#2 CESTAT30 – STATICS OF RIGID

BODIES

FLEX Course Material

Compute the resultant of
concurrent force systems
Locate and draw the
resultant concurrent force
system.

RESULTANT OF
CONCURRENT
FORCE SYSTEMS
Sir Marvin Bartido

Marvin M. Bartido, RCE

2ND TERM AY 2020-2021

 PRE-ASSESSMENT

Pre-assessment No. 2
PROPERTIES OF ANGLES
Recall the properties of angle, go to the link:
http://www.ultimatemaths.com/angle-properties.htm

1. Find all missing angles:

Sir Marvin Bartido

2. What is the value of angle a?

30°
 Table of Contents

Resultant of Two Concurrent Forces

Triangle Law
Sample Problems
Resultant of Three or More Concurrent Forces
Analytical Method (Component Method)
Sample Problems
Sir Marvin Bartido

3
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF TWO CONCURRENT FORCES

PARALLELOGRAM LAW
The parallelogram law states that the resultant of two forces is the
diagonal of the parallelogram formed on the vectors of these forces.
Sir Marvin Bartido

TRIANGLE LAW
It is can be used to compute resultant of force systems with two
forces.
If two forces are represented by their free vectors placed tip to tail,
their resultant vector is the third side of the triangle, the direction of
the resultant being from the tail of the first vector to the tip of the last
vector.
The two forces are the component forces that make up the resultant.

R R

4
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF TWO CONCURRENT FORCES

TRIANGLE LAW
After forming the triangle, we can now solve for the resultant by
using the laws of triangle.
The resultant of two-force concurrent force system must include
the resulting:
• Magnitude
• Direction
• Angle from the horizontal (𝜃𝑥 )

• SOH CAH TOA

Sir Marvin Bartido

𝑜
sin 𝜃 =
𝑎
𝑎
h cos 𝜃 =
o ℎ
𝑜
tan 𝜃 =
ϴ 𝑎
a
• Cosine Law
𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 − 2 𝑏 𝑐 cos 𝐴
C
a b 𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 − 2 𝑎 𝑐 cos 𝐵
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 − 2 𝑎 𝑏 cos 𝐶
B A
c

• Sine Law
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= =
C sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
a b
B A
c
5
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF TWO CONCURRENT FORCES

Sample Problem No. 1

Determine the resultant using triangle law.
Sir Marvin Bartido

20°
Find: 250N
Resultant 20°
R
50°
100N
Solution:
For magnitude: Using cosine law
𝑅2 = 2502 + 1002 − 2 250 100 cos 70°
20°
𝑅2 = 55398.99 250N
𝑅 = 235.37 𝑁 ↙
70° R
100N
For angle:
𝜃𝑥 = 20° + 𝛼
Using sine law
235.37 100 20° 𝜃𝑥
= 250N ∝
sin 70° sin 𝛼
100 sin 70°
sin 𝛼 = 70° R = 235.37 N
235.37
−1
𝛼 = sin (0.39924) 100N
𝛼 = 23.53°
𝜃𝑥 = 43.53°

6
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF TWO CONCURRENT FORCES

Sample Problem No. 2

The vertical force P of magnitude 100kN is applied to the frame
shown in Fig. (a). Resolve P into components that are parallel to the
members AB and AC of the truss.
Find:
AB
AC

AB
Sir Marvin Bartido

P = 100 kN
AC
AC P = 100 kN

Solution: AB

Using sine law

100 𝐴𝐵
=
sin 35° sin 35°
100 sin 35° AB
70°
𝐴𝐵 = 35°
sin 35° 110°
𝐴𝐵 = 100 𝑘𝑁 AC P = 100 kN
35°
100 𝐴𝐶
=
sin 35° sin 110°
100 sin 110°
𝐴𝐶 =
sin 35°
𝐴𝐶 = 163.83 𝑘𝑁

7
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF TWO CONCURRENT FORCES

Sample Problem No. 3

Resolve the 360-lb force into components along the cables AB and AC.
Use α=55◦ and β=30◦.

Find:
AB
AC
Solution:
Using sine law
Sir Marvin Bartido

360 𝐴𝐵 55° AB
=
sin 95° sin 30°
360 sin 30°
𝐴𝐵 =
sin 95° 95°
𝐴𝐵 = 180.69 𝑙𝑏 360 lb

360 𝐴𝐶
= AC
sin 95° sin 55°
100 sin 110°
𝐴𝐶 = 30°
sin 95°
𝐴𝐶 = 296.02 𝑙𝑏

8
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT

FORCES

Graphical Method. The two vectors can be added to give a resultant;

this resultant in turn can be added to a third vector, etc. until all the
vectors have been added together to give an overall resultant. These
vectors can be added in any order. This method is sometimes called
the head-to-tail method.
Sir Marvin Bartido

Analytical Method (Component Method). The vectors can be resolved

into components that coincide with arbitrarily chosen axes.

