Ergo CIA 2

SPACE FRAME
A space frame, also called a space structure, is a truss-like structure comprising of struts that are
interconnected in a geometric pattern that is both strong and lightweight.
It is a modern architectural and structural engineering technique that is being used to effectively
cover large areas while using just a small number of internal supports.
Space frame architecture has been more prominent in the last few decades and is now evolving
globally.
These structures are durable because of the triangle's intrinsic stiffness and the bending stresses
transferred down the length of each strut as tension and compression.
Components of the Space Frame
Space frame structures are composed of various components, the most common of which
is Linear Action Members and Node Connectors/Joints.
Linear fractional members resist tension and compression with circular or rectangular sections.
The tube or pipe pieces used in the space frame system are connected using node connectors,
making assembly quick and simple.
Fig 2: Components
of Space Frame Structure
Node connectors are often used to connect two or more separate joints of the parts. When an axial
load is given to a structure, the force must be transferred via the nodal joints.
The joint must be strong and stiff for the structural loads to be supported by the nodal connection.
Space frame structures may be purchased as simple prefabricated modules of uniform size and
shape.
Types of Space Frames
Depending on the curvature and how the elements are arranged, there are numerous kinds of space
frames described below:
Classification based on Curvature
1. Space Plane Covers
Spatial structures are mostly made up of planar substructures. The planes are channeled through
the horizontal bars, while the diagonals are responsible for supporting the shear forces.
2. Barrel Vaults
The cross-section of barrel vaults resembles a simple arch, with tetrahedral modules or pyramids
typically used as a unit component.
3. Spherical Domes
A spherical dome is constructed from an intricate network of steel sections. Typically uses
tetrahedral modules or pyramids with skin support.
Classification based on the Arrangements of Dome Elements
1. Single Layer Grid
All elements are approximately positioned on the surface.
Fig 6: Single Layer Grid

2. Double-Layer Grid
The space frame often utilizes frames of this sort. Elements are arranged in two parallel layers that
are spaced at a specific distance away from each other. There are many diagonal bars connecting
the nodes of both layers.
Fig
7: Double Layer Grid
3. Triple Layer Grid
These are arranged in three parallel lines, with the diagonals connecting them. They are often flat
and are mainly used in buildings with larger spans.
Fig 8: Triple Layer

Grid
Applications of Space Frame Structure
1. Commercial and Industrial Buildings

2. Conference Hall
3. Auditoriums
4. Warehouses
5. Skylights
6. Shopping Malls
7. Canopies
8. Airports
9. Airplane Hangars
10. Toll booths
11. Exhibition Center
12. Sports stadiums
Advantages of Space Frame Structures
1. Because of their extreme sturdiness and lightweight nature, space frame structures provide
the most precise load distribution.
2. Space frames benefit from being lightweight, mass-produced, stiff, and versatile compared
to other common structures.
3. The space frame structures' prefabricated parts make installation relatively simple.
4. Space frame buildings are highly portable and manageable.
5. These kinds of buildings provide good cambering facilities.
6. Excellent acoustic qualities may be found in space frame constructions.
7. It doesn't require purlins.
8. It is better suited for buildings with irregular plan shapes and sites.
9. Also appropriate for a larger-span construction.
10. It offers an explicit term without a column.
11. By offering a mid-column, this structure eliminates the necessity for geometric stability.
12. It offers a significant spawn at low altitudes.
13. It offers a little amount of deflection.
14. It offers affordable transit prices.
Disadvantages of Space Frame Structures
1. Space frame trusses may be utilized for long spans without interior load-bearing supports,
making them ideal for platforms or roofs.
2. Frame connections such as welding, bolting, or threading might create space

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SPACE FRAME

Fig 6: Single Layer Grid

Fig 8: Triple Layer

1. Commercial and Industrial Buildings

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