B ENGINE

SECTION

ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM

CO

CO

CONTENTS
QR25DE
PRECAUTIONS ......................................................... 3 . Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER" ................................................................. 3 . Precautions for Liquid Gasket ................................. 3 . REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET ......................... 3 . LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE 3 ..... PREPARATION .......................................................... 5 . Special Service Tools .............................................. 5 . Commercial Service Tools ....................................... 5 . PREPARATION FOR CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT ............................................................ 6 . OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS ......................... 7 . Troubleshooting Chart ............................................. 7 . COOLING SYSTEM ................................................... 9 . Cooling Circuit ......................................................... 9 . ENGINE COOLANT ................................................. 11 . Inspection .............................................................. 11 . LEVEL CHECK .................................................. 11 . LEAK CHECK .................................................... 11 . Changing Engine Coolant ..................................... 11 . DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT ........................ 11 . REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ....................... 12 . FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ........................ 14 . RADIATOR ............................................................... 15 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 15 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 15 . INSTALLATION .................................................. 15 . Disassembly and Assembly .................................. 16 . PREPARATION ................................................. 16 . DISASSEMBLY .................................................. 16 . ASSEMBLY ........................................................ 17 . INSPECTION ..................................................... 19 . Disassembly and Assembly of Radiator Fan ......... 20 . DISASSEMBLY .................................................. 20 . ASSEMBLY ........................................................ 20 . Radiator Cap ......................................................... 20 . CHECKING RADIATOR CAP ............................. 20 . CHECKING RADIATOR ..................................... 21 . WATER PUMP .......................................................... 22 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 22 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 22 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ...................... 22 . INSTALLATION ................................................... 23 . INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ............... 23 . THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING ..... 24 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 24 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 24 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ...................... 25 . INSTALLATION ................................................... 25 . WATER CONTROL VALVE ...................................... 26 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 26 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 26 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ...................... 27 . INSTALLATION ................................................... 27 . SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ..... 28 . Capacity ................................................................. 28 . Thermostat ............................................................ 28 . Water Control Valve ............................................... 28 . Radiator ................................................................. 28 .

VQ35DE
PRECAUTIONS ........................................................ 29 . Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER" ............................................................... 29 . Precautions for Liquid Gasket ............................... 29 . REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET SEALING ....... 29 . LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE 29 ... PREPARATION ........................................................ 31 . Special Service Tools ............................................ 31 . Commercial Service Tools ..................................... 31 . PREPARATION FOR CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT .......................................................... 32 . OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS ........................ 33 . Troubleshooting Chart ........................................... 33 . COOLING SYSTEM ................................................. 35 . Cooling Circuit ....................................................... 35 .

CO-1

ENGINE COOLANT ................................................. 36 . Inspection .............................................................. 36 . LEVEL CHECK ................................................... 36 . LEAK CHECK ..................................................... 36 . Changing Engine Coolant ...................................... 36 . DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT ......................... 36 . REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ........................ 36 . FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ........................ 39 . RADIATOR ............................................................... 40 . Removal and Installation ....................................... 40 . REMOVAL .......................................................... 40 . INSTALLATION ................................................... 40 . CHECKING RADIATOR CAP ............................. 41 . CHECKING RADIATOR ...................................... 41 . Disassembly and Assembly ................................... 42 . PREPARATION ................................................... 42 . DISASSEMBLY .................................................. 42 . ASSEMBLY ........................................................ 43 .

INSPECTION ......................................................45 . Disassembly and Assembly Radiator Fan ..............46 . DISASSEMBLY ...................................................46 . ASSEMBLY .........................................................46 . WATER PUMP ..........................................................47 . Removal and Installation ........................................47 . REMOVAL ...........................................................47 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL .......................49 . INSTALLATION ...................................................50 . THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING ......52 . Removal and Installation ........................................52 . REMOVAL ...........................................................52 . INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL .......................52 . INSTALLATION ...................................................53 . SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ......54 . Capacity .................................................................54 . Thermostat .............................................................54 . Radiator .................................................................54 .

CO-2

PRECAUTIONS
[QR25DE]

PRECAUTIONS PFP:00001 Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER"
EBS003U9

The Supplemental Restraint System such as "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER", used along CO with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of this Service Manual. C WARNING: q To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be perD formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer. q Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to personal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air E Bag Module, see the SRS section. q Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harness connectors. F

Precautions for Liquid Gasket

REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET
q

EBS009LM

After removing the mounting bolts and nuts, disconnect and remove the RTV Silicone Sealant using a seal cutter. CAUTION: Be careful not to damage the mating surfaces. In areas where the cutter is difficult to use, use a plastic hammer to lightly tap the mating surfaces. CAUTION: If for some unavoidable reason a tool such as a flat-blade screwdriver is used, be careful not to damage the mating surfaces.

PBIC0275E

LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE

1.
q

2.

3.

Using a scraper, remove the old sealant adhering to the RTV Silicone Sealant application surface and the mating surface. Remove the RTV Silicone Sealant completely from the groove of the gasket application surface, mounting bolts, and bolt holes. Thoroughly clean the sealant application surface and the mating surface removing all of the adhering moisture, grease and foreign material. Attach the RTV Silicone Sealant tube into the tube presser. Use Genuine RTV Silicone Sealant, or equivalent. Refer to GI-36, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND SEALANTS" . Apply the RTV Silicone Sealant without breaks to the specified location with the specified dimensions. If there is a groove for the RTV Silicone Sealant application, apply the gasket to the groove.