R
𝑅𝑦
𝑅= 𝑅𝑥 2 + 𝑅𝑦 2 (resultant) 𝜃𝑥
𝑅𝑥
𝑅𝑥 = Σ 𝐹𝑥 (x-component of the resultant)
𝑅𝑦 = Σ 𝐹𝑦 (y-component of the resultant)
𝑅
tan θ𝑥 = 𝑦ൗ𝑅𝑥 (direction of the resultant with
respect to x-axis)
For summation, use the sign convention:
𝑭𝒙 𝑭𝒚
→ +
← -
↑ +
↓ -

9
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT

FORCES

Horizontal and Vertical Component of a Force

F
𝐹𝑦

𝐹𝑥

Examples: Find the horizontal and vertical components of forces

𝑃𝑥
1. P = 30 N cos 40° =
𝑃𝑦 𝑃𝑦 𝑃𝑦 𝑃
P = 30 N 𝑃𝑦
40° 40° sin 40° =
𝑃𝑥 𝑃𝑥 𝑃
𝑃𝑥 = 30 cos 40° = 22.98 𝑁
Sir Marvin Bartido

𝑃𝑦 = 30 sin 40° = 19.28 𝑁

𝑄𝑥
𝑄𝑦
2. cos 50° =
𝑄𝑦 Q = 20 kN 𝑄𝑦 Q = 20 kN 𝑄
50° 50°
𝑄𝑥
sin 50° =
𝑄𝑥 𝑄𝑥 𝑄
𝑄𝑥 = 20 sin 50° = 15.32 𝑘𝑁
𝑄𝑦 = 20 cos 50° = 12.86 𝑘𝑁

4
3. 𝑇𝑦
T = 35 lb 5
𝜃 3
𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 cos 𝜃 =
3 4
5
4 3
𝑐 2 = 32 + 42 sin 𝜃 =
𝑇𝑥 5
𝑐=5
4
𝑇𝑥 = 35 = 28 𝑙𝑏
5
3
𝑇𝑦 = 35 = 21 𝑙𝑏
5

10
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE

CONCURRENT FORCES

4. M = 17 kips 5.
B = 96 N

𝑀𝑥 = 0 𝐵𝑥 = 96 𝑁
𝑀𝑦 = 17 𝑘𝑖𝑝𝑠 𝐵𝑦 = 0

6. 3.1
F = 12 lb
tan 𝜃 =
3.7
𝐹𝑦 3.1 cm
3.1
ϴ 3.7 cm
𝜃= tan−1
3.7
𝐹𝑥
𝜃 = 39.96°
Sir Marvin Bartido

𝐹𝑥 = 12 cos 39.96° = 9.20 𝑙𝑏

𝐹𝑦 = 12 sin 39.96° = 7.71 𝑙𝑏

11
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE

CONCURRENT FORCES

Sample Problem No. 1

Determine completely the resultant of the con-current force
system as shown.

Find:
Resultant
Sir Marvin Bartido

Solution:
2 2
𝑅𝑥 = σ 𝐹𝑥
𝑅= 𝑅𝑥 + 𝑅𝑦 𝑅𝑥 = 200 cos 30° − 300 cos 60° − 400 + 100 cos 45°
𝑅𝑥 = −306.08 𝑁 = 306.08 𝑁 ←
𝑅 = (−306.08)2 +(239.10)2
𝑅 = 388.40 𝑁 ↖
𝑅𝑦 = σ 𝐹𝑦
tan θ𝑥 =
𝑅𝑦
ൗ𝑅𝑥 𝑅𝑦 = 200 sin 30° + 300 sin 60° − 50 − 100 sin 45°
𝑅𝑦 𝑅𝑦 = 239.10 𝑁 ↑
𝜃𝑥 = tan−1 𝑅𝑥
−1 239.10
𝜃𝑥 = tan −306.08
R
𝜃𝑥 = −38.00°
𝜃𝑥

12
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT

FORCES

Sample Problem No. 2

Compute the value of the resultant of the concurrent forces
shown.
Find:
Resultant
Sir Marvin Bartido

Solution:
𝑅𝑥 = σ 𝐹𝑥
2 2 2
𝑅= 𝑅𝑥 + 𝑅𝑦 𝑅𝑥 = 100
5
−300 cos 60° − 200 cos 45° + 400 cos 30°
𝑅𝑥 = 144.43 𝑁
𝑅 = (144.43)2 + −36.89 2
𝑅 = 149.07 𝑁 ↘
𝑅𝑦 = σ 𝐹𝑦
1
𝑅𝑦 = 100 5 +300 sin 60° − 200 sin 45° − 400 sin 30°
𝑅𝑦 = −36.89 𝑁
𝑅𝑦
tan θ𝑥 = ൗ𝑅𝑥
𝑅𝑦
𝜃𝑥 = tan−1 𝑅𝑥
𝜃𝑥 =
−36.89
tan−1 144.43
𝜃𝑥 = −14.32° 𝜃𝑥
R

