Jasmine Cultivation
Jasmine Cultivation
Jasmine Cultivation
Dr.S.ESWARA REDDY
Jasmine is one of the most popular flowers. About 200 species of
Jasminum, both climbing and trailing or shrub, with erect habit are found
of India.
Almost all species flower during summer and the rainy season. The
Importance: Jasmine flowers are used for making garlands and are for
Cultivation practices:
Climate: Jasmine are fairly hardy and drought resistant plants. In India it
is grown nearly throughout the country both in the plains and in the hills
Soil: Jasmine comes up well in both heavy as well a light types of soil,
Varieties:
Parimullai is the best. It is high yielding and resistant to the gall mite
clonal selection made from the local type clone 1 – long pointed bud at
One produces milky white flowers and the other with pink
The triploid pink flowered variety is the best. It is high yielding and
Coimbatore.
produces white scented flowers in great perfusion in hot season. There are
4. The large double or Tuscan type Jasmine also called the Grand
Duke of Tuscany – Boddu Malli.
layering.
The cultivated species of J. auriculatus (Mullai) and JKathi Malli (J.
cuttings.
At the time of planting the rooted layers or cuttings are lifted with a
ball of earth around the roots and covered with a wet gunny. They are
for a week. Afterwards the pits are sterilized by burning dried leaves and
twinges. A day later soil well mixed with 20 kg of FYM per pit is used for
filling. A seeking irrigation is given to the pits for the soil to settle down.
(1:1) is applied per pit and the soil mixed up. A day later, the layer or
cuttings are planted in the centre of the pit and irrigated immediately.
Planting distances:
once in 4 days during the flowering season in case of Mallai and Jathi Malli
bushed within manageable size. The first pruning is done in the year
ground level. After pruning the leaves from the shoots are stripped and
undisturbed. The dug basins are exposed for a week. After this manures
and fertilizers are applied and irrigated sparingly (once in a week) at first
and increased after the appearance of flower fx buds (once in four days)
For plants less than 6 months in age one fourth of the above dose
may be applied and half the dose for one year old plants. The full dose as
above is applied form the second year onwards, twice a year, once
twinges (Mullai and Jathi Malli). The dwarf bushed Gundu Malli and
2 months.
months. The plants do not require any support or Pandal. They can be
like chrysanthemum and crossandara can be done during the first year.
Plant Protection: Pari Mallai – is resistant to the gall mite pest but
stray incidence (less than 3 per cent) may occur sometimes. Affected
shoots are removed and burnt. One or two sprays of thicvit or Wettable
sulphur (200 gm in 100 lit of water) will check the pest from spreading. In
To control bud worms which eat sway the tender buds, parathion
0.15 per cent (200 ml of parathion 50 per cent in 200 litres of water) is
sprayed.
Jathi Malli: Cercospora leaf spot disease will seriously damage the
plants particularly in the rainy winter seasons. affected leaves and shoots
or 4 times is sprayed.
pest and bud worms. The same control measures as indicated for Mullai
can be adopted.
immediately. Unlike Malli, Gundu Malli and Iruvatchi, Jathi Malli flower
buds will open out quickly (within 2 hours of picking). Hence, it is essential
to pick the flower buds and transported to the market very early (before
9.00 a.m.) Best prices are obtained for fresh flower bids. Nearness to
women for picking the flowers per day of 5 hours. (6.00 am to 11.00 am)
yield will be at the peak from June to October. The yield will gradually
April to August.
Yield: The plants will give stray flowers 6 months after planting.
The yield will gradually increase and optimum yields will be obtained in
Pari Mullai: Average yield will be around 10,000 kg per ha. per
Jasmine Products:
Jasmine oil: The Jasmine flower oil is said to blend well with every
floral scent and is highly valued for producing high grade perfumes in
‘Jasmine concrete’.
The world production of Jasmine concrete is estimated at 5000 kg
per year and nearly half the production comes from France. According to
some reports one kg of Jasmine concrete of the highest grade was prices
the solvent extraction process. Petroleum either of good quality and free
from impurities is used as the solvent. The resultant waxy extract is the
making perfumes.
Indian J.gardiflorum (Jathi Malli) were found superior to the products from
Jasmines.
Mullai will be approximately Rs. 5,000/- to Rs. 7,500/- per hectare per year
in the first and second year and Rs. 10,000/- to Rs. 12,500/- per ha. From
the third year onwards. From the third year the gross income will be Rs.
30,000/- per ha. An annual net income of not less than Rs. 17,500/- to Rs.
20,000/- per ha can be obtained after the third year depending upon the
for Mullai. But because of the higher market values for its flowers, the
gross income per ha will be around Rs. 37,000/- from the third year. The
net profit can be about Rs. 20,000/- per year per ha.
The net income per hectare will be about Rs. 12,500/- to Rs.
15,000/- from the fourth year onwards in Gundu Malli and Iruvatchi.
Jasmine plants are perennial and can live as long as first years and