Gps Error Sources PDF
Gps Error Sources PDF
Gps Error Sources PDF
The ideal arrangement of the minimum four satellites is one satellite directly overhead, three others equally spaced nearer the horizon but above the
mask angle. As the market for GPS positioning grows, receivers are becoming cheaper. Now, imagine drawing a circle or ellipse that
encompasses about 95 percent of the points. Next day, plot the coordinates your receiver calculated. The combination of these two components
of the three-dimensional position is called PDOP - position dilution of precision. The answer depends in part on your receiver. That's a reasonable
expectation. GPS receivers analyze three signals from satellites in the system and work out how long it has taken each signal to reach them. These
errors are minimized by calculating clock corrections at monitoring stations and transmitting the corrections along with the GPS signal to
appropriately outfitted GPS receivers. The second is to use some clever mathematical trickery to account for the time-keeping error based on how
the signals from three or more satellite signals are detected by the receiver, which essentially allows the receiver to reset its clock. Signals from
satellites close to the horizon are delayed the most, since they pass through the most atmosphere. There may also be problems with the time-
keeping accuracy and the data onboard a particular satellite. Skip to main content. What do you suppose the plot would look like? In reality, GPS
receivers must discriminate between signals received directly from satellites and other signals that have been reflected from surrounding objects,
such as buildings, trees, and even the ground. A complete list of the sources of User Equivalent Range Errors, in descending order of their
contributions to the total error budget, is below:. The delay also depends on how close the satellite is to being overhead where distance that the
signal travels through the ionosphere is least. Reflections from buildings and other large, solid objects can lead to GPS accuracy problems too.
GPS accuracy and error sources The Global Positioning System GPS can provide your location, altitude, and speed with near-pinpoint accuracy,
but the system has intrinsic error sources that have to be taken into account when a receiver reads the GPS signals from the constellation of
satellites in orbit. A sensible start is to understand the sources of GPS error. How, then, can you minimize errors associated with mapping-grade
receivers? More sophisticated GPS receivers used by the military are ten times more accurate to millimeters. If you have ever been geocaching,
hiking, or exploring and noticed poor GPS service while in dense forests, you were experiencing multipath errors. In other words, what is your
receiver's positioning error? Only about three-quarters of the bias can be removed, however, leaving the ionosphere as the second largest
contributor to the GPS error budget. For example, if your assignment was to GPS 1, manholes for your municipality, you probably wouldn't want
to set up and calibrate a survey-grade receiver 1, times. NAVSTAR satellites use atomic clocks, which are very accurate but can drift up to a
millisecond enough to make an accuracy difference. As GPS signals pass through the upper atmosphere the ionosphere km above the surface ,
signals are delayed and deflected. Attach your GPS receiver to a tripod. These accuracy problems are circumvented by GPS receivers which
endeavor to lock on to more than three satellites to get consistent data. The GPS Control Segment monitors satellite locations at all times,
calculates orbit eccentricities, and compiles these deviations in documents called ephemerides. An ephemeris is compiled for each satellite and
broadcast with the satellite signal. A complete list of the sources of User Equivalent Range Errors, in descending order of their contributions to the
total error budget, is below: