text Editor Compiler linker
.c file .o file a.out file
Notepad,
emacs,vi
PlatForm Independent (Write Once Run
Anywhere)WORE
• Java can be compiled at one platform and executed
on another platform.
• Program written in windows can run on Linux and
Mac or any operating system because of class file
but these environment should have JVM.
Secure—JVM,Security Manager, No pointers, Access modifiers, Exception Handling, Own
Memory Management

• Virus free programs can be developed in Java because of its JVM feature
• JVM verify the bytecode before it run and make sure that prog is not making any
unsafe operations
• JVM provides layer of Security Manager which gives assurance to programmer
that no malicious code access any API features.
• Java provides access modifiers to hide codes.
• Java provides features of exception handling
• JVM handles memory management and garbage collector features in Java and
frees the programmer from all these issues
 Robust
• Java is robust language .It gives feature of Fault Tolerant
• It provides many safeguards to ensure reliable code. It has strict compile time and runtime checking
for data types.
• It has several features designed to avoid crashes during program execution, including:

• No pointer arithmetic
• Garbage collection--no bad addresses
• It incorporates the concept of exception handling which captures errors and eliminate the risk of
crashing the system
• Interfaces and exceptions

The single biggest difference between Java and C/C++ is that Java has “a inner safe pointer-model”,
therefore it eliminates the possibility of overwriting memory and corrupting data, so programmers feel
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Java is architecture-Neutral

A Java program will run identically (except for speed) on every

platform. Unlike most languages, which can have a different
implementation on every platform
High Performance
• Java is Faster because Java bytecode is close to native code
but still slower than compiled languages

• Java performance is impressive for an interpreted language,

mainly due to the use of intermediate bytecode.

• Incorporation of multithreading enhances the overall

execution speed of java programs
Multi Threading
• A Thread is like a separate program ,executing concurrently. We can write java programs that
deals with many tasks at once by defining multiple threads.

• Divide big Process into small task

• Small task gets executed simultaneously and increase the speed of software

• Multithreaded means handling multiple tasks simultaneously. Java supports multiple programs.

• Java supports multithreaded programming, which allows you to write programs that do many
things simultaneously. The java run-time system comes with an elegant yet sophisticated solution
for multi-process synchronization that enables you to construct smoothly running interactive
systems This means that we need not wait for the application to finish one task before beginning
another.

• For example we can listen to an audio clip while scrolling a page and at the same time download
an applet from a distant computer.
 Distributed
• Java facilitates user to create distributed applications in java

• Java applications can open and access remote objects on internet

as easily as they can do in a local system.

• Java includes features for intra-address-space messaging. This

allows objects on two different computers to execute procedures
remotely. Basically, Java is for Net-Work application, for WEB
project.

• Oriented towards client/server systems rather than true distributed

systems
 Dynamic
• Java supports dynamic loading of classes i.e. classes are loaded on
demand

• Java is a dynamic language. Java is capable of dynamically linking in

new libraries ,methods and objects. Java can also determine the type
of class through a query, making it possible to either dynamically link
or abort the program

• New objects can easily be created, and new classes can be loaded
as the program runs.
 QUIZ
Select all the core concepts of OOPS.
1.Abstraction
2. Inheritance
3. Interface
4. Polymorphism
5. Generics

Which of the following is not a Java features?

1. Dynamic
2. Architecture Neutral
3. Use of pointers
4. Object-oriented

What makes the Java platform independent?

5. Advanced programming language
6. It uses bytecode for execution
7. Class compilation
8. All of these
Who invented Java Programming?
a) Guido van Rossum
b) James Gosling
c) Dennis Ritchie
d) Bjarne Stroustrup

Which of the following is not an OOPS concept in Java?

a) Polymorphism
b) Inheritance
c) Compilation
d) Encapsulation

Which of the following is a type of polymorphism in Java Programming?

a) Multiple polymorphism
b) Compile time polymorphism
c) Multilevel polymorphism
d) Execution time polymorphism
What is the entry point of a program in Java?

main() method
The first line of code
Last line of code
main class

What is the process of defining more than one method in a

class differentiated by method signature?
a) Function overriding
b) Function overloading
c) Function doubling
d) None of the mentioned
Which feature of Java makes it possible to run a Java program on different platforms?

A.Object-Oriented
B.Platform-Independent
C.Syntax
D.Memory Management

Which one of the following is true for Java

• A. Java is object-oriented and interpreted
• B. Java is efficient and faster than C
• C. Java is the choice of everyone.
• D. Java is not robust.

JDK stands for ____.

1. Java development kit
2. Java deployment kit
3. JavaScript deployment kit
4. None of these
THANK YOU