PBIC0003E

4.
q

EMA0622D

CO-3

PRECAUTIONS
[QR25DE]
q

q q q

As for the bolt holes, normally apply the gasket inside the holes. If specified, it should be applied outside the holes. Make sure to read the instructions in this manual. Within five minutes of sealant application, install the mating component. If the sealant protrudes, wipe it off immediately. Do not retighten the nuts and bolts after installation. After 30 minutes or more have passed from the installation, fill the engine with the proper oil and coolant. Refer to MA-12, "RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" . CAUTION: If there are instructions in this manual, observe them.

SEM164F

CO-4

PREPARATION
[QR25DE]

PREPARATION Special Service Tools

The actual shape of the Kent-Moore tools may differ from those tools illustrated here.
Tool number (Kent-Moore No.) Tool name WS39930000 ( - ) Tube presser

PFP:00002

A
EBS009LN

CO
Description Pressing the tube of liquid gasket

D
S-NT052

E
Adapting radiator cap tester to radiator filler neck: a: 28 (1.10) dia. b: 31.4 (1.236) dia. c: 41.3 (1.626) dia. Unit: mm (in)

EG17650301 (J33984-A) Radiator cap tester adapter

S-NT564

G
Installing radiator upper and lower tanks

KV99103510 ( ) Radiator plate pliers A

I
S-NT224

KV99103520 ( ) Radiator plate pliers B

Removing radiator upper and lower tanks

K
S-NT225

Commercial Service Tools

Tool name Power tool Description Loosening bolts and nuts

EBS003U4

PBIC0190E

CO-5

PREPARATION
[QR25DE]
PREPARATION FOR CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT
Prepare an empty one gallon bottle, such as used for windshield washer fluid. Obtain a 1,371mm (54 in) length of hose with the same inner diameter as the coolant reservoir hose. Modify the one gallon bottle by making a hole at the bottom slightly smaller than the hose outer diameter to seal against leaks when the bottle is full of fluid. q Insert the hose in the bottom of the bottle. q Seal the hose to the bottle so it will not leak.

AMA139

CO-6

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

[QR25DE]

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS Troubleshooting Chart

Symptom Water pump malfunction Thermostat stuck closed Poor heat transfer Damaged fins Clogged radiator cooling tube Cooling fan does not operate Reduced air flow High resistance to fan rotation Damaged fan blades Damaged radiator shroud Cooling system parts malfunction Improper coolant mixture ratio Poor coolant quality Periodic maintenance Cooling hose Water pump Radiator cap Coolant leaks Insufficient coolant Radiator Loose clamp Cracked hose Poor sealing Loose Poor sealing Dust contamination or rock clogging Mechanical damage Excess foreign material (rust, dirt, sand, etc.) Check items Worn or loose drive belt

PFP:00012

A
EBS009LO

CO

O-ring for damage, deterioration or improper fitting Cracked radiator tank Cracked radiator core Reservoir tank Overflowing reservoir tank Exhaust gas leaks into cooling system Cracked reservoir tank Cylinder head deterioration Cylinder head gasket deterioration

CO-7

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

[QR25DE]
Symptom Check items High engine rpm under no load Abusive driving Driving in low gear for extended time Driving at extremely high speed Overload on engine Powertrain system malfunction Installed improper size wheels and tires Dragging brakes Improper ignition timing Blocked bumper Blocked radiator grille Blocked or restricted air flow Blocked radiator Blocked condenser Installed large fog lamp Installed car brassiere Mud contamination or paper clogging

Except cooling system parts malfunction

CO-8

COOLING SYSTEM
[QR25DE]

COOLING SYSTEM Cooling Circuit

PFP:21020

A
EBS009LP

CO

I
WBIA0065E

CO-9

COOLING SYSTEM
[QR25DE]

PBIC0280E

CO-10

ENGINE COOLANT
[QR25DE]

ENGINE COOLANT Inspection

LEVEL CHECK
q

PFP:KQ100

A
EBS009LQ

Check if the reservoir tank coolant level is within the MIN to MAX range when the engine is cool, before starting it. Adjust coolant level as necessary.

CO

SMA412B

LEAK CHECK
q

To check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with a tester. Testing pressure : 157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm2 , 23 psi)

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator. CAUTION: Higher pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.

H
SLC134B

Changing Engine Coolant

I
EBS004XV

WARNING: q To avoid being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot. q Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way. CAUTION: Do not open the radiator cap while changing engine coolant. Fill the radiator only from the filler cap above the radiator upper hose with radiator cap closed. NOTE: Refer to CO-6, "PREPARATION FOR CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT" .

DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT

1. 2. Remove engine undercover, using power tools. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove radiator filler cap when draining all the coolant in the system. q Be careful not to allow coolant to contact drive belts. Follow this step for heater core removal/replacement only. Disconnect the upper heater hose at the engine side and apply moderate air pressure [103.46 kPa (15 psi, 1.055 kg/cm2 ) maximum] into the hose for 30 seconds to blow out excess coolant from the heater core. Remove the reservoir tank, drain the coolant and then clean the tank before installing.
M

3.

4.

LBIA0063E

CO-11

ENGINE COOLANT
[QR25DE]
5. 6. When draining all of the coolant in the system for engine removal or repair, open the drain plug on the cylinder block. Check drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration. If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer to CO-14, "FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .

