ASME BPVC.II.

A-2021 SA-522/SA-522M

SPECIFICATION FOR FORGED OR ROLLED 8 AND 9%

NICKEL ALLOY STEEL FLANGES, FITTINGS, VALVES,
AND PARTS FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

SA-522/SA-522M

(Identical with ASTM Specification A522/A522M-07.)

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SA-522/SA-522M ASME BPVC.II.A-2021

SPECIFICATION FOR FORGED OR ROLLED 8 AND 9%

NICKEL ALLOY STEEL FLANGES, FITTINGS, VALVES,
AND PARTS FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

SA-522/SA-522M

(Identical with ASTM Specification A 522/A 522M-07.)

1. Scope A 788 /A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General

1.1 This specification covers 8 and 9% nickel-alloy Requirements
steel forged or rolled flanges, fittings, valves, and parts A 961 /A 961M Specification for Common Requirements
intended for use in welded pressure vessels for low-temper- for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
ature service. The specification is applicable to forgings Piping Applications
with maximum section thickness of 3 in. [75 mm] in the
double normalized and tempered condition and 5 in.
3. General Requirements and Ordering
[125 mm] in the quenched and tempered condition. Forg-
Information
ings under this specification are intended for service at
3.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform
operating temperatures not lower than −320°F [−196°C]
to the requirements of Specification A 961, including any
for Type I or −275°F [−170°C] for Type II or higher than
supplementary requirements that are indicated in the pur-
250°F [121°C].
chase order. Failure to comply with the requirements of
1.2 Material under this specification is available in two Specification A 961 constitutes nonconformance with this
types having different chemical compositions as follows: specification.
Type Nominal Nickel Content, % 3.2 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in
the purchase order all ordering information necessary to
I 9
II 8 furnish the needed material. Examples of such information
include but are not limited to the ordering information in
1.3 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound Specification A 961 and following:
units and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the
3.2.1 Any supplementary requirements, and
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 3.2.2 Additional requirements, (See 4.5, 5.2, 6.1, 7.2,
and 10.3).
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated 4. Materials and Manufacture
in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each 4.1 The steel shall be produced in accordance with the
system must be used independently of the other. Combining melting process section of Specification A 788.
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance 4.2 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or
with the specification. either forged or rolled blooms, billets, or bars.

2. Referenced Documents 4.3 The finished product shall be a forging as defined

2.1 ASTM Standards: in the Terminology Section of Specification A 788.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Test- 4.4 Except for flanges of all types, hollow cylindrically
ing of Steel Products shaped parts may be made from hot-rolled or forged bar,

