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    Bss General Antariksha

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    Antariksha Singh
    The document provides an overview of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) in a GSM network. The BSS manages the radio interface and consists of base transceiver stations (BTS), base station controllers (BSC), and transcoding and rate adaptation units (TRAU). The BTS houses the radio transceivers and handles the radio link protocols. The BSC controls and manages the BTSs and performs functions like handover and frequency hopping. The TRAU compresses speech for transmission between the BSC and mobile switching center (MSC). Standards for the BSS are maintained by 3GPP.

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    Bss General Antariksha

    Uploaded by

    Antariksha Singh
    129 views30 pages
    The document provides an overview of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) in a GSM network. The BSS manages the radio interface and consists of base transceiver stations (BTS), base station controllers (BSC), and transcoding and rate adaptation units (TRAU). The BTS houses the radio transceivers and handles the radio link protocols. The BSC controls and manages the BTSs and performs functions like handover and frequency hopping. The TRAU compresses speech for transmission between the BSC and mobile switching center (MSC). Standards for the BSS are maintained by 3GPP.

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    The document provides an overview of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) in a GSM network. The BSS manages the radio interface and consists of base transceiver stations (BTS), base station controllers (BSC), and transcoding and rate adaptation units (TRAU). The BTS houses the radio transceivers and handles the radio link protocols. The BSC controls and manages the BTSs and performs functions like handover and frequency hopping. The TRAU compresses speech for transmission between the BSC and mobile switching center (MSC). Standards for the BSS are maintained by 3GPP.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    129 views30 pages

    Bss General Antariksha

    Uploaded by

    Antariksha Singh
    The document provides an overview of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) in a GSM network. The BSS manages the radio interface and consists of base transceiver stations (BTS), base station controllers (BSC), and transcoding and rate adaptation units (TRAU). The BTS houses the radio transceivers and handles the radio link protocols. The BSC controls and manages the BTSs and performs functions like handover and frequency hopping. The TRAU compresses speech for transmission between the BSC and mobile switching center (MSC). Standards for the BSS are maintained by 3GPP.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    BSS Base Station Subsystem

    Module Objectives:
    BSS architecture Purpose Elements in BSS Who maintains the Standards Uses and functioning of element BSS maintenance Understanding of Interfaces Questionnaire

    BSS Architecture

    BSS is a RAN (Radio Access Network).

    Why RAN?????? Its purpose is to manage the radio link between mobile phones and a telecommunication core network. Different Types of Access Networks: In GSM it is called as GRAN-GSM Radio Access Network.-It provides access to both Circuit switched
    (CS) and Packet switched (PS) core networks.

    GERAN-GERAN is the radio part of GSM/EDGE Network. It is essentially the same as GRAN

    but specifying the inclusion of EDGE packet radio services. A mobile phone
    operator's network comprises one or more GERANs-through which phone calls and packet data are routed from and to the PSTN and Internet to and from subscriber handsets. The standards for GERAN are maintained by the 3GPP. UTRAN-UMTS radio access network

    Note: It is also possible for a single handset/phone to be simultaneously connected to multiple radio access networks. Handsets capable of this are sometimes called dual-mode handsets. For instance it is common today for handsets to support both GSM and UMTS (a.k.a. "3G") radio access technologies. It is then possible to seamlessly transfer an ongoing call between different radio access networks without the user noticing any disruption in service .

    BSS Elements
    One or more BTSs (Base Transceiver Station) BSC (Base Station Controller) TRAU (Transcoding Rate and Adaptation Unit)

    Base Transceiver Station (BTS)


    The BTS houses the radio transceivers that define a cell and handles the radio link protocols with the MS (Mobile Station). BTS contains the equipment for transmitting and receiving of radio signals (between BSC and MS), antennas, equipment for modulation, encrypting and decrypting communications with the BSC.

    BTS and Cell

    The BTS corresponds to the transceivers and antennas used in each cell of the network

    BTS
    Its transmitting power defines the size of a cell . Each BTS has between 1 and 16 transceivers, depending on the density of users in the cell. This is achieved by sectorization. Each BTS serves a single cell.

    BTS
    A base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site is a physical site that facilitates wireless communication between the user equipment (UE) and a network. UEs are devices like handsets, WLL phones, computers with wireless internet (Data Card) connectivity, WiFi and WiMAX gadgets etc. The network can be that of any of the wireless communication technologies like GSM,CDMA, WLL, WAN, WiFi and WiMAX etc. . In GSM, it communicates in uplink and downlink directions.