KBIA0163E

REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT

1. Install reservoir tank and radiator drain plug (install cylinder block drain plug if removed for engine removal or repair). q Apply sealant to the threads of the cylinder block drain plugs. Use Genuine High Performance Thread Sealant or equivalent. Refer to GI-36, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND SEALANTS" . Radiator drain plug Cylinder block drain plug 2. 3. : 7.8 - 11.8 Nm (0.8 - 1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb) : 34 - 44 Nm (3.5 - 4.5 kg-m, 25 - 33 ft-lb)

If disconnected, reattach the upper radiator hose at the engine side. Slowly fill the radiator and reservoir tank to the specified level. q Pour coolant through coolant filler neck slowly, at less than 3 (3 1/8 qt.) per minute, to allow air in the cooling system to escape. q Use Genuine NISSAN Anti-freeze Coolant or equivalent, mixed 50/50 with distilled water or demineralized water. Refer to MA-12, "RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS". Engine coolant capacity (without reservoir tank) : 7.5 Reservoir tank : 0.7 (3/4 qt.) (7 7/8 qt.)

SMA182B

SMA412B

4.

Pour more coolant mixture into radiator while gently squeezing the upper radiator hose. q Slowly fill the radiator until the coolant level no longer lowers in the radiator filler neck.

CO-12

ENGINE COOLANT
[QR25DE]
5. 6. 7. Install a wire under the radiator cap pressure valve to allow air and coolant to flow through freely. Install the modified radiator cap. Disconnect the coolant reservoir hose from the radiator filler neck overflow port.
A

CO

AMA042

Connect a hose to the radiator overflow port and to the modified one gallon container. Fill the container with the specified coolant mixture and hang it from the hood striker as shown. 9. For manual climate control equipped vehicles, set the heater controls to full warm and Floor/Defrost mode. For automatic climate control system equipped vehicles, set the heater controls to 90F (30C) and the fan speed to high. 10. Run the engine at 1,500 rpm until the engine cooling fan turns on (approximately 20 - 25 minutes). q Watch the coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine. 11. Stop the engine and allow it to cool down to less than approximately 50C (122F). q Cool down using a fan to reduce the time. q If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant. 12. Crimp the hose from the suspended container and remove the container and hose from the radiator. Remove the radiator cap.

8.

AMA141

CO-13

ENGINE COOLANT
[QR25DE]
13. Install the reservoir hose to the radiator and refill the reservoir tank to the MAX level line with coolant. Install the reservoir cap.

SMA412B

14. Fill the radiator with the coolant mixture to the top of the filler neck.

SMA182B

15. Remove the wire from the radiator cap. 16. Install the radiator cap, making sure it is turned to the full lock position. 17. Run the engine and check the cooling system for leaks. q Clean excess coolant from the engine and engine compartment.

AMA027

FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Fill radiator from filler cap above radiator upper hose and reservoir tank with water and reinstall filler cap above radiator upper hose. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature. Rev engine two or three times under no-load. Stop engine and wait until it cools down. Drain water. Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from radiator.

CO-14

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]

RADIATOR Removal and Installation

PFP:21400

A
EBS009LS

CO

I
WBIA0009E

1. 4. 7.

Radiator A/T oil cooler hose (if equipped) Reservoir tank

2. 5. 8.

Bracket Radiator hose (lower) Radiator hose (upper)

3. 6. 9.

Mounting rubber Radiator fan assembly Radiator filler cap

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter turn to allow built-up pressure to escape. Carefully remove the cap by turning it all the way.

REMOVAL
1. Drain coolant. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant" . 2. Remove air duct with air cleaner assembly. 3. Disconnect radiator upper hose, lower hoses and mounting bracket. 4. Disconnect the A/T oil cooler hoses, if equipped. Plug the hoses to prevent A/T oil loss. 5. Remove radiator and radiator fan assembly. CAUTION: q Do not damage or scratch the radiator core when removing.
M

INSTALLATION
q

Installation is in the reverse order of removal.

CO-15

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]

Disassembly and Assembly

EBS003TW

SLC882AB

PREPARATION
1. Attach the spacer to the tip of the radiator plate pliers A. Spacer specification: 1.5 mm (0.059 in) thick x 18 mm (0.71 in) wide x 8.5 mm (0.335 in) long. Make sure that when radiator plate pliers A are closed dimension H is approx. 7.6 mm (0.299 in). Adjust dimension H with the spacer, if necessary.

2. 3.

SLC655C

DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove tank with Tool.

SLC903

Grip the crimped edge and bend it upwards so that Tool slips off. Do not bend excessively.

SLC893

CO-16

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]
q

In areas where Tool cannot be used, use a screwdriver to bend the edge up. Be careful not to damage tank.

CO

SLC930

2. 3.

Make sure the edge stands straight up. Remove oil cooler from tank (A/T model only).

G
SLC931

ASSEMBLY
1. Install oil cooler into the tank (A/T model only). Pay attention to direction of conical washer.

K
SLC894

2.

Clean contact portion of tank.

SLC932

CO-17

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]
3. Install sealing rubber gasket. Push it into the tank groove with your fingers. Be careful not to twist sealing rubber gasket.

SLC917A

4.

Caulk tank in specified sequence with Tool.

SLC904

SLC896 q

Use pliers in the locations where Tool cannot be used.

SLC897

CO-18

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]
5. Make sure that the rim is completely crimped down. Standard height H 6. : 8.0 - 8.4 mm (0.315 - 0.331 in)
A

Confirm that there is no leakage. Refer to CO-19, "INSPECTION" .

