5 Test Procedures For DHW Heat Pumps Cordin Arpagaus
5 Test Procedures For DHW Heat Pumps Cordin Arpagaus
5 Test Procedures For DHW Heat Pumps Cordin Arpagaus
INSTITUTE FOR
ENERGY SYSTEMS
Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
Contents
Standard EN 16147
Overview of test methods - focus on Europe, Japan, USA
Discussion towards global harmonization
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Heat Pump Test Center (WPZ) in Buchs, Switzerland
Certified according to EN 17025
Air/Water Heat Pumps:
2 x 50 kW and 2 x 25 kW at founded 1993
A2/W35 (EN 14511) Temperature: -25°C to +45°C (air)
3.8 m x 7.8 m x 4.0 m Acoustic measurements are possible
(EN 12102 and ISO EN 9614)
Climate chambers
www.wpz.ch, E-Mail: [email protected]
Brine/Water Heat Pumps:
4.0 m x 4.0 m x 3.2 m
2 x 100 kW at B0/W35 (EN 14511)
Domestic Hot Water Test Benches
Tap profiles S to XXL (EN 16147
and ErP-Standards)
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Measurement of DHW heat pumps according to EN 16147
The heat pump test center WPZ follows the testing
standard EN 16147 for DHW heat pumps
Test
Procedure
1: Heating up period from 10 °C until first time compressor switch-off by the thermostat (around 55 °C)
2: Standby period (min. 48 h) to determine standby power input by measuring the electrical power input
over an integral number of on-off cycles of the compressor.
3: COP determination at defined draw-offs (min. 24 h) (e.g. hand washing, bathing, dish washing, etc.)
4: Determination of the reference hot water temperature. This test is started when the compressor switches
off at the end of the last measurement period for the load profile. A continuous hot water draw-off is started
and continues until the hot water temperature falls below 40 °C.
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Measurement of DHW heat pumps according to EN 16147
The heat pump test center WPZ follows the testing
standard EN 16147 for DHW heat pumps
Measurements at 2°C (colder), 7°C (average), 14°C (warmer), and 20°C (indoor air)
to
to
and higher
A20/W10-55 A7/W10-55
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Product energy label for Domestic Hot Water Heat Pumps
Mandatory in Europe since 2015
Examples:
• Switzerland «cold»
• The Netherlands «normal»
• south of England «warm»
Source temperatures
(EU-regulation No 812/2013)
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWH)
Major differences between test methods in use
in different regions of the world
Hot water use per household in Japan
Bath culture
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWH)
Major differences between test methods in use
in different regions of the world
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWH)
Major differences between test methods in use
in different regions of the world
SCOP
weighted
values
SCOP_C
SCOP_M
SCOP_W
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
Quote
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters – Overview
A great number of test methods for HPWH are in use in
different regions of the world
Characteristics Country Organisation Label/program Test standards
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWH)
Major differences between test methods in use
in different regions of the world
Differences Differences
Similarities
Calculation
Carried out in controlled procedures of
Product
ambient conditions (i.e. efficiencies
configuration
temperature and humidity) (i.e. heat losses in
(with or without
storage tank, air the storage tank)
Involve heating the water
or ground heat from ‘cold’ to ‘hot’
source, etc.)
Measuring both the Tapping profiles
electrical energy and temperature
consumed by the HPWH setting of the
Temperature
and the thermal energy heat pump
conditions in the
test room added to the water
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters (HPWH)
Major differences between test methods in use
in different regions of the world
Heat-up period
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
Draw-off schedules depend on the different standards
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
Is there an ideal form of harmonization ?
SEAD Report (2013):
Potential for Harmonization “In an ideal form of harmonization,
of International Test testing authorities in each economy
Standards
would be able to take the results
from any of the existing HPWH
tests, and use a simulation model
to predict what the results would
be if the same model were
physically tested to their own
standard. However, this ideal is
not likely to be attainable. “
Simulation
Test model Predicted
Results Results
(Standard 1) (Standard 2)
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
ISO Draft Standard HPWH-19967-Part1-DIS
Part 1 specifies test conditions and test procedures for determining the
performance characteristics of air source heat pump water heaters for hot water
supply with electrically driven compressors with or without supplementary electric
heater and connected to or including only one hot water storage tank.
A proposal of harmonized basic test conditions for single mode DWH testing:
Low-temperature test condition of 7°C DB/6°C WB – already in EU, Japan, Korea
(draft), consistent with AS/NZS (<10°C), Water temperature of 10°C
For models in warm and humid climates: test at ~ 30°C and high humidity
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Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
What are the next steps towards global harmonization?
How to rate air source DHW HP’s in different climatic conditions, when the
HP’s are tested at only one temperature?
…
Smart control also effects manufacturers to let air source systems run
during the day, when higher temperatures are available
…
In test procedures different combinations of heat pump and storage tank
(size) are considered as different heat pumps to be tested individually. Why not
separate these and combine through a calculation module?
…
Should the temperature of the storage tank be fixed at a certain level in
agreement with the demands for legionella?
…
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Thank you
for your attention
[email protected]
Tel. +41 81 377 94 34
www.ntb.ch/en/team/cordin-arpagaus
air fan
Heat pump
hot air evaporator cold air
in coils out
water
electric heating
tank
elements
condenser coil
cold air filled with hot
compressor out refrigerant heats
expansion valve water in tank
Function:
It uses the thermal energy from the air
to heat up the domestic hot water
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(www.oekoboiler.com)
Test Procedures on Heat Pump Water Heaters
DHW heat pumps in Swiss single family houses –
Typcial Systems
Compact Split Combined with space heating
Air
Radiator
Floor