Topics in Differentiation
Topics in Differentiation
Topics in Differentiation
TOPICS IN DIFFERENTIATION
(Follows from [1] Anton, …)
𝑥+1
Explicit Function: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2, 𝑦 =
𝑥−1
Implicit Function:
𝑦 2 = 𝑥, 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1, 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 = 3𝑥𝑦
Figure3.1.2 Figure3.1.3
Example 5
(a) Use implicit differentiation to find 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥 for the
Folium of Descartes 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 = 3𝑥𝑦
(b) Find an equation for the tangent line to the Folium of
Descartes at (3/2, 3/2) .
(c) At what point(s) in the first quadrant is the
tangent line to the Folium of Descartes horizontal?
𝑑 𝑑 ln 𝑥 1
[log b 𝑥 ] = [ ]= , 𝑥 > 0;
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 ln 𝑏 𝑥 ln 𝑏
𝑑 𝑑 −𝑥, 𝑥<0
[ln|𝑥 |] = ln {
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥, 𝑥>0
1
(−1), 𝑥<0 1
={ −𝑥 = , 𝑥 ≠ 0;
1 𝑥
, 𝑥>0
𝑥
𝒅 𝟏
[𝐥𝐧|𝒙|] = , 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎;
𝒅𝒙 𝒙
Example 2 – 5.
Exercise Set 3.2
13 – 30 (Odd numbers), 35, 37, 39.
𝑑𝑦
Find
𝑑𝑥
3.6 L’HÔPITAL’S RULE; INDETERMINATE FORMS
Examples
𝑥2 − 1 sin 𝑥 1 − cos 𝑥
lim = 2, lim = 1, lim =1
𝑥→1 𝑥 − 1 𝑥→0 𝑥 𝑥→0 𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓′(𝑥)
=> 𝑳’𝑯ô𝒑𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍’𝒔 𝒓𝒖𝒍𝒆: lim = lim
𝑥→𝑎 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑥→𝑎 𝑔′(𝑥)
𝑥 2 −4
Example 1 Find the limit lim
𝑥→2 𝑥−2
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥
Example 2 Find the limit (a) lim , (b) ⋯,
𝑥→0 𝑥
1−cos 𝑥
(e) lim
𝑥→0 𝑥2
For
lim 𝑓(𝑥) = ∞, lim 𝑔(𝑥) = ∞
𝑥→𝑎 𝑥→𝑎
𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓′(𝑥)
=> 𝑳’𝑯ô𝒑𝒊𝒕𝒂𝒍’𝒔 𝒓𝒖𝒍𝒆: lim = lim
𝑥→𝑎 𝑔(𝑥) 𝑥→𝑎 𝑔′(𝑥)
𝑥 1
Example 3 lim = lim =0
𝑥→∞+ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑥→∞+ 𝑒 𝑥
Examples 4, 5, 6 respectively.
Exercise 7 – 38 (Odd Numbers)