Revision Sheet

1- An inpatriate is a subsidiary employee that transfers to operations in the parent

country.
A- True
B- False
2- The international HR department may be a major user of language translation services.
A- True
B- False
3- Cultural shock is a phenomenon experiences by people who move across cultures.
A- True
B- False
4- A domestic HRM is involved with employees within one national boundary.
A- True
B- False
5- Compensation and benefit programs are not an activity of internal human resources
management.
A- True
B- False (programs are activity)
6- A multidomestic industry is one in which competition in each country is essentially
independent of competition in other countries.
A- True
B- False
7- A criticism of Hofstede's research is that he equates culture to national borders.
A. True
B. False
8- Schein considers "artefacts" as the invisible and unconscious conventions and
perceptions deeply held by members on a culture.
A. True
B. False (visible)
9- Hofstede famously likens a company's culture to a 'software of the mind'.
a. True
b. False
10- According to Kluckhohn and Kroeber, culture consists of patterned ways of thinking,
feeling, and reacting, acquired and transmitted mainly by symbols.
a. True
b. False
11- Unforeseen conflicts and lower performance in many foreign business enterprises
created doubts about how easily concepts and management research from the English-
speaking world could be transferred to other cultures.
a. True
b. False.
12- It is a correct assumption that culture is usually used as a synonym for nation or
national difference represents culture differences.
a. True
b. False
13- A global mindset is necessary for the success of an international company.
a. True
b. False
14- Human considerations are as important as financial and marketing criteria in making
decisions about multinational ventures.
a. True
b. False
MCQ
1- Which department of an international organization uses language translation services
most?
a. Tax.
b. Shipping.
C. Human resources.
d. Operations
2- What is a key driver for firms seeking international markets?
a. A small home market.
b. Tax regulations.
C. Large home markets.
d. Managerial incompetence.
3- What activity in international HR would not be required in a domestic environment?
a. Staff orientation
b. Tax equalization
C. Terrorism considerations
d. Relocation assistance
4- Senior managers with little international experience:
a. Are very successful in multinational operations.
b. Assume that there is no transferability between domestic and international HARM
practices.
c. Assume that there is a great deal of transferability between domestic and international
HRM practices.
d. Are usually very eager to take on international responsibilities.
5- In Porter's value-chain model:
a. HRM is described as a primary activity
b. HRM is described as a support activity
c. HRM is not mentioned as an activity
d. HRM is described as an incidental activity
6-HRM in the multinational context contains an overlap between elements of:
a. Cross-cultural management and leadership.
b. Cross-cultural management and strategic management.
c. Strategic management, comparable HR, and industrial relations systems.
d. Cross-cultural management, comparable HR, and industrial relations systems.
7- Human Resource Management (HRM) activities include all of the below EXCEPT:
a. Human resource planning.
b. Performance management.
c. Personal family planning.
d. Training and development.
8- International HRM is reflected in:
a. The need for a narrower perspective.
b. The need for a short-term perspective.
C. The need for a judgmental perspective.
d. The need for a broader perspective
9- As a foreign subsidiary matures:
a. The local HR unit's responsibilities for planning, training, and compensation broaden.
b. The responsibilities of planning, training, and compensation narrow.
C. The local HR unit's responsibilities for planning, training, and compensation stay the
same.
d. The local HR unit's responsibility for planning, training and compensation end
10- Hofstede's study is classified or based on:
a. Cultures
b. Ethnic subgroup
c. Countries
d. Common cultural regions
11- The Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner study distinguishes three overarching aspects
of culture, namely:
a. Artefacts, values and assumptions
b. Relationships between people, the concept of time, and the concept of nature
c. Reality, time, and space
d. Descriptive values, aspirational values, and critical values
12- Hall and Hall's research emphasizes four cultural dimensions:
a. Context of communication, spatial orientation, the concept of time, and information
speed
b. Context of communication, precision of communication, objectivity in communication,
and information speed
c. Context of communication, privacy of communication, the concept of time, and
information speed
d. Context of communication, spatial orientation, distribution of communication, and
feedback mechanisms
13- Hall and Hall, Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner all:
a. Provide academically valid, rigorous and reliable research bases for their models
b. Largely agree on the underlying dimensions of culture
c. Have large, geographically diverse data sets to draw on to support their models
d. Focus on offering a practical template allowing individuals to perceive and handle
cultural differences
14- Due to growing interdependence and a high flow of migration:
a. Culture is not confined to a territorially limited area
b. Culture is still largely confined to a territorially limited area
c. Cross-cultural issues are not nearly as important as they were in the past
d. HR will largely be unaffected

Tutorials
1- What is culture?
