Design Modelling Analysis and Implementation of Two Phase Interleaved Buck DC DC Converter
Design Modelling Analysis and Implementation of Two Phase Interleaved Buck DC DC Converter
Design Modelling Analysis and Implementation of Two Phase Interleaved Buck DC DC Converter
Abstract:-In recent year Multiphase converter topologies we need to go for close loop control.TwoLevel Interleaved
are getting more interest for use in high performance and DC-DC Buck converter isintroduced to meet the increased
low voltage applications. In This paperthe two-phase demands such as low current ripple, high efficiency, faster
interleaved buck DC-DC converter (IBC) is designed for dynamics, light weight and higher power density.Interleaving
desired parameters and further by using state space also called multi-phasing, is a technique that is useful for
averaging technique small signals models are derived, reducing the size of filter components [3]. In this paper the
steady state performance is investigated in MATLAB- Two phase Interleaved buck Converter was modeled
Simulink , closed loop control is achieved by designing considering all the parasitic elements of the converter using
PID controller to achieve the proper regulator for the state space averaging technique [4, 5] and analyzed using
converters.. The hardware implementation of two-phase small signal analysis. The model is simulated in MATLAB/
IBC is performed using ARDUINO UNO as micro Simulation for closed loop with analog PID controller. This
controller. paper presents the design of two phase IBC and also
modelling and analysis of same. Section II, III presents
Keywords:-Two-phase interleaved buck DC-DC converter working principle of two phase IBC with duty cycle
(two phase IBC), conventional buck DC-DC converter D(0<D<0.5) (0.5<D<1). Section IV, describes the steady
(CBC), continuous conduction mode(CCM),ARDUINO state characteristics and design of two phase IBC converter.
micro controller ,sisotool. Section V presents modeling and analysis two phaseIBC.
Section VI gives the simulation results.Section VII gives the
I. INTRODUCTION Experimental resultsFinally section VIIIconcludes the paper.
DC -DC converters which converts the fixed voltage DC II. CONVENTIONAL BUCK DC-DC CONVERTER
source to the variable DC output . A DC-DC converter can (CBC)
be considered as the DC equivalent to an AC transformer
with a continuously variable turns ratio. Like a transformer, it Theconventional buck DC-DC converter consist of supply
can be used to step down or step up DC voltage source[1]. By voltage VS, inductor L1, Freewheeling diode D1,controlled
storing the input energy temporarily and then releasing that power switch S1, filter capacitor CO , and load resistance RO.
energy to the output at a different voltage, the electronic here we are considering that conventional buck converter is
switch-mode DC to DC converters is able to convert one DC operating in CCM, This converter produces an average output
voltage level to another, than linear voltage regulation, which voltage VO at a level lower than the supply voltage V S. The
dissipates unwanted power as heat. This conversion method is switch is turned ON and OFF with a switching frequency
more power efficient, often 80% to 90%. The storage ways f=(1/T ) and with duty ratio D = Ton / T, where T ON is the
may be in either magnetic components like inductors, ON time of the switch S1 and T is the switching period.
transformers or capacitors .This is beneficial to increasing the Circuit diagram for CBC is as shown in figure1, the supply
running time of battery operated devices. The demerits of voltage is in series with inductor acts as a current source. The
switching converters include cost, intricacy and electronic energy stored in L1 builds up when S1 is closed. When S1 is
noise (EMI / RFI)[2]. opened, current continues to flow through L1 to RO. As the
source and the discharging L1 are both providing energy with
Presently the new electrical apparatus working on low the switch open, the effect is to buck the voltage across R O.
voltage and high current or high voltage low currents needs The total output current Io, which is the sum of the two
Power converters that can supply regulated voltages from a inductor currents IL1are shown in Figure.2.
constant power source. The desired output parameters from
the apparatus can’t obtained with the present converters and
hence it is necessary to find new converter topologies. Such
that apparatus should be able to give a desired output like
constant output voltage even during varying loads and
varying sources and providing better switching pulses for
switches, for implementation of different control techniques
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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165
A. Nomenclature For two phase IBC individual inductor current ripple will
vary for duty ratio as shown in figure 5, In figure 6 it is seen
that In two phase IBC total inductor current ripple will be
Symbol Description unit zero for duty ratio 0.5 and % ripple of IBC is less compared
V0 Output Voltage volt to CBC.