13
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE

CONCURRENT FORCES

Sample Problem No. 3

The resultant of the concurrent forces shown is 300 N pointing up
along the Y axis. Compute the values of F and θ required to give its
resultant.
Given:
𝑅 = 300 𝑁 ↑
𝑅𝑦 = 300 𝑁 ↑
𝑅𝑥 = 0
Sir Marvin Bartido

Find:
𝐹 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜃
Solution:
𝑅𝑥 = σ 𝐹𝑥
0 = 𝐹 cos 𝜃 − 500 + 240 cos 30° (eq. 1)
500−240 cos 30°
𝐹=
cos 𝜃
Substituting 𝜃
𝑅𝑦 = σ 𝐹𝑦 500−240 cos 30°
300 = 𝐹 sin 𝜃 − 240 sin 30° (eq. 2) 𝐹= cos 𝜃
300+240 sin 30°
𝐹= 𝐹 = 511.62 𝑁
sin 𝜃

Equating the two F’s:

500−240 cos 30° 300+240 sin 30°
=
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
sin 𝜃 300+240 sin 30°
=
cos 𝜃 500−240 cos 30°
tan 𝜃 = 1.43760
𝜃 = tan−1(1.43760)
𝜃 = 55.18°
14
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT

FORCES
Sample Problem No. 4
The block is acted upon by its weight W = 200N, a horizontal force Q =
600 N, and the pressure P exerted by the inclined plane. The resultant
R of these forces is up and parallel to the incline thereby sliding the
block up it. Determine P and R.

Given:
R is upward and parallel to the incline
𝜃𝑥 = 30°
Sir Marvin Bartido

Find:
P and R

Solution 1:
𝑅𝑥 = σ 𝐹𝑥 P
R
𝑅 cos 30° = 600 − 𝑃 sin 45° (eq. 1)
600 −𝑃 sin 45°
𝑅= 45°
cos 30° 30°

𝑅𝑦 = σ 𝐹𝑦 600
45° N
𝑅 sin 30° = 𝑃 cos 45° − 200 (eq. 2)
𝑃 cos 45°−200
𝑅= sin 30°
200
N
Equating the two R’s:
600 −𝑃 sin 45° 𝑃 cos 45°−200
=
cos 30° sin 30°
(600 − 𝑃 sin 45°) sin 30° = (𝑃 cos 45° − 200)cos 30°
2 6
Substitute P:
300 − = 𝑃 𝑃
− 173.205 𝑃 cos 45°−200
4 4 𝑅= sin 30°
473.205 = 0.96593𝑃 𝑅 = 292.82 𝑁
𝑃 = 489.90 𝑁
15
 If you need wisdom, ask our generous God, and He will give it to you.
He will not rebuke you for asking.
James 1:5

RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT

FORCES
Solution 2: Rotate the forces

P
P
R
15°
45°
30° R
600 30°
45° N
30°
600
200 N
N 200 N
Sir Marvin Bartido

Given:
If R is at x-axis, 𝑅𝑥 = 𝑅 and 𝑅𝑦 = 0

𝑅𝑦 = σ 𝐹𝑦
0 = 𝑃 cos 15° − 200 cos 30° − 600 sin 30°
200 cos 30°+600 sin 30°
𝑃= cos 15°
𝑃 = 489.90 𝑁

𝑅𝑥 = σ 𝐹𝑥
𝑅 = 600 cos 30° − 𝑃 sin 15° −
200 sin 30°
𝑅 = 292.82 𝑁

16
 ASSESSMENT TASK

Assessment Task No. 2

Topic Learning Outcome:
Compute the resultant of concurrent force system
1. Determine the resultant using triangle law.

2. The vertical force P of magnitude 150 lb is applied to the frame

shown in Fig. (a). Resolve P into components that are parallel to the
members AB and AC of the truss.

73°
0
Sir Marvin Bartido

28°

3. Resolve P = 480-N force into components along the cables AB and

AC. Use α=40◦ and β=25◦.

17
 ASSESSMENT TASK

4. Determine completely the resultant of the con-current force system

as shown.

5. Compute the value of the resultant of the concurrent forces shown.

Sir Marvin Bartido

6. The resultant of the concurrent forces shown is 300 N pointing to

the right along the x axis. Compute the values of F and θ required to
give its resultant.

7. The block is acted upon by its weight W = 500N, a Q = 750 N 10°

inclined from horizontal, and the pressure P exerted by the inclined
plane. The resultant R of these forces is upward and parallel to the
incline thereby sliding the block up. Determine P and R.

18