CO

C
SLC554A

INSPECTION
1. Apply pressure with Tool. Specified pressure value : 157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm2 , 23 psi)

WARNING: To prevent the risk of the hose coming undone while under pressure, securely fasten it down with a hose clamp. Attach a hose to the oil cooler as well (A/T model only).

G
SLC933

2.

Check for leakage.

K
SLC934

CO-19

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]

Disassembly and Assembly of Radiator Fan

EBS009LT

PBIC0238E

1.

Fan motors

2.

Fan shroud

3.

Fan blade

DISASSEMBLY
1. 2. Remove fan blade. Remove fan motors from fan shroud.

ASSEMBLY
Assembly is in the reverse order of disassembly.

Radiator Cap
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP
q q

EBS009LU

q q

Check that there is no dirt or damage on the valve seat of the radiator cap negative pressure valve. Check that there are no abnormalities in the opening and closing conditions of the negative-pressure valve. Pull the negative-pressure valve to open it. Check that it closes completely when released.

SMA967B

CO-20

RADIATOR
[QR25DE]
q

Check the radiator cap relief pressure specifications. Standard : 78 - 98 kPa (0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0 kg/cm2 , 11 - 14 psi) : 59 - 98 kPa (0.59 - 0.98 bar, 0.6 - 1.0 , 9 - 14 psi) kg/cm2
C
SLC135B

CO

Limit

When installing the radiator cap on the tester, apply water or coolant to the cap seal surface. Replace the radiator cap if there is an abnormality in the negative-pressure valve, or if the open-valve pressure is outside of the standard specifications.

CHECKING RADIATOR
Check radiator for mud or clogging. If necessary, clean radiator as follows. q Be careful not to bend or damage the radiator fins. q When radiator is cleaned without removal, remove all surrounding parts such as cooling fan, radiator shroud and horns. Then tape the harness and electrical connectors to prevent water from entering. 1. Apply water by hose to the back side of the radiator core, point the hose vertically downward. 2. Apply water again to all radiator core surfaces once per minute. 3. Stop washing when no more dirt flows off the radiator. 4. Blow air into the back side of radiator core, point the air hose vertically downward.
q

5.

Use compressed air lower than 490 kPa (5 kg/cm 2 , 71 psi) and keep distance more than 30 cm (11.8 in). Blow air again into all the radiator core surfaces once per minute until no water sprays out.

CO-21

WATER PUMP
[QR25DE]

WATER PUMP Removal and Installation

PFP:21020
EBS009LW

KBIA0154E

1. 4.

Water pump Water pipe

2.

Gasket

3.

Water pump housing

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator.

REMOVAL
1. Drain coolant. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant" . CAUTION: Perform when the engine is cold. Remove the following parts: q Under cover, using power tools. q Alternator, water pump and air compressor drive belt. Remove the water pump. NOTE: If necessary, the alternator and exhaust manifold catalytic convertor assembly must be removed to remove the water pipe. CAUTION: q Handle the water pump vane so that it does not contact any other parts. q Water pump cannot be disassembled and should be replaced as an assembly. Visually check that there is no significant dirt or rusting on the water pump body and vane. Check that there is no looseness in the vane shaft, and that it turns smoothly when rotated by hand. If the water pump does not perform properly, replace the water pump assembly.

2.

3.

INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL

q

KBIA0155E

CO-22

WATER PUMP
[QR25DE]
INSTALLATION
q

Installation is in the reverse order of removal. After installing the water pump, check for leaks using the radiator cap tester.

INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION

q

CO

CO-23

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING

[QR25DE]

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING Removal and Installation

PFP:21200
EBS009LX

WBIA0010E

1. 4. 7.

Thermostat Engine coolant outlet Heater pipe

2. 5. 8.

Engine coolant inlet Heater hose Throttle body inlet hose

3. 6. 9.

Engine coolant control valve Engine coolant temperature sensor Throttle body outlet hose

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator.

REMOVAL
CAUTION: Perform when the engine is cold. 1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant" . 2. Remove radiator lower hose from the engine coolant inlet side. 3. Remove engine coolant inlet and thermostat.

CO-24

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING

[QR25DE]
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
q

Place a thread so that it is caught in the valves of the thermostat. Immerse fully in a container filled with water. Heat while stirring. The valve opening temperature is the temperature at which the valve opens and the falls from the thread. Continue heating. Check the full-open lift amount. NOTE: The full-open lift amount standard temperature for the thermostat is the reference value. After checking the full-open lift amount, lower the water temperature and check the valve closing temperature.
Standard Values 82C (180F) 8.6 mm / 95C (0.339 in / 203F) 77C (171F)

CO

SLC252B

Thermostat Valve opening temperature Full-open lift amount Valve closing temperature

INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal. q Install the thermostat with the whole circumference of the flange part fitting securely inside the rubber ring. q Install the thermostat with the jiggle valve facing upwards. The position deviation may be within the range of 10. q If necessary, to install the heater pipe, first apply a mild detergent to the O-ring and then quickly insert the pipe into the housing.

PBIC0157E

CO-25

WATER CONTROL VALVE

[QR25DE]

WATER CONTROL VALVE Removal and Installation

PFP:21230
EBS003U3

WBIA0010E

1. 4. 7.

Thermostat Engine coolant outlet Heater pipe

2. 5. 8.