    BTS
    BTS is also referred to as the radio base station (RBS), node B (in 3G Networks) or, simply, the base station (BS). For discussion of the LTE standard the abbreviation eNB for enhanced node B is widely used.

    Architecture of a BTS
    Antennas facilitate the functioning of BTS . TRXs which serve several different frequencies in different sectors of the cell (in the case of sectorised base stations). A BTS is controlled by a parent base station controller via the base station control function (BCF) . The BCF is implemented as a discrete unit or even incorporated in a TRX in compact base stations.

    BTS
    Transceiver (TRX) are also called as (DRX) driver receiver. Power amplifier (PA)- Amplifies the signal from DRX for transmission through antenna; may be integrated with DRX. Combiner Combines I/O feeds from several TRXs. So that they could be sent out through a single antenna. Allows for a reduction in the number of antenna used. Duplexer For separating sending and receiving signals to/from antenna. Does sending and receiving signals through the same antenna ports (cables to antenna).

    BTS Functions
    Alarm extension system Collects working status alarms of various units in the BTS and extends them to operations and maintenance (O&M) monitoring stations. Control function Control and manages the various units of BTS including any software. On-the-spot configurations, status changes, software upgrades, etc. are done through the control function. Base Band Receiver Unit (BBU): Frequency hopping, signal DSP, etc..

    BBU Functions
    Encoding, encrypting, multiplexing, modulating, and feeding the RF signals to the antenna. Transcoding and rate adaptation. Time and frequency synchronizing. Voice through full- or half-rate services. Decoding, decrypting, and equalizing received signals. Random access detection. Timing advances. Uplink channel measurements.

    Different Type of Antennas

    Antennas
    Panel Antenna

    BTS-BSC Interface

    The BTS and the BSC communicate across the specified Abis interface, enabling operations between components that are made by different suppliers.-Means BTS and BSC can be from two different manufacturer. A separate high-speed line (T1 or E1) is then connected from the BSS to the Mobile MSC.

    Base Station Controller


    BSC includes a control cabinet and equipment cabinet. The amount of constituent modules depend on no of PCM links to be managed.

    BSC Functions
    Frequency hopping, handover, performs radio signal management functions for base transceiver stations, frequency assignment and handoff ,traffic measurement. Power Control

    Transcoder Unit (TCU)


    TCU cabinet contains shelves managing PCM links. No of shelves depend on no of PCM links to be connected to MSC.

    TRAU-Transcoding and Rate Adaptation Unit (TRAU)


    Also called as TCU(Transcoder units). TRAU, inserted between the BSC and MSC, enables speech compression and data rate adaptation . The TRAU is designed to reduce transmission costs by minimizing transmission resources between the BSC and MSC. HOW This is achieved by reducing the number of PCM links going to the BSC, since four traffic channels can be handled by one PCM time slot.

    What does a BTS Do?


    BTS broadcasts information about its identity on a channel (BCCH). Mobile monitors this channel so that mobile will know to which cell it belongs to. Location Update/Registration: in which cell mobile is serving. Authentication. Radio Transmission Measurements.-Measurements include Power level, Interference, Quality of the link. Based on these Measurements BTS does: - Power Control - Call clearing - Inter cell-handover b/w BTSs - Intra cell-handover b/w the sectors

    What are the components of the GSM network? MS, BTS, BSC, MSC, HLR, VLR, AuC, EIR, GMSC

    What is the function of the BTS? Base Transceiver Station. The BTS comprises the radio transmission and reception devices, and also manages the signal processing related to the air interface.
    What is the function of the BSC? Base Station Controller. The BSC manages the radio interface, mainly through the allocation, release and handover of radio channels.

    What is the function of the MSC? Mobile Switching Centre. The MSC is basically an ISDN-switch, coordinating and setting up calls to and from MSs. An Inter-Working Function (IWF) may be required to adapt GSM specific rates to that used in a particular PSTN/ PLMN. What are the components of the MSC? HLR, VLR, AuC, EIR What is the function of the HLR? Home Location Register. The HLR database is used to store permanent and semi-permanent subscriber data; as such, the HLR will always know in which location area the MS is (assuming the MS is in a coverage area), and this data is used to locate an MS in the event of a MS terminating call set-up.

    What is the function of the VLR? Visitor Location Register. The VLR contains all the subscriber data, both permanent and temporary, which are necessary to control a MS in the MSCs coverage area. The VLR is commonly realized as an integral part of the MSC, rather than a separate entity. What is the function of the AuC? AuC stands for Authentication Centre. The AuC database contains the subscriber authentication keys and the algorithm required to calculate the authentication parameters to be transferred to the HLR.

    Thank You!

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