a) The distinctive achievement of human groups
b) The transmission of symbols
c) The embodiment in artifacts
d) All of the above
2- According to Hansen, which of the following is not an element of culture?
a) Communication
b) Thought
c) workout
d) Behavior
3- What are artifacts in relation to culture?
a) Traditional ideas
b) Visible organization structures and processes
c) Underlying assumptions
d) Values
4- What is the middle level in Schein's concept of culture?
a) Artifacts
b) Values
c) Underlying assumptions
d) Perception, thoughts, and feelings
5- Which level of culture includes perception, thoughts, and feelings?
a) Artifacts
b) Values
c) Underlying assumptions
d) None of the above
6- Culture consists of patterned ways of:
a) Seeing and hearing
b) Thinking, feeling, and reacting
c) Speaking and writing
d) Observing and analyzing
7- According to the text, what is the essential core of culture?
a) Traditional ideas and their attached values
b) Standardization of communication
c) Visible organization structures and processes
d) Underlying assumptions
8- According to Schein's assumptions, what is one key question related to the nature of
reality and truth in a culture?
a) How is time dimension defined and calculated?
b) What is real and what is not?
c) How is space attributed to the members of a society?
d) What does it mean to be human?
9- What does power distance refer to?
a) The emotional distance between employees and superiors
b) The acceptance of power being distributed equally in institutions
c) The demand for explanations for power inequalities
d) The hierarchical organization structure in a culture
10- In high power distance cultures, individuals can occupy their place in the
organization without any need for:
a) Emotional distance
b) Justification
c) Power distribution
d) Explanations for inequalities
11- People generally prefer little consultation between superiors and subordinates in
cultures where --------- is high.
A) power distance
B) Fatalism
C) individualism
D) self-actualization
12- What is the main characteristic of low power distance cultures?
a) Equal power distribution
b) Emotional distance between employees and superiors
c) Hierarchical organization structure
d) Demand for explanations for power inequalities
13- What is the purpose of power distance in a culture?
a) To establish emotional connections between employees and superiors
b) To ensure equal power distribution in institutions
c) To maintain a hierarchical organization structure
d) To justify power inequalities
14- In high uncertainty avoidance cultures, what is the attitude towards deviations from
strict beliefs and behavioral codes?
a) Tolerated and embraced
b) Strictly prohibited and not tolerated
c) Encouraged and rewarded
d) Accepted with certain conditions
15- What is the significance of practice in low uncertainty avoidance cultures?
a) Practice is considered less important than principles
b) Practice is considered more important than principles
c) Practice and principles hold equal importance
d) Practice is not valued in low uncertainty avoidance cultures
16- Which type of culture has a higher tolerance for deviations?
a) High uncertainty avoidance
b) Low uncertainty avoidance
c) Both have equal tolerance for deviations
d) Neither has tolerance for deviations
17- What is the main difference between high and low uncertainty avoidance cultures?
a) The level of ambiguity in situations
b) The level of tolerance for deviations
c) The level of strict beliefs and behavioral codes
d) The level of significance given to principles
18- According to the text, what are the key components of masculine orientations?
a) Pursuit of financial success, heroism, and strong performance approach
b) Preferences for life quality, modesty, and interpersonal relationships
c) Role flexibility is more clear-cut
d) None of the above
19-Which of the following best describes feminine orientation?
a) Pursuit of financial success, heroism, and strong performance approach
b) Preferences for life quality, modesty, and interpersonal relationships
c) Role flexibility is less clear-cut
d) None of the above
20- In individualist cultures, how are relationships between people described?
a) Casual and informal
b) Close and clearly defined
c) Limited and distant
d) Strong and interconnected
21- How is the system of relationships in collective cultures described?
a) Casual and informal
b) Close and clearly defined
c) Limited and distant.
d) Strong and interconnected
22- Which of the following is characterized by low dependence on an organization and a
desire for personal time, freedom, and challenges?
A) collectivism
B) democracy
C) individualism
D) anarchy
23-Safe work environments motivate -------- challenges motivate --------.
A) individualists; collectivists
B) collectivists; individualists
C) non-fatalists; fatalists
D) materialists; non-materialists
24- Which orientation emphasizes endurance and persistence in pursuing goals?
a) Short-term orientation
b) Long-term orientation
c) Both short-term and long-term orientations
d) None of the above
25-According to the text, what is a characteristic of long-term orientation?
a) Ranking based on status
b) Adaptation of traditions to modern conditions
c) High savings rates and high investment activity
d) All of the above
26-According to the text, what are some characteristics of short term orientation?
a) High savings rates and high investment activity
b) Expectations of long-term profit
c) Avoiding loss of face and respect for social obligations
d) Disregard for traditions and greetings
27- What are the key levels that need to be considered in Hofstede-style research?
a) Individual level, groups, organizations, and country levels
b) Individual level, teams, companies, and global levels
c) Personal level, communities, institutions, and global levels
d) Personal level, groups, organizations, and country levels
28-. Why is it important to consider cross-cultural differences?
a) It helps in creating a homogeneous culture
b) It allows for the inclusion of specific intracultural variance
c) It helps in minimizing cultural differences
d) It focuses on individual culture variables only
29- What does institutional collectivism refer to?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The extent to which the society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules,
and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of the future.
d) The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be distributed equally.
30- What is in-group collectivism?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The extent to which the society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules,
and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of the future.
d) The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be distributed equally.
31- What does uncertainty avoidance refer to?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The extent to which the society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules,
and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of the future.
d) The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be distributed equally.
32- How is power distance defined?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The extent to which the society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules,
and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of the future.
d) The degree to which members of a collective expect power to be distributed equally.
33- What does gender egalitarianism refer to?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The extent to which the society, organization, or group relies on social norms, rules,
and procedures to alleviate unpredictability of the future.
d) The degree to which the collective minimizes gender inequality
34- How is assertiveness defined?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and aggressive in their
relationship with others.
d) The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards group members for
performance improvement and excellence.
35- What is performance orientation?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and aggressive in their
relationship with others.
d) The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards group members for
performance improvement and excellence.
36- What does humane orientation include?
a) The degree to which individuals express pride, loyalty, and cohesiveness in their
organizations or families.
b) The degree to which the organizational and societal institutional practices encourage
and reward collective distribution of resources and collective action.
c) The degree to which individuals are assertive, confrontational, and aggressive in their
relationship with others.
d) The degree to which a collective encourages and rewards individuals for being fair,
selfless, generous, caring, and kind to others.
37- What is the main difference between high context and low context communication?
a) High context communication requires decoding/interpretation, while low context
communication is more direct and straightforward.
b) High context communication is more direct and straightforward, while low context
communication requires decoding/interpretation.
c) High context communication focuses on spatial orientation, while low context
communication focuses on information speed.
d) High context communication is dominant in monochrome cultures, while low context
communication is dominant in polychrome cultures
38- What does the spatial orientation dimension of communication focus on?
a) The speed of information exchange in different cultures.
b) The distance between people of different cultures when communicating.
c) The dominance of monochrome or polychrome concepts of time in different cultures.
d) The level of directness in communication between individuals.
39- How does a monochrome concept of time differ from a polychrome concept of time?
a) Monochrome time involves doing one thing after another, while polychrome time
involves simultaneous actions.
b) Monochrome time involves simultaneous actions, while polychrome time involves
doing one thing after another.
c) Monochrome time is dominant in high context cultures, while polychrome time is
dominant in low context cultures.
d) Monochrome time focuses on information speed, while polychrome time focuses on
spatial orientation.
40-What does the information speed dimension of communication focus on?
a) The distance between people of different cultures when communicating.
b) The dominance of monochrome or polychrome concepts of time in different cultures.
c) The speed at which personal information is exchanged in different cultures.
d) The level of directness in communication between individuals.