Engine coolant inlet Heater hose Throttle body inlet hose

3. 6. 9.

Engine coolant control valve Engine coolant temperature sensor Throttle body outlet hose

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator.

REMOVAL
CAUTION: Perform when the engine cold. 1. Drain the engine coolant. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant" . 2. Remove the upper radiator hose, heater pipe, throttle body inlet hose, and heater hose. 3. Remove the engine coolant outlet. 4. Remove the engine coolant control valve.

CO-26

WATER CONTROL VALVE

[QR25DE]
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
q

Place a thread so that it is caught in the valve of the water control valve. Immerse fully in a container filled with water. Heat while stirring. The valve opening temperature is the temperature at which the valve opens and the falls from the thread. Continue heating. Check the full-open lift amount. NOTE: The full-open lift amount standard temperature for the water control valve is the reference value. After checking the full-open lift amount, lower the water temperature and check the valve closing temperature. Standard values

CO

SLC252B

Water Control Valve Valve opening temperature Full-open lift amount Valve closing temperature

Standard Value 93.5 - 96.5C (200 - 206F) 8 mm / 108C (0.315 in / 226 F) 90C (194 F) or higher

INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal. q Install the water control valve with the whole circumference of the flange part fitting securely inside the rubber ring. q Install the water control valve with the up-mark facing up and the frame center part facing upwards. The position deviation may be within the range of 10.

CO-27

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

[QR25DE]

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) Capacity

Coolant capacity (With reservoir tank at MAX level) Reservoir tank coolant capacity (at MAX level) 8.2 0.7 (8 5/8 qt.) (3/4 qt.)

PFP:00030
EBS009LY

Thermostat
Valve opening temperature Valve lift 80.5 - 83.5C (177 - 182F) More than 8 mm / 95C (0.315 in / 203F)

EBS009LZ

Water Control Valve

Valve opening temperature Valve lift 93.5-96.5C (200-206F) More than 8 mm / 108C (0.315 in / 226F)

EBS009M0

Radiator
Unit: kPa (bar, kg / Cap relief pressure Leakage test pressure Standard Limit 78 - 98 (0.78 - 0.98, 0.8 - 1.0, 11 - 14) 59 - 98 (0.59 - 0.98, 0.6 - 1.0, 9 - 14) 157 (1.57, 1.6, 23)

EBS009M1

cm2

, psi)

CO-28

PRECAUTIONS
[VQ35DE]

PRECAUTIONS PFP:00001 Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER"

EBS008M2

The Supplemental Restraint System such as "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER", used along CO with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SRS and SB section of this Service Manual. C WARNING: q To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be perD formed by an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer. q Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to personal injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air E Bag Module, see the SRS section. q Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harness connectors. F

Precautions for Liquid Gasket

REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET SEALING
After removing the mounting bolts and nuts, disconnect and remove the RTV Silicone Sealant using a seal cutter. CAUTION: Be careful not to damage the mating surfaces. q In areas where the cutter is difficult to use, use a plastic hammer to lightly tap the area where the RTV Silicone Sealant is applied. CAUTION: If for some unavoidable reason a tool such as a flat-bladed screwdriver is used, be careful not to damage the mating surfaces.
q

EBS008M3

PBIC0002E

LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE

1.
q

2.

3.

Using a scraper, remove the old RTV Silicone Sealant adhering to the gasket application surface and the mating surface. Remove the RTV Silicone Sealant completely from the groove of the gasket application surface, mounting bolts, and bolt holes. Thoroughly clean the gasket application surface and the mating surface and remove all adhering moisture, grease and foreign material. Attach the RTV Silicone Sealant tube to the tube presser. Use Genuine RTV Silicone Sealant, or equivalent. Refer to GI-36, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND SEALANTS" . Apply the RTV Silicone Sealant without breaks to the specified location with the specified dimensions. If there is a groove for the RTV Silicone Sealant application, apply the sealant to the groove.

PBIC0003E

4.
q

EMA0622D

CO-29

PRECAUTIONS
[VQ35DE]
q

q q q

As for the bolt holes, normally apply the Sealant inside the holes. If specified in the procedure, it should also be applied outside the holes. Within five minutes of sealant application, install the mating component. If the RTV Silicone Sealant protrudes, wipe it off immediately. Do not retighten after the installation. After 30 minutes or more have passed from the installation, fill the engine with the specified oil and coolant. Refer to MA-12, "RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .

SEM164F

CO-30

PREPARATION
[VQ35DE]

PREPARATION Special Service Tools

The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may from those of special service tools illustrated here. Tool number (Kent-Moore No.) Description Tool name WS39930000 ( ) Tube pressure Pressing the tube of liquid gasket

PFP:00002

A
EBS008M4

CO

D
S-NT052

EG17650301 (J33984-A) Radiator cap tester adapter

Adapting radiator cap tester to radiator cap and radiator filler neck a: 28 (1.10) dia. b: 31.4 (1.236) dia. c: 41.3 (1.626) dia. Unit: mm (in)
S-NT564

G
Installing radiator upper and lower tanks

KV99103510 ( ) Radiator plate pliers A

S-NT224

I
Removing radiator upper and lower tanks

KV99103520 ( ) Radiator plate pliers B

K
S-NT225

Commercial Service Tools

Tool name Power tool Description Loosening bolts and nuts

EBS008M5

PBIC0190E

CO-31

PREPARATION
[VQ35DE]
PREPARATION FOR CHANGING ENGINE COOLANT
Prepare an empty one gallon bottle, such as used for windshield washer fluid. Obtain a 1,371mm (54 in) length of hose with the same inner diameter as the coolant reservoir hose. Modify the one gallon bottle by making a hole at the bottom slightly smaller than the hose outer diameter to seal against leaks when the bottle is full of fluid. q Insert the hose in the bottom of the bottle. q Seal the hose to the bottle so it will not leak.