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provided that the axial length of the part is approximately minimum rate of 300°F [165°C]/h to a temperature not
parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock. Except for all exceeding 600°F [315°C].
types of flanges, elbows, return bends, tees, and header
tees, other parts up to and including NPS 4 may be
machined from hot-rolled or forged bar. 7. Mechanical Properties
7.1 Tension Test — Forgings to Types 1 and 2 shall
4.5 When specified in the order, the manufacturer shall
conform to the tensile requirements of Table 2.
submit for purchaser’s approval a sketch showing the shape
of the rough forging before machining. 7.2 Impact Test — The Charpy impact test requirements
in Table 3 shall be met unless Supplementary Requirement
S2 of this specification has been specified.
5. Chemical Composition
7.2.1 The values for energy absorption and the frac-
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements of
ture appearance in percentage of shear fracture for each
Table 1.
specimen shall be recorded and reported for information.
5.2 If required by the purchaser, product analysis may
be performed in accordance with the requirements of
A 961. 8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.1 The forgings shall have a workman-like finish and
shall be free of injurious defects.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 The forgings shall be heat treated by the manufac-
turer by either of the following methods as mutually agreed 9. Number of Tests and Retests
upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 9.1 At least one tension test and one set of Charpy
6.1.1 Quenched and Tempered — Heat to a uniform V-notch impact tests shall be made from each heat in each
temperature of 1475 ± 25°F [800 ± 15°C]; hold at this heat-treatment charge.
temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] 9.2 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform
of thickness but in no case less than 30 min; quench by to the specified requirements, the manufacturer may retreat
immersion in circulating water. Reheat until the forging the forgings, but not more than three additional times.
attains a uniform temperature within the range from 1050 Retreatment involves re-austenitizing the forgings. Retests
to 1125°F [565 to 605°C]; hold at this temperature for a shall be made in accordance with this section.
minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thickness but
in no case less than 30 min; cool in air or water quench, 9.3 If the lateral expansion result from one Charpy
at a rate not less than 300°F [165°C]/h. impact specimen falls below 0.015 in. [0.38 mm], but not
less than 0.010 in. [0.25 mm], and the average test result
6.1.2 Double Normalized and Tempered — Heat to
equals or exceeds 0.015 mm [0.38 mm], then one retest
a uniform temperature of 1650°F [900°C]; hold at this
of three additional specimens may be made. The lateral
temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm]
expansion obtained from each of the three retest specimens
of thickness but in no case less than 30 min; cool in air.
shall equal or exceed 0.015 in. [0.38 mm].
Reheat until the forging attains a uniform temperature of
1450°F [790°C]; hold at this temperature for a minimum
time of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thickness but in no case 10. Test Specimens
less than 30 min; cool in air. Reheat to a uniform tempera-
10.1 The test specimens shall be located at any point
ture within the range from 1050 to 1125°F [565 to 605°C];
midway between the center and surface of solid forgings,
hold at this temperature for a minimum time of 1 h/in.
and at any point mid-thickness of the heaviest section of
[2.5 min/mm] of thickness but in no case less than 30 min;
hollow or bored forgings. For solid forgings where test
cool in air or water quench, at a rate not less than 300°F
metal is provided on the periphery, test specimens shall
[165°C]/h.
be taken at mid-thickness of the test prolongation.
6.2 When stress relieving is to be performed after fabri-
10.2 Tests shall be oriented so that the longitudinal
cation, the recommended stress-relieving treatment is as
axis of the specimen is parallel to the major direction of
follows: gradually and uniformly heat the steel to a temper-
grain flow.
ature between 1025 and 1085°F [550 and 585°C]; hold for
a minimum of 2 h for thicknesses up to 1 in. [25 mm]. 10.3 When fabrication requires stress relieving, the
For thicknesses over 1 in. [25 mm], a minimum additional purchaser shall specify stress relieving of the test pieces
holding time in the ratio of 1 h/in. [2.5 min/mm] of thick- prior to machining of the test specimens. Stress relieving
ness in excess of 1 in. [25 mm] shall be added. Cool at a shall be carried out as prescribed in 6.2.

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11. Method of Impact Testing including the impact test temperature, and test coupon
11.1 The impact test shall be made in accordance with stress relief details if applicable,
the simple beam, Charpy type of test described in the latest 14.1.4 Results of any additional or supplementary
issue of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. requirements specified by the purchaser, and
11.2 Precaution shall be taken so that when broken, 14.1.5 The year date and revision letter, if any, of
the test specimens shall be within ± 3°F [1.7°C] of the the specification. Note, this information is not required to
specified test temperature. be marked on the forgings.