R0 Output resistance ohm
T Time period sec (%∆IL1)
TON Time sec %(∆IL2)
CO Filter capacitor µF 6
ICO Capacitor current Amps
4
%(∆IL1)and %(∆IL2)
IO Output current Amps
IS1 Current through switch Amps
one 2
IS2 Current through switch Amps
one 0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
VL1 Voltage across inductor volt
L1
-2
Vgs1 Gate voltage across volt
switch one
-4
D Duty ratio
-6
Lmin Critical inductance Henry Duty ratio
∆IL1 Ripple current through Amps
L1
∆IL2 Ripple current through Amps Figure 5: %ΔIL1 and %ΔIL2 versus Duty Ratio of
L2 two Phase IBC
VS1 Voltage across through volt
switch S1 %∆IL CBC
VS2 Voltage across through volt %∆IL IBC
switch S2 12
10
IV. STEADY STATE CHARECTERISTICS AND
%ripple current
Buck ratio VO VO 2
D= D=
VS VS
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
Output current PO PO
IO = IO = Duty ratio
VO VO
Figure 6: %∆IL Versus Duty ratio of both CBC
and two Phase IBC
Inductor current ∆IL1 ∆IL1 = ∆IL2 Design of Two phase IBC:Input data for designing two phase
ripple amplitude interleaved buck converter output of 10 V from a 20 V source
VS − VO VS − VO inductor current is continuous and output ripple of less than
= (DT) = (DT)
L1 L1 1%. The output power 25Watts, switching frequency
31.33kHz.individualInductor current ripple is considered as
Total ripple ∆IL = 5%.
∆IL1 + ∆IL2 VO
Duty ratio (D) =
VS
Operating Iin Iin 10
currents in 2 D= = 0.5
20
semiconductors PO 25
output current = IO = = = 2.5A
VO 10
Table1: Parameters and its Expression for both CBC and VO 10
IBC output resistance = R O = = = 4Ω
IO 2.5
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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165
2.Losses in the diode due to diode series resistance R D Mode-2 Mode-4:Switch S1 and S2 both are open. Analyze
2 the Figure8 ,by applying KVL and KCL we get the equation
Pdiode = R D ∗ (IO1 (1 − D)) + VF IO1 (1 − D) in matrix form.
Pdiode = (0.3 ∗ (1.25/2)2 + (0.875 ∗ 1.25 ∗ .5))*2=1.32W
4.The input power is the sum of the output power and all the
above losses.
Pin = Pinductor + Pdiode + Pswitch + Po
Pin = 1.875 + 1.32 + .24 + 25 = 28.45W
V. MODELLING AND ANALYSIS TWO PHASE IBC Figure 8: Two Phase IBC Equivalent During Mode2
Figure 11: Two Phase IBC in Closed Loop Figure 14 :Output Voltage and Current Waveform For
Variation of load ±20%
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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165
A. Line Regulation
0
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-5
-10
Vs
Figure 17: Individual Inductor Current Waveform of IBC Figure 19: Plot of %Regulation versus VS
2
conference on power electronics ECCE Asia, June 3,
1 2011,pp.372-379. APEC'96, vol. I, San Jose, CA, Mar.
1996, pp. 152-158.
0
[4]. Veerachary.M, Senyu.T, Uezato.K.“Modeling and
0 50 100 150
-1 analysis of interleaved dual boost converter” Proc. IEEE
International Symposium on Industrial Electronics 2001
-2
Volume 2,June 2001 pp 718-722.
-3 [5]. Jantharamin, L.Zhang,“ Analysis of Multiphase
%loading Interleaved Converter by using State-space Averaging
Technique” ECTI-CON 2009 6thinternational conference
publications, May 2009,pp.288-298 .
Figure 22: Plot of %Regulation versus %loading
[6]. M.H Rashid “Power Electronics HandBook” London ,
VIII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE UK Academic 2001 pp 517-522.