AMA139

CO-32

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

[VQ35DE]

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS Troubleshooting Chart

Symptom Water pump malfunction Thermostat stuck closed Poor heat transfer Damaged fins Clogged radiator cooling tube Cooling fan does not operate Reduced air flow High resistance to fan rotation Damaged fan blades Damaged radiator shroud Cooling system parts malfunction Improper coolant mixture ratio Poor coolant quality Coolant viscosity Cooling hose Water pump Radiator cap Coolant leaks Insufficient coolant Radiator Loose clamp Cracked hose Poor sealing Loose Poor sealing Fan assembly Check items Worn or loose drive belt Dust contamination or paper clogging Physical damage Excess foreign material (rust, dirt, sand, etc.)

PFP:00012

A
EBS008L3

CO

O-ring for damage, deterioration or improper fitting Cracked radiator tank Cracked radiator core Reservoir tank Overflowing reservoir tank Exhaust gas leaks into cooling system Cracked reservoir tank Cylinder head deterioration Cylinder head gasket deterioration

CO-33

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS

[VQ35DE]
Symptom Check items High engine rpm under no load Abusive driving Driving in low gear for extended time Driving at extremely high speed Overload on engine Powertrain system malfunction Installed improper size wheels and tires Dragging brakes Improper ignition timing Blocked bumper Blocked radiator grille Blocked or restricted air flow Blocked radiator Blocked condenser Installed large fog lamp Blocked air flow Installed car brassiere Mud contamination or paper clogging

Except cooling system parts malfunction

CO-34

COOLING SYSTEM
[VQ35DE]

COOLING SYSTEM Cooling Circuit

PFP:21020

A
EBS008L4

CO

I
WBIA0066E

CO-35

ENGINE COOLANT
[VQ35DE]

ENGINE COOLANT Inspection

LEVEL CHECK
q

PFP:KQ100
EBS008L5

Check if the reservoir tank coolant level is within the MIN to MAX range when the engine is cool. Adjust the coolant level as necessary.

SMA412B

LEAK CHECK
q

To check for leaks, apply pressure to the cooling system with the Tool. Testing pressure : 157 kPa (1.6 kg/cm2 , 23 psi)

WARNING: Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from the radiator. CAUTION: Higher test pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.

SLC756A

Changing Engine Coolant

EBS008L6

WARNING: q To avoid being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot. q Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.

DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT

1. 2. 3. Remove engine undercover, using power tools. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator and remove the radiator filler cap. If removing the heater core, remove the upper heater hose from the engine coolant outlet and apply moderate air pressure of 15 psi (103.46 kPa, 1.055 kg/cm2 ) maximum for 30 seconds into the hose to blow out excess coolant from the core. Remove the reservoir tank, drain the coolant and clean the tank before installing. q Be careful not to allow coolant to contact the drive belts. When draining all of the coolant for engine removal or repair, open the drain plugs on the engine-front side and engine-right side. Check drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration. If contaminated, flush the engine cooling system. Refer to CO-36, "Changing Engine Coolant" .

4.

5.

LBIA0063E

6.

REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT

1. Install the reservoir tank and radiator drain plug (install cylinder block drain plugs if removed for engine removal or repair).

CO-36

ENGINE COOLANT
[VQ35DE]
q

Apply sealant to the threads of the cylinder block drain plugs. Use Genuine High Performance Thread Sealant or equivalent. Refer to GI-36, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND SEALANTS" . Radiator drain plug Engine-front drain plug Engine-right side drain plug : 7.8 - 11.8 Nm (0.8 - 1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb) : 8 - 11 Nm (0.8 - 1.2 kg-m, 70 - 104 in-lb) : 18 - 21 Nm (1.8 - 2.2 kg-m, 13 - 15 ft-lb)

CO

2. 3.

If necessary, connect the upper heater hose to the engine coolant outlet. Slowly fill the radiator with the proper mixture of coolant and water, at a speed of less than 3 (3 1/8 qt.) per minute. Poor the coolant through the filler neck slowly to allow air to escape from the system. Continue to fill until the coolant stays at the top. q Use Genuine NISSAN Anti-freeze Coolant or equivalent mixed 50/50 with distilled water or demineralized water. Refer to MA-12, "RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS". Engine coolant capacity (without reservoir tank) Reservoir tank : 8.1 : 0.7 (8 5/8 qt.)
SMA182B

(3/4 qt.)

J
SMA412B

4. 5. 6. 7.

Pour the coolant mixture into radiator while gently squeezing the upper radiator hose. q Slowly fill the radiator until coolant level no longer lowers in the radiator filler neck. Install a wire under the radiator cap pressure valve to allow air and coolant to flow through freely at any pressure. Install the modified radiator cap. Disconnect the coolant reservoir hose from the radiator filler neck overflow port.

AMA042

CO-37

ENGINE COOLANT
[VQ35DE]
Connect a hose to the radiator overflow port from the modified one gallon container. Fill the container with the specified coolant mixture and hang it from the hood striker. 9. For manual climate control equipped vehicles, set the heater controls to full warm and Floor/Defrost mode. For automatic climate control system equipped vehicles, set the heater controls to 90F (30C) and the fan speed to high. 10. Run the engine at 1,500 rpm until the engine cooling fan turns on (approximately 20 - 25 minutes). q Watch coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine. 11. Stop the engine and allow it to cool down to less than approximately 50C (122F). q Cool down using a fan to reduce the time. q If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant. 12. Crimp the hose from the suspended modified one gallon container and remove the container and hose from the radiator. Remove the radiator cap. 8.

AMA141

13. Install the reservoir hose to the radiator and refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with coolant. Install the reservoir cap.

SMA412B

14. Fill the radiator with the coolant mixture to the top of the filler neck.

SMA182B

CO-38

ENGINE COOLANT
[VQ35DE]
15. Remove the wire from the radiator cap. 16. Install the radiator cap, making sure it is turned to the full lock position. 17. Run the engine and check the cooling system for leaks. q Clean excess coolant from the engine and engine compartment.
A

CO

C
AMA027

FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Fill the radiator from the filler neck above the radiator upper hose and reservoir tank with clean water and reinstall radiator filler cap. Run the engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature. Rev the engine two or three times under no-load. Stop the engine and wait until it cools down. Drain the water from the system. Refer to CO-36, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" . Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from the radiator.

CO-39

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]

RADIATOR Removal and Installation

PFP:21400
EBS008KG

SLC331B

REMOVAL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Remove the undercover using power tool. Drain the coolant from the radiator. Refer to CO-36, "Changing Engine Coolant" . Disconnect radiator upper and lower hoses. Remove the upper and lower radiator shroud. Remove the A/T oil cooler hoses (if equipped). Disconnect the reservoir tank hose. Remove the radiator mounting brackets. Remove the radiator.

INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal. q Fill the radiator with coolant. Refer to CO-36, "Changing Engine Coolant" .

CO-40

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP
1.
q

Pull the negative-pressure valve to open it and check that it closes completely when released. Check that there is no dirt or damage on the valve seat of the radiator cap negative-pressure valve. Check that there are no abnormalities in the opening and closing conditions of the negative-pressure valve.

CO

SMA967B

2.

Check radiator cap relief pressure. Standard: 78 - 98 kPa (0.8 - 1.0 kg/cm2 , 11 - 14 psi) Limit: 59 - 98 kPa (0.6 - 1.0 kg/cm2 , 9 - 14 psi)
E

When connecting the radiator cap to the tester, apply water or coolant to the cap seal surface. Replace the radiator cap if there is an abnormality in the negative-pressure valve, or if the open-valve pressure is outside of the standard values.
SLC755A

CHECKING RADIATOR
Check radiator for mud or clogging. If necessary, clean radiator as follows. q Be careful not to bend or damage the radiator fins. q When radiator is cleaned without removal, remove all surrounding parts such as cooling fan shroud and horns. Then tape the harness and electrical connectors to prevent water from entering. 1. Apply water by hose to the back side of the radiator core, with the air hose pointed vertically downward. 2. Apply water again to all radiator core surfaces once per minute. 3. Stop washing if any stains no longer flow out from the radiator. 4. Blow air into the back side of radiator core, with the air hose pointed vertically downward.
q

5.

Use compressed air lower than 490 kPa (5 kg/cm 2 , 71 psi) and keep distance more than 30 cm (11.8 in). Blow air again into all the radiator core surfaces once per minute until no water sprays out.

CO-41

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]

Disassembly and Assembly

EBS003TX

SLC882AB

PREPARATION
1. Attach the spacer to the tip of the radiator plate pliers A. Spacer specification: 1.5 mm (0.059 in) thick x 18 mm (0.71 in) wide x 8.5 mm (0.335 in) long. Make sure that when radiator plate pliers A are closed dimension H is approx. 7.6 mm (0.299 in). Adjust dimension H with the spacer, if necessary.

2. 3.

SLC655CB

DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove the tank with Tool.

SLC903-A

Grip the crimped edge and bend it upwards so that Tool slips off. Do not bend excessively.

SLC893

CO-42

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]
q

In areas where Tool cannot be used, use a screwdriver to bend the edge up. Be careful not to damage tank.

CO

SLC930

2. 3.

Make sure the edge stands straight up. Remove oil cooler from tank (A/T model only).

G
SLC931

ASSEMBLY
1. Install the oil cooler (A/T model only). Pay attention to direction of conical washer.

K
SLC894

2.

Clean the contact portion of the tank.

SLC932

CO-43

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]
3. Install sealing rubber. Push it in with fingers. Be careful not to twist sealing rubber.

SLC917A

4.

Caulk tank in specified sequence with Tool.

SLC904-A

SLC896

Use pliers in the locations where Tool cannot be used.

SLC897

CO-44

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]
5. Make sure that the rim is completely crimped down. Standard height H 6. : 8.0 - 8.4 mm (0.315 - 0.331 in)
A

Confirm that there is no leakage. Refer to CO-45, "INSPECTION" .

CO

C
SLC554A

INSPECTION
1. Apply pressure with Tool. Specified pressure value : 157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm2 , 23 psi)

WARNING: To prevent the risk of the hose coming undone while under pressure, securely fasten it down with a hose clamp. Attach a hose to the oil cooler as well (A/T model only).

G
SLC933-A

2.

Check for leakage.