12. Inspection 15. Product Marking

12.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall 15.1 Each forging shall be legibly stamped by the man-
have free entry, at all times while work on the contract ufacturer with the heat number or his heat identification,
of the purchaser is being performed, to all parts of the the manufacturer’s name (see Note 1) or trademark, and
manufacturer’s works that concern the manufacture of the this specification number, A 522 or A 522M as applicable,
material ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspec- 8NI, or 9NI, and QT or NNT as applicable.
tor all reasonable facilities to satisfy the inspector that
NOTE 1 — For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer
the material is being furnished in accordance with this is considered the organization that certifies the piping component was
specification. All tests (except product analysis) and manufactured, sampled, and tested in accordance with this specification
inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture prior and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this
to shipment, unless otherwise specified, and shall be con- specification.
ducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with the opera-
15.2 Forgings impact tested at a temperature other than
tion of the works.
that specified in Table 3, by the use of Supplementary
12.2 The manufacturer shall report to the purchaser or Requirement S2, shall be marked with the letters LTV
the purchaser’s representative the heat treatments applied following the specification number, as well as the tempera-
to the material and to the test blocks and the results of the ture scale used. For forgings to A 522, these letters shall
chemical analysis and mechanical tests made in accordance be followed by the impact test temperature in degrees
with this specification and the heat number or his heat Fahrenheit. A prefix 0 to the test temperature indicates a
identification. temperature below 0°F, for example A 522 Type 1
LTV0300F indicates −300°F. For forgings to A 522M, the
letters LTV shall be followed by the impact test tempera-
13. Rejection ture in degrees Celsius. A prefix 0 to the test temperature
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based indicates a temperature below 0°C, for example A 522M
on tests made in accordance with Section 5 and 7 shall be Type 1 LTV0150C indicates −150°C.
reported to the manufacturer within 60 days from the 15.3 The purchaser may specify additional identifica-
receipt of samples or test reports by the purchaser. tion marking and the location of all stamping. The type of
13.2 Each forging in which injurious metal defects are stamps shall be round or “interrupted-dot” die stamps hav-
exposed during subsequent machining shall be rejected and ing a radius of 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm].
the manufacturer notified. 15.4 Bar Coding — In addition to the requirements in
15.1, 15.2, and 15.3, bar coding is acceptable as a supple-
mental identification method. The purchaser may specify
14. Certification in the order a specific bar coding system to be used. The
14.1 Test reports, when required, shall include certifi- bar coding system, if applied at the discretion of the sup-
cation that all requirements of this specification have been plier, should be consistent with one of the published indus-
met. The manufacturer shall provide the following where try standards for bar coding. If used on small parts, the
applicable: bar code may be applied to the box or a substantially
14.1.1 Whether Type 1 or Type 11 material has been applied tag.
supplied and the chemical analysis results in accordance
with Section 5,
16. Keywords
14.1.2 Type of heat treatment used, 16.1 low temperature applications; nickel alloy steel;
14.1.3 Results of tension and Charpy impact tests pipe fittings; steel; piping applications; pressure containing
(together with absorbed energy and % shear fracture) parts; steel flanges; steel forgings; alloy; steel valves

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TABLE 1 TABLE 2
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS TENSILE REQUIREMENTS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
Composition, % Tensile strength, min., ksi [MPa] 100 [690]
Yield strength, min., (0.2% off-set), ksi [MPa] 75 [515]
Type I Type II
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], min., % 22
Carbon, max 0.13 0.13 Reduction of area, min., % 45
Manganese, max 0.90 0.90
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025
SiliconA 0.15–0.30 0.15–0.30
Nickel 8.5–9.5 7.5–8.5
A
When vacuum carbon deoxidation is used, the maximum silicon TABLE 3
content shall be 0.10%. CHARPY V-NOTCH LATERAL EXPANSION
REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDARD SIZE [10 X 10 MM]
SPECIMENS
Report Absorbed
Lateral Temperature Energy and %
Type Expansion in. [mm] °F [°C]A Shear Fracture
1 0.015 [0.38] −320 [−195] Yes
2 0.015 [0.38] −275 [−170] Yes
A
Except when Supplementary Requirement S2 is specified.

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SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the supplementary requirements described below may be included in

purchaser’s order or contract. When so included, a supplementary requirement shall have
the same force as if it were in the body of the specification. Supplementary requirement
details not fully described shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier,
but shall not negate any of the requirements in the body of the specification.

S1. Nondestructive Tests S2. Other Impact Test Temperatures

S1.1 Ultrasonic Tests — Ultrasonic tests may be made S2.1 The purchaser may specify an impact test tempera-
by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. ture higher than that in Table 3 but no higher than the
S1.2 Liquid Penetrant Tests — Liquid penetrant tests minimum intended operating temperature for the forging.
may be made by agreement between manufacturer and
purchaser. S2.2 Marking shall be in accordance with 15.2.

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