GA BSCE3 ResearchMethods Output1-2

Ga, Christian Paul V.
BSCE-III
Research Methods (Assignment)
• CONCEPTS SET 1:
(1.1) Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods and Designs
Qualitative research focuses on understanding the meaning of behavior. It helps researchers to
gain more understanding and can help them interpret and contextualize information.
Comparatively, Quantitative research uses numerical data that researchers can analyze
statistically.
You can further divide both research methods into subtypes.
Qualitative research has 8 different types, namely:
1. Action Research
In action research, the researcher participates in a situation and collects data on it.
The researcher uses this data to analyze the situation and collects more data if they want
to adjust the scope of the study or its results. Action research is cyclical, meaning each
step involves collaboration between the study participants and the researcher. You can
conduct action research at any level, including the individual, group or community level.
This type is appropriate when you want to learn how something works within its natural
environment. For example, if you want to understand people's challenges while using
technology at work, you can collaborate with teams in different departments to study this
topic.
2. Phenomenology
The phenomenological model seeks to identify how participants feel about certain
occurrences or activities. Researchers study the unique ways individuals experience
events through observation and interviews before, during, and after an event. The
phenomenological approach focuses on subjective descriptions of the experiences of
participants.
3. Ethnographic
In an ethnographic study, researchers immerse themselves within a distinct

culture to study the group's patterns, behaviors, rules, and communication. Researchers
are less interested in testing a theory with this method and more interested in observing
how subjects react and interact with one another or with a product. Sometimes,
researchers may also take part in the group's activities to experience them firsthand.
4. Case Study
Case studies follow a single subject and collect in-depth data to determine more
general conclusions. Subjects may be individuals, families, businesses, or cities.
Researchers typically gather, report, and analyze an extensive amount of data using this
method. Case studies are often longer than other types of research studies, some lasting a
year or more because researchers seek to measure changes or results over time.
5. Narrative research
Is a popular qualitative research method because it helps you understand how

people live and make decisions. You collect data about subjects by tracking them as they
go through different stages of your study. By understanding these experiences through
observations of participants over time, businesses can create buyer personas for their
products and services based on these narratives. Researchers explore a few participants'
experiences by collecting information on their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors during
specific situations. This method allows researchers to gather data from several sources at
one time to identify themes or patterns. The narrative research method involves collecting
stories from participants to share later.
This process involves asking questions like:
What was happening?
How did it feel?
Why was this important?
What did you do next?
6. Grounded Theory
The grounded theory model uses a systematic review of existing data in large
quantities to develop theories about why events transpired in a certain way or what causes
led to certain results. Data analysis in this method helps identify trends and
commonalities that provide insights into questions of “why” and “how” about the data.
Researchers and organizations can determine the practical applications of this
information when using this approach.
7. Focus Groups
Focus groups are an important tool in qualitative research. They reveal people's
attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs to enhance researchers' knowledge of a particular topic.
For instance, moderators might conduct focus groups with eight to 12 participants who
meet at set times over several weeks or months. Participants may test out a new product,
and researchers can observe subjects and conduct interviews about their experience. For
example, a beverage company may plan to launch a new brand of energy drinks. It invites
people of different ages and backgrounds to taste the drink over multiple days. The
researchers then conduct follow-up interviews asking each person what they think about
the new drink relative to other drinks currently available on the market.
8. Historical
The historical model attempts to predict future results by studying and

interpreting historical data. Researchers analyze previous trends and results to create
current strategies. Historical research studies begin with a hypothesis or research question
that you want to test. Once you know what question to answer, you can decide what
sources to use for your research. This often involves reading firsthand accounts,
interviewing people who experienced a particular phenomenon, and reviewing other
research about the topic. Once you examine your sources' reliability, you can analyze
your data and develop a theory to answer your initial research question.
Quantitative research has 4 different types, namely:
1. Experimental
Experimental design, researchers test one or more hypotheses in an experiment by

creating a model and testing it in a controlled environment to determine cause-and-effect
relationships. In this type of study, researchers randomly assign participants to groups
that compare different treatments of the subject. For example, in a study comparing
children who drink soda vs. children who drink juice, researchers might assign one group
to drink only soda and the other group only juice to measure results.
2. Quasi-experimental
A quasi-experimental design is like an experiment, except researchers cannot

control experimental variables or examine cause and effect. There may be confounding
factors that affect the study, such as if researchers cannot assign participants to groups
because of ethical concerns. Researchers may also use a quasi-experimental design when
they have incomplete information about a subject's experience, or when it may be
dangerous to test a hypothesis in an experiment.
3. Correlational Studies
A correlational study is a type of research design that looks at the relationships

between two or more variables. Correlational studies are non-experimental, which means
that the experimenter does not manipulate or control any of the variables. A correlation
refers to a relationship between two variables.
4. Survey Research
It is a method used for collecting data from a set of respondents. It has been
perhaps one of the most used methodologies in the industry for several years due to the
multiple benefits and advantages that it has when collecting and analyzing data.
(1.2) Applied and Basic Research Types
APPLIED RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH

Solves particular life problems Expand current knowledge
Practical and descriptive in nature Theoretical and exploratory in nature
More specific scope Wilder scope
Associated with advancement of technology Less associated with technology
Creates solutions/preventions future problems Predicts future events/situations
Client- driven Curiosity-driven
Has direct commercial objectives Does not have direct commercial objectives
Highly connected with economic pursuits Less connected with the economy
More often appears in academic publications Less often appear in academic publications
Occurs in real-world settings Takes place in a sterile environment
• CONCEPT SET 2:
(2.0) What Research Type(s) and Design(s) are the best and appropriate for the ENGINEERING
Field/Course?
The suiting research design for the engineering field is Qualitative

Research. For research design using qualitative type of research is the
best appropriate for engineering field since engineers are mostly known
as creative, using qualitative type of research design will help them
expand their creativity and skills. Qualitative type of research is known as
costly type of research but a profitable type of research.
CONCEPT SET 3:
(3.0) Search about the iEEE Citation Format for Engineering and other Applied Type of
Research Studies/Projects
Two citation styles that are primarily employed in science and engin
eering are APA (a "author-date" format) and IEEE (a numbered form).
Certain fields (ASME ASCE) have styles that have characteristics similar to t
hose mentioned above. Engineering typically utilizes the IEEE or APA Style.

GA BSCE3 ResearchMethods Output1-2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GA BSCE3 ResearchMethods Output1-2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GA BSCE3 ResearchMethods Output1-2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ga, Christian Paul V.

In an ethnographic study, researchers immerse themselves within a distinct

Is a popular qualitative research method because it helps you understand how

The historical model attempts to predict future results by studying and

Quantitative research has 4 different types, namely:

Experimental design, researchers test one or more hypotheses in an experiment by

A quasi-experimental design is like an experiment, except researchers cannot

A correlational study is a type of research design that looks at the relationships

(1.2) Applied and Basic Research Types

APPLIED RESEARCH BASIC RESEARCH

The suiting research design for the engineering field is Qualitative

You might also like