K
SLC934

CO-45

RADIATOR
[VQ35DE]

Disassembly and Assembly Radiator Fan

EBS003TZ

PBIC0238E

1.

Fan motors

2.

Fan shroud

3.

Fan blade

DISASSEMBLY
1. 2.
q

Remove fan blade. Remove fan motor from fan shroud. Assemble in the reverse order of disassembly.

ASSEMBLY

CO-46

WATER PUMP
[VQ35DE]

WATER PUMP Removal and Installation

PFP:21020

A
EBS008L9

CO

WBIA0067E

CAUTION: q When removing water pump assembly, be careful not to get coolant on drive belt. q Water pump cannot be disassembled and should be replaced as a unit. q After installing water pump, connect hose and clamp securely, then check for leaks using radiator cap tester.

REMOVAL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. a. b. c. d. e. Remove undercover, using power tools. Remove suspension member stay. Drain coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-36, "Changing Engine Coolant" . Remove radiator shrouds. Remove drive belts. Remove cooling fan. Remove water drain plug on water pump side of cylinder block. Remove chain tensioner cover and water pump cover. Remove the chain tensioner assembly. Pull the lever down and release the plunger stopper tab. Insert the stopper pin into the tensioner body hole to hold the lever and keep the stopper tab released Insert the plunger into the tensioner body by pressing the timing chain slack guide. Keep the slack guide pressed and hold the plunger in by pushing the stopper pin deeper through the lever and into the tensioner body hole Make a gap between water pump gear and timing chain, by turning the crankshaft pulley 20 counterclockwise.

CO-47

WATER PUMP
[VQ35DE]
10. Remove the three water pump mounting bolts.

SLC941A

11. Install two bolts into the water pump body bolt holes.

JLC357B

CO-48

WATER PUMP
[VQ35DE]
12. Tighten the two bolts by turning half turn alternately until they reach timing chain rear case. q In order to prevent damage to the water pump or timing chain rear case, do not tighten one bolt continuously. Always turn each bolt a half turn each time. 13. Lift up the water pump and remove it. q When lifting up on the water pump, do not allow the water pump gear to hit the timing chain.
A

CO

J
SLC116B

INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL

1. 2. Check for badly rusted or corroded water pump body assembly. Check for rough operation due to excessive end play.

SLC943A

CO-49

WATER PUMP
[VQ35DE]
INSTALLATION
1. Apply engine oil and coolant to the O-rings as shown.

SLC244B

2.

Install the water pump. q Do not allow cylinder block to interfere with the O-rings when installing the water pump.

SLC031B

3.

Before installing, remove all traces of RTV Silicone Sealant from mating surface of water pump cover and chain tensioner cover using a scraper. Also remove traces of RTV Silicone Sealant from the mating surface of the front cover.

SLC944A

4.

Apply a continuous bead of Genuine RTV Silicone Sealant, or equivalent, to mating surface of chain tensioner cover and water pump cover. Refer to GI-36, "RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND SEALANTS" .

SLC945AA

CO-50

WATER PUMP
[VQ35DE]
5. Return the crankshaft pulley to its original position by turning it 20 clockwise.
A

CO

C
SLC156B

6.

7.

Install the timing chain tensioner, then remove the stopper pin. q When installing the timing chain tensioner, engine oil should be applied to the oil hole and tensioner. q After starting engine, let idle for three minutes, then rev engine up to 3,000 rpm under no load to purge air from the high-pressure chamber of the chain tensioner. The engine may produce a rattling noise. This indicates that air still remains in the chamber and is not a matter of concern. Installation is in the reverse order of removal.

CO-51

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING

[VQ35DE]

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING Removal and Installation

PFP:21200
EBS008LD

WBIA0068E

REMOVAL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Remove undercover. Drain coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-36, "Changing Engine Coolant" . Remove drive belts. Remove water drain plug on water pump side of the engine. Disconnect lower radiator hose. Remove engine coolant inlet and thermostat assembly. q Do not disassemble engine coolant inlet and thermostat. Replace them as a unit, if necessary.

SLC962AA

INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL

1. 2. Check valve seating condition at ordinary room temperatures. It should seat tightly. Check valve opening temperature and maximum valve lift.
Standard Values 82C (180F) 8.6 mm / 95C (0.339 in / 203F)

Thermostat Valve opening temperature Valve lift

3.

Then check if valve closes at 5C (9F) below valve opening temperature.

SLC949A

CO-52

THERMOSTAT AND THERMOSTAT HOUSING

[VQ35DE]
INSTALLATION
1. Install thermostat with jiggle valve facing upward. q After installation, run engine for a few minutes, and check for leaks. q Be careful not to spill coolant over engine compartment. Use a rag to absorb coolant. Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
A

CO

2.

SLC948A

CO-53

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

[VQ35DE]

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) Capacity

Coolant capacity (With reservoir tank at MAX level) Reservoir tank coolant capacity (at MAX level) 8.8 0.7 (9 1/4 qt.) (3/4 qt.)

PFP:00100
EBS004XQ

Thermostat
Valve opening temperature Valve lift 82C (180F) 8.6 mm / 95C (0.339 in / 203F)

EBS008KP

Radiator
Unit: kPa Cap relief pressure Leakage test pressure Standard Limit 78 - 98 (0.8 - 1.0, 11 - 14) 59 - 98 (0.6 - 1.0, 9 - 14) 157 (1.6, 23)

EBS008KR

(kg/cm2

, psi)

CO-54